Experimental macroscopic dosimetry for extremely-low-frequency electric and magnetic fields.

Abstract

Environmental and laboratory exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) in the extremely-low-frequency range (ELF) produces electrical quantities that interact directly with the exposed biological system on a scale small compared to the size of the human body but large with respect to cellular dimensions. The purpose of this paper is to describe these macroscopic electrical quantities and their characterization through measurements on living systems and experimental models. Electric field exposure results in a total induced current, surface electric fields, internal electric fields, and internal currents. Magnetic field exposure results in internal magnetic field, internal electric fields, and internal currents. Basic properties of fields and matter determine the methods by which these quantities can be measured. Quantification or dosimetry for these parameters on a macroscopic basis can be directed to the whole body, a cross section across the body, a local surface area, or a local volume. Models of varying degrees of sophistication have been used to establish spatial distributions of external fields and internal fields and currents.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

The paper describes macroscopic electrical quantities induced in living systems and experimental models by ELF electric and magnetic field exposure, and discusses how these quantities can be characterized via measurement and modeling at whole-body and local scales.

Outcomes measured

• Macroscopic dosimetry/characterization of induced electrical quantities from ELF electric-field exposure (total induced current, surface/internal electric fields, internal currents)
• Macroscopic dosimetry/characterization of induced quantities from ELF magnetic-field exposure (internal magnetic field, internal electric fields, internal currents)
• Measurement methods and modeling of spatial distributions of external and internal fields/currents

Limitations

• No specific frequencies, exposure levels, or durations are provided in the abstract.
• No health or biological outcome results are reported in the abstract.
• Population/sample size and specific experimental/model details are not described in the abstract.

Suggested hubs

• occupational-exposure (0.2)
  Mentions environmental and laboratory exposure to ELF fields; could be relevant to exposure characterization contexts, but no specific occupational setting is described.

{
    "study_type": "exposure_assessment",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": "environmental and laboratory exposure",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": null,
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Macroscopic dosimetry/characterization of induced electrical quantities from ELF electric-field exposure (total induced current, surface/internal electric fields, internal currents)",
        "Macroscopic dosimetry/characterization of induced quantities from ELF magnetic-field exposure (internal magnetic field, internal electric fields, internal currents)",
        "Measurement methods and modeling of spatial distributions of external and internal fields/currents"
    ],
    "main_findings": "The paper describes macroscopic electrical quantities induced in living systems and experimental models by ELF electric and magnetic field exposure, and discusses how these quantities can be characterized via measurement and modeling at whole-body and local scales.",
    "effect_direction": "unclear",
    "limitations": [
        "No specific frequencies, exposure levels, or durations are provided in the abstract.",
        "No health or biological outcome results are reported in the abstract.",
        "Population/sample size and specific experimental/model details are not described in the abstract."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "extremely-low-frequency",
        "ELF",
        "electric fields",
        "magnetic fields",
        "dosimetry",
        "induced current",
        "internal electric field",
        "surface electric field",
        "measurement",
        "models"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "occupational-exposure",
            "weight": 0.200000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125,
            "reason": "Mentions environmental and laboratory exposure to ELF fields; could be relevant to exposure characterization contexts, but no specific occupational setting is described."
        }
    ]
}

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