Chronic exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation improves cognition and synaptic plasticity impairment in vascular dementia model

Abstract

Chronic exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation improves cognition and synaptic plasticity impairment in vascular dementia model Mahnaz Bayat, Narges Karimi, Mohammad Karami, Afshin Borhani Haghighi, Kamjoo Bayat, Somayeh Akbari, Masoud Haghani. Chronic exposure to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation improves cognition and synaptic plasticity impairment in vascular dementia model. Int J Neurosci. 2021 Feb 26;1-13. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1896502. Abstract In this study, we evaluated the effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on cognitive dysfunction induced by vascular dementia (VaD). The VaD was induced by bilateral-common carotid occlusion (2-VO). The rats were divided into 4 groups including: control (n = 6), sham (n = 6), 2-VO (n = 8), and 2-VO + Wi-Fi (n = 10) groups. Wi-Fi modem centrally located at the distance of 25 cm from the animal's cages and the animals were continuously exposed to Wi-Fi signal while they freely moved in the cage (2 h/day for forty-five days). Therefore, the power density (PD) and specific absorption rate value (SAR) decreased at a distance of 25 to 60 cm (PD =0.018 to 0.0032 mW/cm2, SAR =0.0346 to 0.0060 W/Kg). The learning, memory, and hippocampal synaptic-plasticity were evaluated by radial arm maze (RAM), passive avoidance (PA), and field-potential recording respectively. The number of hippocampal CA1 cells was also assessed by giemsa-staining.Our results showed that VaD model led to impairment in the spatial learning and memory performance in RAM and PA that were associated with long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment, decrease of basal-synaptic transmission (BST), increase of GABA transmission, and decline of neurotransmitter release-probability as well as hippocampal cell loss. Notably, chronic Wi-Fi exposure significantly recovered the learning-memory performance, LTP induction, and cell loss without any effect on BST. The LTP recovery by Wi-Fi in the 2-VO rats was probably related to significant increases in the hippocampal CA1 neuronal density, partial recovery of neurotransmitter release probability, and reduction of GABA transmission as evident by rescue of paired-pulse ratio 10ms. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

In 2-VO rats, chronic Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) exposure (2 h/day for 45 days) significantly improved learning/memory performance and recovered LTP induction and hippocampal cell loss compared with 2-VO alone, while not affecting basal synaptic transmission. Reported mechanistic correlates included partial recovery of neurotransmitter release probability and reduced GABA transmission (paired-pulse ratio at 10 ms).

Outcomes measured

• Spatial learning and memory (radial arm maze)
• Memory (passive avoidance)
• Hippocampal synaptic plasticity (field-potential recording; LTP)
• Basal synaptic transmission (BST)
• GABA transmission
• Neurotransmitter release probability (paired-pulse ratio)
• Hippocampal CA1 cell density/cell loss (giemsa staining)

Limitations

• Animal model study (rats); generalizability to humans not addressed in abstract
• Exposure metrics reported as ranges by distance; SAR not reported as a single value for the animals
• Small group sizes (control n=6, sham n=6, 2-VO n=8, 2-VO+Wi-Fi n=10)

Suggested hubs

• school-wi-fi (0.6)
  Exposure source described as a Wi-Fi modem (2.45 GHz) with continuous Wi-Fi signal exposure.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": "wi-fi",
        "frequency_mhz": 2450,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "2 h/day for 45 days"
    },
    "population": "Rats with vascular dementia model induced by bilateral-common carotid occlusion (2-VO)",
    "sample_size": 30,
    "outcomes": [
        "Spatial learning and memory (radial arm maze)",
        "Memory (passive avoidance)",
        "Hippocampal synaptic plasticity (field-potential recording; LTP)",
        "Basal synaptic transmission (BST)",
        "GABA transmission",
        "Neurotransmitter release probability (paired-pulse ratio)",
        "Hippocampal CA1 cell density/cell loss (giemsa staining)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "In 2-VO rats, chronic Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz) exposure (2 h/day for 45 days) significantly improved learning/memory performance and recovered LTP induction and hippocampal cell loss compared with 2-VO alone, while not affecting basal synaptic transmission. Reported mechanistic correlates included partial recovery of neurotransmitter release probability and reduced GABA transmission (paired-pulse ratio at 10 ms).",
    "effect_direction": "benefit",
    "limitations": [
        "Animal model study (rats); generalizability to humans not addressed in abstract",
        "Exposure metrics reported as ranges by distance; SAR not reported as a single value for the animals",
        "Small group sizes (control n=6, sham n=6, 2-VO n=8, 2-VO+Wi-Fi n=10)"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "2.45 GHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "Wi-Fi",
        "vascular dementia",
        "2-VO",
        "rats",
        "cognition",
        "radial arm maze",
        "passive avoidance",
        "hippocampus",
        "synaptic plasticity",
        "LTP",
        "GABA",
        "SAR",
        "power density"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
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        }
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}

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