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This animal experiment exposed adult male rats to 6 GHz RF-EMR (0.065 W/kg) for 4 hours/day over 42 days and compared them with sham controls. The exposed group showed higher comet assay genotoxicity metrics, though not statistically significant, and more prominent liver histopathological changes (e.g., portal…

This animal study exposed rats to Wi‑Fi waves for 7 hours/day for 2 months and assessed sperm parameters, serum testosterone, and testicular/epididymal pathology, with and without coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The authors report that Wi‑Fi exposure was linked to worse sperm parameters, lower testosterone, and adverse…

This paper presents an application and numerical process modelling of a 13.56 MHz RFID module, including how nearby tags/cards and their positioning affect antenna characteristics. It also considers RFID operation near human tissues and discusses potential health impacts from prolonged EMF exposure at 13.56 MHz. The…

This animal study examined thyroid histomorphometry in juvenile male Wistar rats after 2 weeks of 5G EMF exposure (3.5 GHz, 1.5 V/m). Exposed rats showed larger follicle and colloid areas and a significantly lower Thyroid Activation Index, which the authors interpret as thyroid hypoactivity. The authors suggest this…

This rat study examined repeated 3.5 GHz RF exposure (2 hours/day, 5 days/week for 30 days) and thyroid-related outcomes, with and without quercetin. The abstract reports altered thyroid hormones (lower T3/T4, higher TSH) and increased oxidative stress in thyroid tissue after RF exposure. Quercetin appeared partially…

This animal study reports that prolonged RF-EMR exposure (2.45 GHz for 8 weeks) increased oxidative stress and ferroptosis in mouse testicular tissue and was associated with reduced sperm quality. Melatonin administration reportedly mitigated oxidative injury and inhibited ferroptosis. The abstract attributes the…

This animal study exposed male Wistar rats to 900 MHz RF-EMR from a mobile phone for 1 hour daily over four weeks and assessed behavior and tissue changes. The authors report altered contextual fear conditioning-related behavior in exposed rats. Histological assessments indicated apoptosis and enlarged perivascular…

This animal study exposed juvenile and young adult Wistar rats to 5G (3.5 GHz) or 2G (900 MHz) radiofrequency fields (1.5 V/m) for 1–2 weeks and measured brown adipose tissue-related gene expression by RT-qPCR. The abstract reports significant downregulation of PRDM16 and C/EBP mRNA after 5G exposure, while…

This animal study examined prenatal 900 MHz EMF exposure during different pregnancy trimesters and measured oxidative stress, inflammatory, apoptotic, and TRPM2-related markers in rat offspring trigeminal ganglia at postnatal day 28. The abstract reports increased oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation, inflammation,…

This animal study exposed fertilized chick eggs to a nearby 1800 MHz mobile phone that was called repeatedly (50 minutes/day) and assessed embryos at days 10 and 15. The exposed group reportedly showed mitochondrial abnormalities in liver, brain, and heart tissues on electron microscopy, along with increased HSP70 in…

This animal study examined whether continuous prenatal exposure to 2450 MHz radiofrequency radiation (simulating Wi‑Fi) affects thyroid tissue in rat offspring at 6 months. The exposed group showed significantly increased mononuclear cell infiltration and vascular congestion in thyroid histology. TUNEL-positive cell…

This mouse experiment evaluated whether crocin (50 mg/kg) mitigates liver and kidney injury associated with 2100 MHz electromagnetic field exposure. EMF exposure was associated with increased serum markers of kidney and liver injury, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, and histopathological/ultrastructural changes…