Electromagnetic fields regulate iron metabolism: From mechanisms to applications
This review synthesizes evidence that electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure is associated in the literature with changes in systemic and cellular iron metabolism, with reported effects varying by EMF parameters, exposure duration, and biological context. It proposes mechanistic pathways involving iron-containing proteins/tissues, membrane and ion channel modulation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The authors frame iron-metabolism modulation as relevant to both therapeutic applications and safety evaluation, while emphasizing inconsistencies and the need for standardized exposure protocols.
Key points
- The article is a review focused on how EMFs may regulate iron metabolism and related biological effects.
- It reports that prior studies describe EMF-associated changes in iron metabolism at systemic and cellular levels.
- The review proposes mechanisms involving electromagnetic properties of iron-rich tissues/proteins, membrane structure, ion channels, and ROS.
- Effects are described as parameter-dependent, with potential “windows” where specific EMF settings yield stronger responses.
- The review discusses implications across multiple disease areas including cardiovascular, neurological, diabetes, liver injury, and cancer contexts.
- The authors suggest iron metabolism indicators could be used to assess EMF biological safety.
- The review highlights inconsistent findings in the literature and calls for standardized exposure protocols and reporting.
Referenced studies & papers
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AI-generated summaries may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.
AI-generated summaries may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.
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