Effect of prenatal exposure to stress and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field on hippocampal and serum BDNF levels in male adult rat offspring.
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Jan 1, 2024
This rat study examined prenatal stress, prenatal ELF-EMF exposure, and their combination on adult male offspring outcomes at postnatal day 90. Prenatal stress increased serum corticosterone but did not change spatial memory, while combined stress+ELF-EMF disrupted memory acquisition. ELF-EMF exposure was associated…
Chronic Drug-Resistant Cystitis Treated with a Sequence of Modulated Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields: A Randomized Study of 148 Cases.
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Jan 1, 2024
This randomized placebo-controlled study evaluated sequenced, modulated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields for drug-resistant chronic bacterial cystitis in 148 women. The treated group showed significant between-group differences at 4 weeks in multiple laboratory parameters, with reported sustained…
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) induced alterations in gene expression and cytokine secretion in clear cell renal carcinoma cells.
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Jan 1, 2024
This in vitro study exposed three ccRCC cell lines and a healthy kidney cell line (HEK293) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 4.5 mT for 30 minutes daily over 5 days. The authors report exposure-associated changes in expression of several genes (names not fully visible in the abstract), with differences between primary…
Exposure to the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces changes in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium.
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Jan 1, 2024
This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial slices from days 15–16 of pregnancy to a 50 Hz extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field for 2 hours. The authors report changes in several epigenetic-related markers, including DNA methylation machinery, histone-related measures (HDAC activity), global DNA…
NET Formation Was Reduced via Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields.
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Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study examined whether a 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) affects neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. In neutrophils from healthy volunteers, ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS or calcium influx and did not increase basal or PMA-induced NET formation.…
Human osteosarcoma cells in response to ELF-MF: Morphological remodeling compared to cell proliferation.
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Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study exposed human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells to 2 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields with sinusoidal, triangular, or pulsed waveforms under continuous (3 h) or fractionated (3 days) conditions. The authors report significant decreases in proliferation and shape index in exposed cells versus…
The Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Inflammation and Performance-Related Indices in Trained Athletes: A Double-Blinded Crossover Study.
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Jan 1, 2023
This double-blinded crossover study tested an ELF-EMF mattress used immediately after high-intensity cycling and overnight in nine trained male athletes. The authors report no significant overall effects on performance and inflammation. However, between 60 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise, the active condition…
Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation (ELF-EMS) Improves Neurological Outcome and Reduces Microglial Reactivity in a Rodent Model of Global Transient Stroke.
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Jan 1, 2023
This animal and laboratory study evaluated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation (ELF-EMS) in a rodent ischemia-reperfusion stroke model and related in vitro/slice experiments. The authors report improved neurological and behavioral outcomes, increased neuronal survival, and reduced glial/microglial…
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure alters DNA methylation levels in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period.
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Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial slices from the peri-implantation period (days 15–16 of pregnancy) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 2 hours and assessed promoter DNA methylation in selected genes. The authors report increased methylation for EGR2, ID2, and PTGER4, decreased methylation for IL1RAP and NOS3, and no…
Synergistic cytotoxic effects of an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field with doxorubicin on MCF-7 cell line.
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Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study tested whether a 50 Hz, 20 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) enhances the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The authors report that combining ELF-EMF with low-dose DOX reduced cell viability at lower DOX concentrations than DOX…
EMAGINE-Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial for determining the efficacy of a frequency tuned electromagnetic field treatment in facilitating recovery within the subacute phase following ischemic stroke.
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Jan 1, 2023
This paper presents the protocol for the EMAGINE multicenter, double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial testing an extremely low-frequency, low-intensity, frequency-tuned electromagnetic field therapy (ENTF) after subacute ischemic stroke. Participants will start active or sham treatment 4–21 days post-stroke,…
Measuring and assessing the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on blood parameters and liver enzymes of personnel working in high voltage power stations in a petrochemical industry.
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Jan 1, 2023
This cross-sectional study in a petrochemical industry compared 50 high-voltage power-station workers exposed to ELF-EMF with 50 controls. Electric and magnetic fields were measured at 200 points, and blood parameters and liver enzymes were extracted from medical records. The study reports no significant differences…
Impact of ketamine administration on chronic unpredictable stress-induced rat model of depression during extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure: Behavioral, histological and molecular study.
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Jan 1, 2023
This animal study evaluated ketamine administration combined with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) rat model. The authors report that the combined treatment increased depression-like behavior and neuronal degeneration, reduced GFAP(+) cells in…
Comparative Study of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field, Radiation, and Temozolomide Administration in Spheroid and Monolayer Forms of the Glioblastoma Cell Line (T98).
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Jan 1, 2023
This in vitro study assessed 50 Hz, 100 G extremely low-frequency EMF in combination with temozolomide and radiation in T98 glioblastoma cells grown as monolayers and spheroids. Radiation plus EMF increased apoptosis-related gene expression, while temozolomide plus EMF increased autophagy marker expression compared…
The Effect of Time-Dependence of 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats.
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Jan 1, 2022
This animal study exposed 40 adult male rats to a 10 Hz (4 mT) extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field for 1 hour daily for either 7 or 30 days. The authors report improved spatial memory after prolonged (30-day) exposure, alongside increased hippocampal BDNF levels. They also note a significant body weight…
The Effect of 12 Hz Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Field on Visual Memory of Male Macaque Monkeys.
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Jan 1, 2022
This animal experiment assessed visual memory, cortisol, GR gene expression, and amygdala volume in four male rhesus macaques exposed to a 12 Hz, 0.7 μT ELF magnetic field. The exposed monkeys reportedly showed improved visual memory and reduced serum cortisol and GR gene expression, while controls did not show…
Improved osteogenic differentiation by extremely low electromagnetic field exposure: possible application for bone engineering.
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Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro study examined intermittent extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure (6 h/day) in human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells during osteogenic differentiation. After 10 days, ELF-EMF-exposed cells showed increased proliferation and calcium deposition versus sham.…
Bidirectional Effect of Repeated Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (50 Hz) of 1 and 7 mT on Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Rat's Brain: The Prediction for the Vulnerability to Diseases.
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Jan 1, 2022
This rat study examined repeated 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (1 or 7 mT) and measured oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers in the prefrontal cortex, including responses to a subsequent open-field stressor. The authors report intensity- and repetition-dependent effects: 1 mT produced weak changes and was…
Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase Cytokines in Human Hair Follicles through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.
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Jan 1, 2022
This in vitro/ex vivo study examined extremely low-frequency EMF exposure in human hair bulb spheroids and hair follicle organ cultures. The authors report no toxicity and increased expression of anagen-related markers and multiple cytokines/growth factors at 5–20 G, with 10 G for 60 minutes associated with increased…
Physiotherapeutic Reduction of Orofacial Pain Using Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Light-Emitting Diode Therapy-A Pilot Study.
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Jan 1, 2022
This randomized pilot study evaluated whether adding combined extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) and LED physiotherapy to standard analgesics reduces postoperative orofacial pain after orthognathic surgery. The physiotherapy group reportedly experienced faster pain reduction than controls. The…
Conformational changes of β-thalassemia major hemoglobin and oxidative status of plasma after in vitro exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: An artificial neural network analysis.
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Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed blood samples from β-thalassemia major patients and matched healthy donors (n=12 each) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 0.5 and 1 mT for 1–2 hours. The authors report that two-hour exposure induced significant oxidative changes in β-thalassemia major samples and examined protein/Hb structural features…
Comparing the Effects of Long-term Exposure to Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields With Different Values on Learning, Memory, Anxiety, and β-amyloid Deposition in Adult Rats.
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Jan 1, 2021
This animal study exposed adult male rats to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1, 100, 500, or 2000 μT for 1 hour/day over two months and assessed behavior and brain markers. The authors report increased memory retention (higher step-through latency) alongside increased anxiety-like behavior (reduced open-arm entries), particularly…
Electromagnetic Field Stimulation Attenuates Phasic Nociception after Complete Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.
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Jan 1, 2021
This animal study evaluated whole-body extremely low-frequency EMF stimulation after thoracic complete spinal cord injury in adult male rats. The authors report reduced nociceptive behaviors (hyperalgesia/allodynia) from week 6 onward and restoration of spinal reflexes by week 8. They also report lower glutamate at…
EVALUATION OF BCL2 AND ITS REGULATORY MIRS, MIR-15-B AND MIR-16 EXPRESSION CHANGES UNDER THE EXPOSURE OF EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER CELL LINE.
Research
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Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) at 0.2 or 2 mT (continuous or 1.5 h on/1.5 h off) for 18 hours alter viability and gene/miRNA expression in AGS gastric cancer cells. The authors report a significant reduction in cell viability at 2 mT continuous exposure.…
Effects induced by a 50 Hz electromagnetic field and doxorubicin on Walker-256 carcinosarcoma growth and hepatic redox state in rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal study compared 50 Hz extremely low-frequency EMF exposure with doxorubicin (and their combination) in Walker-256 carcinosarcoma-bearing rats, assessing tumor growth and liver redox-related outcomes. DOX and DOX+EMF were reported to inhibit tumor growth more than EMF alone, though EMF alone also showed an…