RF Safe argues that U.S. RF exposure limits remain based on avoiding short-term heating (“thermal-only”) effects and have not been meaningfully updated since the FCC’s 1996 guidelines. The piece links this regulatory approach to community concerns about cell towers near schools, citing reported cancer clusters and claiming that compliance with FCC limits may not equate to safety. It also highlights Telecommunications Act Section 704 as limiting local opposition to tower siting on health or environmental grounds.

This RF Safe article argues that U.S. radiofrequency (RF) exposure policy is outdated, emphasizing that FCC limits adopted in 1996 are based on preventing tissue heating and do not address alleged non-thermal biological effects. It claims responsibility for protecting public health from electronic product radiation was effectively ceded from health agencies to the FCC, and that Section 704 of the Telecommunications Act limits local governments from opposing wireless infrastructure on health grounds if FCC limits are met. The piece cites epidemiology, cell studies, and animal studies (notably the U.S. National Toxicology Program and the Ramazzini Institute) to argue that evidence has accumulated and regulation should be updated, but it presents these points in an advocacy framing rather than as a balanced review.

RF Safe argues that non-native RF-EMF affects biology primarily through voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs), proposing an “Ion Forced Oscillation” model in which pulsed RF signal components influence the S4 voltage sensor and downstream cellular signaling. The post frames electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) as a continuum of individual sensitivity thresholds to a proposed VGIC → mitochondrial ROS → immune activation cascade, rather than a distinct condition. It cites multiple external studies and reviews (including a WHO-commissioned animal review) to support a mechanistic narrative linking RF exposure to oxidative stress, inflammation, and certain tumor findings in rodents, but the article itself is a mechanistic/interpretive argument rather than original research.

This paper presents a case study proposing a Planetary Health Impact Assessment (PHIA) framework for RF-EMF exposure from mobile telecommunication technologies using knowledge graphs. Twelve experts co-developed knowledge graphs to visualize potential direct effects on organisms and indirect effects on humans via ecosystem disruption, while an AI/NLP tool was used to extract and visualize literature with required expert validation. The authors highlight substantial evidence gaps on ecological impacts (e.g., pollinators, birds, plants) and emphasize the possibility of indirect health risks mediated through ecosystems.

This animal study used Drosophila knockout lines to examine whether visual (Rh1) versus non-visual (Rh7) opsins contribute to blue-light-associated neural damage. Flies were continuously exposed to 488 nm blue light from egg deposition to 20 days, and brain DNA damage and vacuolisation were assessed. The study reports greater DNA damage and neurodegeneration markers in Rh1 knockout flies than in wild-type or Rh7 knockout flies, and concludes Rh1 is a predominant mediator of blue-light-induced neurotoxicity in the fly CNS.

This review summarizes studies reporting radiofrequency radiation (RFR)-associated changes in gene expression across biological systems. Reported affected genes relate to cellular stress responses, oxidative processes, apoptosis, DNA damage detection/repair, protein repair, and neural function regulation. The authors highlight reported gene expression effects at or below 0.4 W/kg SAR and argue this challenges current guideline assumptions, while noting that not all studies find significant effects.

This animal study examined whether prenatal exposure to 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation (2 hours/day) affects male reproductive outcomes later in life. Male rat offspring assessed at 12 months showed multiple adverse testicular and cellular findings in exposed groups versus sham controls, including impaired spermatogenesis markers, increased abnormal sperm morphology, increased DNA damage, and increased apoptosis, with full-gestation exposure generally most pronounced. The authors interpret the results as evidence of persistent reproductive toxicity from prenatal exposure and call for further mechanistic work and precautionary actions.

This rat study tested whether 2600 MHz radiofrequency field exposure interacts with indomethacin to affect gastric tissue. Both exposures alone were reported to increase oxidative stress and reduce antioxidant markers in the stomach. Co-exposure was reported to intensify oxidative stress, apoptosis, and histological gastric mucosal injury compared with either factor alone, consistent with a synergistic detrimental effect in this model.

This rat study examined 60-day RF-EMF exposure at 3.5 GHz and 24 GHz for 1 or 7 hours per day and assessed testicular cytokines, apoptosis-related gene expression, and sperm quality. The authors report changes consistent with altered immune signaling and pro-apoptotic pathways, alongside reduced sperm parameters (frequency- and duration-dependent). The conclusion frames these findings as an EMF safety concern and suggests longer daily exposure worsened negative effects.

This Mendelian randomization study assessed whether duration of mobile phone use is causally related to stroke outcomes using GWAS-derived SNP instruments. The inverse-variance weighted analysis reported a significant increased risk for large artery atherosclerosis (LAAS) with longer mobile phone use duration, while other stroke outcomes showed no significant associations. Sensitivity analyses (including MR-Egger and heterogeneity/asymmetry tests) were reported as suggesting the LAAS finding was robust.

This dosimetric study evaluated whether existing EM safety guidelines protect individuals with conductive implants by assessing implant-related local field enhancements. Across 10 kHz to 1 GHz, the authors report large increases in psSAR10mg and local electric fields near implants, particularly below 100 MHz. In human anatomical models with implants exposed to an 85 kHz wireless power transfer coil and a 450 MHz dipole, the study reports guideline exceedances and elevated psSAR10mg, while the modeled temperature rise at 450 MHz remained under 0.4 K after six minutes. The authors conclude current guidelines are insufficient for people with implants and propose regulatory changes.

This exposure-assessment study evaluated magnetic-field and contact-current exposures from modern induction hobs using IEC-based measurement procedures, 3D field scanning, and numerical dosimetry in anatomical models. It reports large between-hob variability in exposure and states that IEC 62233 may substantially underestimate user exposure. The authors argue that design modifications can reduce exposure and that product standards should be revised to better reflect realistic user scenarios.

This rat study assessed whether alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) modifies liver effects from extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure. ELF-MF exposure (2 mT, 4 hours/day for 30 days) was associated with increased liver pathology and higher apoptosis markers (TUNEL, caspase-3) compared with other groups. ALA reduced several histopathological changes and lowered TUNEL/caspase-3, but did not improve fibrosis or biliary proliferation.

This animal and in vitro study examined non-thermal 900 MHz RF-EMF exposure during prenatal and postnatal development at 0.08 and 0.4 W/kg SAR. The authors report changes consistent with altered neurodevelopment, including reduced BDNF, reduced in vivo cell proliferation, and disrupted synaptic balance in rat pup brain regions. In vitro, exposed neural stem cells showed increased apoptosis and DNA double-strand breaks and shifts in cell populations toward glial lineages. The authors conclude that regulatory-level 900 MHz exposure can disrupt key neurodevelopmental processes in rodents.