Treatment of glioblastoma with tumor-specific amplitude-modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intrabuccal administration of amplitude-modulated 27.12 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (AM RF EMF) resulting in the systemic delivery of low and safe levels of AM RF EMF has shown activity in several forms of cancer. METHODS: Glioblastoma (GB) cell lines were exposed to GB-specific AM RF EMF (GBMF) three hours per day at a level of exposure identical to patients during treatment. Cellular assays and agnostic genomic approaches were used to characterize the mechanism-of-action. One patient with therapy refractory GB received compassionate use treatment with GBMF as well as a second patient with refractory oligodendroglioma. RESULTS: Treatment with GBMF inhibited the proliferation of several GB cell lines. CACNA1H mediates the effect of GBMF. GBMF modulates the "Mitotic Roles of Polo-Like Kinase" pathway resulting in the disruption of GB mitotic spindle. There was evidence of clinical and radiological benefit in a 38-year-old patient with recurrent GB and evidence of safety and feasibility in a 47-year-old patient with oligodendroglioma. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report showing antitumor activity, disruption of the mitotic spindle, activation of the Mitotic Roles of Polo-like kinase pathway in GB. This is also the first report showing feasibility and clinical activity in patients with brain tumor.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

GB-specific amplitude-modulated 27.12 MHz RF EMF exposure inhibited proliferation in several glioblastoma cell lines and was linked to CACNA1H and modulation of the Mitotic Roles of Polo-Like Kinase pathway with mitotic spindle disruption. In compassionate use, there was evidence of clinical and radiological benefit in one recurrent GB patient and evidence of safety and feasibility in one oligodendroglioma patient.

Outcomes measured

• Cell proliferation (GB cell lines)
• Mechanism of action (CACNA1H mediation)
• Pathway modulation (Mitotic Roles of Polo-Like Kinase)
• Mitotic spindle disruption
• Clinical and radiological benefit (recurrent GB patient)
• Safety and feasibility (oligodendroglioma patient)

Limitations

• Study includes in vitro experiments and only two compassionate-use patient cases
• Clinical component lacks controlled design and detailed exposure/treatment duration information in abstract
• Generalisability to broader patient populations is unclear from abstract

{
    "study_type": "other",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": "intrabuccal administration (systemic delivery)",
        "frequency_mhz": 27.120000000000000994759830064140260219573974609375,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "3 hours/day (in vitro exposure); compassionate use in 2 patients (duration not stated)"
    },
    "population": "Glioblastoma (GB) cell lines; 1 patient with recurrent therapy-refractory glioblastoma; 1 patient with refractory oligodendroglioma",
    "sample_size": 2,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell proliferation (GB cell lines)",
        "Mechanism of action (CACNA1H mediation)",
        "Pathway modulation (Mitotic Roles of Polo-Like Kinase)",
        "Mitotic spindle disruption",
        "Clinical and radiological benefit (recurrent GB patient)",
        "Safety and feasibility (oligodendroglioma patient)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "GB-specific amplitude-modulated 27.12 MHz RF EMF exposure inhibited proliferation in several glioblastoma cell lines and was linked to CACNA1H and modulation of the Mitotic Roles of Polo-Like Kinase pathway with mitotic spindle disruption. In compassionate use, there was evidence of clinical and radiological benefit in one recurrent GB patient and evidence of safety and feasibility in one oligodendroglioma patient.",
    "effect_direction": "benefit",
    "limitations": [
        "Study includes in vitro experiments and only two compassionate-use patient cases",
        "Clinical component lacks controlled design and detailed exposure/treatment duration information in abstract",
        "Generalisability to broader patient populations is unclear from abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "very_low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "glioblastoma",
        "oligodendroglioma",
        "amplitude-modulated",
        "radiofrequency electromagnetic fields",
        "27.12 MHz",
        "intrabuccal administration",
        "CACNA1H",
        "Polo-like kinase pathway",
        "mitotic spindle",
        "compassionate use"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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