[Autoimmune processes after long-term low-level exposure to electromagnetic fields (the results of an experiment). Part 4. Manifestation of oxidative intracellular stress-reaction after long-term non-thermal EMF exposure of rats].

Abstract

This paper presents the results of the study of the effects of long-term low-level exposure of rats to microwaves. Rats were exposed in far field to 2450 MHz continuous wave fields providing an incident power density at the cages of 500 microW/cm2 for 7 hours daily for a total of 30 days resulting in a whole-body SAR of 0.16 +/- 0.04 W/kg. Three groups ("EMF-exposure", "sham-exposure" and cage-control) were formed, each consisting of 16 rats. Circulating antibodies (IgA, IgG and IgM) directed against 16 chemical substances were evaluated in coded serum from each group of rats by enzyme multiplied analysis (ELISA test). An increased amount of compounds resulting from interaction of amino acids with nitric oxide (NO) or its derivatives (NO2-Tyrosine, NO-Arginine, NO-Cysteine + NO-Bovine Serum Albumin, NJ-Methionine + NO-Asparagine + No-Histidine, NO-BTrypnohan + NJ-Tyrosin), fatty acids with small chains, hydroxylated fatty acids, palmitic/myristic/oleic acid, AZE (product of oxidation of fatty acids) was found in blood serum from EMF-exposed rats. As a rule, antibodies to conjugated antigens were seen for IgM, rarely seen for IgG and were completely absent for IgA. The levels of antibodies were higher on day 7 after the exposure compared to those on day 14 after the exposure.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Rats exposed to 2450 MHz microwaves at 0.16 W/kg SAR for 7 hours daily over 30 days showed increased levels of oxidation products and antibodies, especially IgM, in blood serum. Antibody levels were higher at day 7 post-exposure than at day 14.

Outcomes measured

• levels of circulating antibodies IgA, IgG, IgM against chemical substances
• compounds from interaction of amino acids with nitric oxide derivatives
• oxidation products of fatty acids in blood serum

Limitations

• study conducted on rats, limiting direct human applicability
• only one exposure frequency and power density tested
• no functional or clinical outcomes reported

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 2450,
        "sar_wkg": 0.1600000000000000033306690738754696212708950042724609375,
        "duration": "7 hours daily for 30 days"
    },
    "population": "rats",
    "sample_size": 48,
    "outcomes": [
        "levels of circulating antibodies IgA, IgG, IgM against chemical substances",
        "compounds from interaction of amino acids with nitric oxide derivatives",
        "oxidation products of fatty acids in blood serum"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Rats exposed to 2450 MHz microwaves at 0.16 W/kg SAR for 7 hours daily over 30 days showed increased levels of oxidation products and antibodies, especially IgM, in blood serum. Antibody levels were higher at day 7 post-exposure than at day 14.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "study conducted on rats, limiting direct human applicability",
        "only one exposure frequency and power density tested",
        "no functional or clinical outcomes reported"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.5,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "microwave",
        "oxidative stress",
        "autoimmune response",
        "rats",
        "low-level exposure",
        "antibodies",
        "SAR"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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