Static magnetic fields as a factor in modification of tissue and cell structure: a review

PAPER manual International Agrophysics 2024 Review Effect: mixed Evidence: Insufficient

Read original paper → DOI: 10.31545/intagr/176998 Evidence Lab

Abstract

Static magnetic fields as a factor in modification of tissue and cell structure: a review Saletnik BA, Puchalska-Sarna A, Saletnik A, Lipa T, Dobrzański B, Puchalski C. Static magnetic fields as a factor in modification of tissue and cell structure: a review. Int. Agrophys. 2024;38(1):43-75. doi:10.31545/intagr/176998. Highlights • The static magnetic field (SMF) is an indispensable factor in the natural environment. • A moderate SMF in the most commonly used range of 2–80 mT has a potential application in the formation and re-modeling of plants and animals, including human cells. • SMFs can significantly change the potential of the cell membrane, and thus can have a significant impact on the properties of the cell. Abstract This review is intended to contribute to the evidence of the effects of static magnetic field on cells and tissue, as well as to present research results that will elucidate the complex matters involved in the formation and remodeling of cells. The cell characteristics studied in the papers that are reviewed include cell viability and proliferation, aggregation and their differentiation, structure and membrane potential. A moderate static magnetic field in the most commonly used range of 2-80 mT has potential application in the formation and remodeling of plant and human cells. However, in the case of cancer cells, the range of fields commonly used was 0.2-9 T. Magnetism promotes changes in plant cell growth, which prompts the cell to proliferate, thereby ensuring an increased rate of biomass production. Some research presented the enhancement of the differentiation of plant cells and skeletal muscle tissue by over 30% at 80 mT static magnetic field. Changes in the cell cycle and growth reflect directly on the cell number and viability and provide useful information to detect modifications in the cell machinery. Static magnetic field, depending on its intensity, enhances cell proliferation and thus may improve, among other processes, tissue regeneration, wound healing and the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Researchers showed, among other things, that cells under the influence of static magnetic field changed their shape, had a larger chloroplast, stiffer cell wall, density of the cytoskeleton and cytoplasm contained several mitochondria. Numerous studies also discussed the behavior of the cell membrane of plant and animal organisms, including humans, under the influence of a static magnetic field. The effects of static magnetic field on the cell membrane of plant and human cells were similar. The research results indicate that static magnetic fields can significantly change membrane depolarization and its potential that regulates ion movement and thus can have a significant impact on the properties and biological functionality of the cell. Studies have shown that continuous application of static magnetic field caused deformation and damage of cell membrane. Based on the theoretical analyses presented also in this review, it can be concluded that static magnetic field affects cells and tissue, giving them changes in properties and behaviors and modulates, e.g. in the activity of ion channels. Thus it may produce effects leading to changes in the functioning of the cell. It is possible to formulate directions for further research aimed at using static magnetic fields for the non-invasive remodeling and formation of plant and human cells. Open access paper: international-agrophysics.org modification-of-tissue-and-cell-structure-a,176998,0,2.html

AI evidence extraction

At a glance

Study type

Review

Effect direction

mixed

Population

—

Sample size

—

Exposure

ELF other · continuous application (mentioned; not quantified)

Evidence strength

Insufficient

Confidence: 66% · Peer-reviewed: unknown

Main findings

This review summarizes studies reporting that static magnetic fields (commonly 2–80 mT; and 0.2–9 T in cancer-cell studies) can alter cell and tissue properties including membrane potential/depolarization, proliferation, differentiation, and morphology in plant and human cells. It also notes reports that continuous SMF exposure caused deformation and damage of the cell membrane, and that effects depend on field intensity.

Outcomes measured

cell viability
cell proliferation
cell aggregation
cell differentiation
cell structure
cell membrane potential/depolarization
cell cycle
cell shape/morphology (e.g., chloroplast size, cell wall stiffness, cytoskeleton density, mitochondria)
tissue regeneration
wound healing
cancer cell proliferation inhibition
cell membrane deformation/damage
ion movement/ion channel activity (modulation)

Limitations

Review article; no methods for study selection, quality appraisal, or synthesis are described in the provided abstract.
Heterogeneous exposure intensities are described (2–80 mT; 0.2–9 T for cancer cells), limiting direct comparability.
Duration and exposure conditions are not quantified in the provided abstract.

View raw extracted JSON

{
    "study_type": "review",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": "other",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "continuous application (mentioned; not quantified)"
    },
    "population": null,
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "cell viability",
        "cell proliferation",
        "cell aggregation",
        "cell differentiation",
        "cell structure",
        "cell membrane potential/depolarization",
        "cell cycle",
        "cell shape/morphology (e.g., chloroplast size, cell wall stiffness, cytoskeleton density, mitochondria)",
        "tissue regeneration",
        "wound healing",
        "cancer cell proliferation inhibition",
        "cell membrane deformation/damage",
        "ion movement/ion channel activity (modulation)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "This review summarizes studies reporting that static magnetic fields (commonly 2–80 mT; and 0.2–9 T in cancer-cell studies) can alter cell and tissue properties including membrane potential/depolarization, proliferation, differentiation, and morphology in plant and human cells. It also notes reports that continuous SMF exposure caused deformation and damage of the cell membrane, and that effects depend on field intensity.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "Review article; no methods for study selection, quality appraisal, or synthesis are described in the provided abstract.",
        "Heterogeneous exposure intensities are described (2–80 mT; 0.2–9 T for cancer cells), limiting direct comparability.",
        "Duration and exposure conditions are not quantified in the provided abstract."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
    "confidence": 0.66000000000000003108624468950438313186168670654296875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
    "keywords": [
        "static magnetic field",
        "SMF",
        "cells",
        "tissue",
        "membrane potential",
        "depolarization",
        "proliferation",
        "differentiation",
        "plant cells",
        "human cells",
        "cancer cells",
        "ion channels",
        "morphology"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract/metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.

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