Proteomic Characterization of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to a 50 Hz Magnetic Field

{
    "publication_year": 2025,
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 0.05000000000000000277555756156289135105907917022705078125,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "24 hours"
    },
    "population": "Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from three human subjects",
    "sample_size": 3,
    "outcomes": [
        "Proteomic/protein expression changes in PBMCs",
        "Cell proliferation",
        "Cell viability",
        "Cell cycle progression",
        "Markers related to cellular metabolic processes",
        "Proteins linked to T cell costimulation/activation and immune system processes"
    ],
    "main_findings": "PBMCs exposed to a 50 Hz, 1 mT magnetic field for 24 hours showed altered expression of multiple proteins compared with unexposed cells from the same individuals. The abstract reports no observed effects on proliferation, viability, or cell cycle progression, while describing upregulation of proteins associated with metabolic processes (including consistent upregulation of SLC25A4) and downregulation of proteins linked to T cell costimulation/activation and immune processes.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro study (PBMC culture), limiting direct inference to in vivo human health outcomes",
        "Very small donor sample (three subjects)",
        "Exposure conditions limited to a single frequency (50 Hz), intensity (1 mT), and duration (24 hours)"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "stance": "concern",
    "stance_confidence": 0.66000000000000003108624468950438313186168670654296875,
    "summary": "This in vitro study compared proteomic profiles of PBMCs from three human donors after 24-hour exposure to a 50 Hz, 1 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field versus unexposed cells. The abstract reports broad protein expression changes, including upregulation of proteins associated with metabolic processes and downregulation of proteins linked to T cell costimulation/activation and immune processes. No effects were observed on cell proliferation, viability, or cell cycle progression. The authors interpret the proteomic shifts as metabolic reprogramming with potential implications for immune regulation.",
    "key_points": [
        "PBMCs from three human subjects were exposed in vitro to a 50 Hz, 1 mT magnetic field for 24 hours and compared with unexposed controls from the same individuals.",
        "The abstract reports altered expression of multiple proteins following ELF-MF exposure.",
        "No effects were observed on PBMC proliferation, viability, or cell cycle progression under the studied conditions.",
        "Fifty-one proteins were reported as upregulated, with many associated with cellular metabolic processes.",
        "SLC25A4, involved in mitochondrial energy exchange, was consistently upregulated.",
        "Sixty-seven proteins were reported as downregulated, many linked to T cell costimulation/activation and immune system processes.",
        "The authors conclude the pattern reflects metabolic reprogramming alongside reduced expression of immune-activation-related proteins."
    ],
    "categories": [
        "ELF Magnetic Fields",
        "In Vitro",
        "Immunology",
        "Molecular/Omics"
    ],
    "tags": [
        "ELF-MF",
        "50 Hz",
        "1 mT",
        "PBMC",
        "Proteomics",
        "Protein Expression",
        "Metabolic Reprogramming",
        "Mitochondrial Proteins",
        "Immune Activation",
        "T Cell Costimulation",
        "Cell Viability",
        "Cell Proliferation",
        "Cell Cycle"
    ],
    "keywords": [
        "extremely low-frequency magnetic fields",
        "ELF-MF",
        "50 Hz",
        "1 mT",
        "peripheral blood mononuclear cells",
        "PBMC",
        "proteomics",
        "protein expression",
        "metabolic processes",
        "mitochondrial energy exchange",
        "SLC25A4",
        "T cell costimulation"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [],
    "social": {
        "tweet": "In vitro study: human PBMCs (3 donors) exposed to 50 Hz, 1 mT for 24h showed broad proteomic changes—metabolic/mitochondrial proteins up and immune-activation-related proteins down—without changes in viability, proliferation, or cell cycle. (Int J Mol Sci, 2025)",
        "facebook": "A 2025 in vitro study exposed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from three donors to a 50 Hz, 1 mT magnetic field for 24 hours. The authors report measurable proteomic shifts (metabolic/mitochondrial proteins up; immune-activation-related proteins down) while observing no changes in cell viability, proliferation, or cell cycle progression.",
        "linkedin": "International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2025): Proteomic profiling of human PBMCs (3 donors) after 24h exposure to a 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF magnetic field reported altered expression of multiple proteins—upregulation of metabolic/mitochondrial pathways (incl. SLC25A4) and downregulation of immune-activation-related proteins—without effects on viability, proliferation, or cell cycle."
    }
}

AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.