Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on glioblastoma cells (U -118 MG)

Abstract

Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on glioblastoma cells (U -118 MG) Nowak-Terpiłowska A, Górski R, Marszałek M, Wosiński S, Przesmycki R, Bugaj M, Nowosielski L, Baranowski M, Zeyland J. Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on glioblastoma cells (U -118 MG). Ann Agric Environ Med. 2023 Dec 22;30(4):763-772. Abstract Introduction and objective: Mobile phones and Wi-Fi are the most commonly used forms of telecommunications. Initiated with the first generation, the mobile telephony is currently in its fifth generation without being screened extensively for any biological effects that it may have on humans or on animals. Some studies indicate that high frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted by mobile phone and Wi-Fi connection can have a negative effect upon human health, and can cause cancer, including brain tumour. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on the proliferation and morphology of normal (human embryonic kidney cell line Hek-293) and cancer cells (glioblastoma cell line U-118 MG). Material and methods: The cell cultures were incubated in RF-EMF at the frequency of 2.4 GHz, with or without dielectric screen, for 24, 48 and 72h. In order to analyse the influence of the electromagnetic field on cell lines, Cytotoxicity test Cell Counting Kit-8 was performed. To protect cells against emission of the electromagnetic field, a dielectric screen was used. Results: It was found that 2.4 GHz RF electromagnetic field exposure caused a significant decrease in viability of U-118 MG and Hek-293 cells. The impact of the electromagnetic field was strongest in the case of cancer cells, and the decrease in their survival was much greater compared to the healthy (normal) cells of the Hek-293 line. Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that using a radio frequency electromagnetic field (2.4 GHz) has a clearly negative effect on the metabolic activity of glioblastoma cells. RF-EMF has much less impact on reducing the viability of normal cells (Hek -293) than cancer cells. Open access paper: aaem.pl glioblastoma-cells,176405,0,2.html

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Exposure to 2.4 GHz RF-EMF for 24–72 hours was associated with a significant decrease in viability in both U-118 MG glioblastoma cells and Hek-293 cells. The reported reduction in survival/viability was stronger in the cancer cell line than in the normal cell line.

Outcomes measured

• Cell viability/metabolic activity (Cell Counting Kit-8 cytotoxicity assay)
• Cell proliferation
• Cell morphology

Limitations

• No sample size reported in the provided abstract/metadata
• Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in the provided abstract/metadata
• Details of morphology/proliferation results not provided in the provided abstract/metadata
• In vitro cell-line study; generalizability to humans not addressed in the provided abstract/metadata

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": "Wi-Fi",
        "frequency_mhz": 2400,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "24, 48 and 72h"
    },
    "population": "Cell cultures: glioblastoma cell line U-118 MG and normal human embryonic kidney cell line Hek-293",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell viability/metabolic activity (Cell Counting Kit-8 cytotoxicity assay)",
        "Cell proliferation",
        "Cell morphology"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Exposure to 2.4 GHz RF-EMF for 24–72 hours was associated with a significant decrease in viability in both U-118 MG glioblastoma cells and Hek-293 cells. The reported reduction in survival/viability was stronger in the cancer cell line than in the normal cell line.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "No sample size reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
        "Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
        "Details of morphology/proliferation results not provided in the provided abstract/metadata",
        "In vitro cell-line study; generalizability to humans not addressed in the provided abstract/metadata"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "2.4 GHz",
        "RF-EMF",
        "Wi-Fi",
        "mobile phones",
        "glioblastoma",
        "U-118 MG",
        "Hek-293",
        "cell viability",
        "metabolic activity",
        "Cell Counting Kit-8",
        "dielectric screen"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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