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This study investigated how laboratory bacterial strains and skin bacterial isolates respond to static magnetic fields and radiofrequency EMF described as cell phone-level exposure. The authors report variable and inconsistent growth responses across species and across isolates from four subjects. They propose that…

An in vitro study examined red blood cells exposed to an 18 GHz electromagnetic field and assessed uptake of nanospheres. The authors report that EMF exposure enabled nanosphere uptake into RBCs, with different translocation behavior for 23.5 nm versus 46.3 nm particles. Uptake was reported to increase with higher…

This in vitro study exposed rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to 50 Hz, 20 mT ELF-EMF for 30 minutes per day over 21 days, with and without zinc sulfate. The authors report ELF-EMF exposure decreased TERT gene expression and increased senescent cells. Zinc sulfate was reported to increase TERT expression and…

This in vitro study evaluated adult murine neural stem cells exposed to GSM 900-MHz radiofrequency emissions from a mobile phone across different exposure durations. The authors report significant decreases in neurosphere number/size and neuronal differentiation with increasing exposure duration. They report no…

This animal study exposed Eisenia fetida earthworms to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields at 10–120 V/m for 2 hours (with additional tests of longer exposure, modulation, and recovery). The authors report significant DNA modifications across exposure treatments and a decrease in probe hybridisation sites persisting after…

This mouse study examined whether 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field exposure affects working memory and hippocampal electrophysiology. The authors report reduced Y-maze working memory performance after 3 days of EMF exposure, accompanied by decreased hippocampal firing rates. They also report reduced theta and…

This animal study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) from a high-voltage source alter trace element concentrations in rat teeth and whether antioxidants (melatonin and glutathione) modify these changes. Rats were exposed 8 hours/day for 26 or 52 days, with separate sham…

This animal study exposed Trichoplusia ni larvae to 60 Hz, 2.0 mT ELF-EMF for 24, 48, or 72 hours and assessed immune parameters and fertility. The abstract reports no effect on life cycle and fertility after 24 hours, but several immune-related measures changed after 48–72 hours, including reduced hemolymph protein…

This in vitro study assessed whether RF-EMF exposure from a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone simulator and a 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router alters bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. The authors report significant changes in inhibition zone diameters and bacterial growth rate after exposure. They also describe an exposure window…

This double-blind randomized controlled study enrolled 61 healthy teenagers and compared 15 minutes of mobile phone exposure with the phone ON at the right ear versus a phone OFF condition. The study reports significant reductions in EPI-measured "subtle energy levels" in the ON group versus OFF across multiple…

This in vitro study exposed human microvascular endothelial cells to high-power microwave radiation at multiple power densities for 6 minutes and assessed cellular injury and cytoskeletal outcomes. The authors report dose-dependent injury from microwave exposure, including increased LDH leakage and reduced viability…