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Transcriptomic Analysis of Gene Expression and Effect of Electromagnetic Field in Brain Tissue after Traumatic Brain Injury.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This pilot animal study used a Yucatan miniswine model of traumatic brain injury with and without EMF stimulation to examine differential gene expression in injured versus non-injured cortex tissue. The authors report multiple differentially expressed genes linked to immune infiltration, myelination, oxidative stress…

Comparison of pulsed and continuous electromagnetic field generated by WPT system on human dermal and neural cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This in vitro study tested electromagnetic fields generated by a prototype wireless power transfer (wireless charging) system on four human dermal and neural cell lines. Across pulsed and continuous exposure conditions, the authors report no negative effects on morphology/cytoskeleton, viability/mitosis,…

Effects of prenatal mobile phone radiation exposure on MMP9 expression: Implications for inflammation, oxidative stress, and sensory-motor impairment after neonatal hypoxia- ischemia in rats

Research RF Safe Research Library Oct 13, 2023

This animal study examined whether prenatal mobile phone RF exposure affects brain injury markers and outcomes after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats. The HI/Exposure group showed higher MMP-9 expression along with increased inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, larger infarct volume and edema, and worse…

Effect of soil pH on thermally enhanced desorption of m-xylene by zero-valent iron particles under an electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This laboratory/engineering study evaluated thermally enhanced desorption of m-xylene from soil using heat generated by zero-valent iron (ZVI) under low-frequency electromagnetic fields. The abstract reports rapid heating (to ~60°C in 20 minutes) and substantially lower residual m-xylene after 60 minutes versus soil…

Osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields on stem cells derived from rat bone marrow cultured in osteogenic medium versus conditioned medium in vitro.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested whether ELF-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 1 mT; 30 min/day) influences osteogenic differentiation markers in rat bone-marrow-derived stem cells cultured in osteogenic medium or in human adipose-stem cell-conditioned medium. The OM + EMF condition showed higher ALP activity and higher Runx2 and Ocn…

Comment on Redmayne, M.; Maisch, D.R. ICNIRP Guidelines' Exposure Assessment Method for 5G Millimetre Wave Radiation May Trigger Adverse Effects. 2023, , 5267.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This commentary critiques a prior paper claiming that Brillouin precursors from 5G NR and other cellular systems could cause tissue damage deeper than the carrier-frequency penetration depth. It states that the original Brillouin precursor theory was based on nanosecond ultrawide-band RF pulses in water and that this…

Lipoic acid inhibits cognitive impairment induced by multiple cell phones in young male rats: role of Sirt1 and Atg7 pathway.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study examined whether lipoic acid modifies cognitive and hippocampal effects in young male rats exposed to EMF emitted from multiple cell phones. The authors report improved learning performance but impaired long-term memory consolidation after EMF exposure, alongside changes in hippocampal…

Sex-dependent impact of perinatal 5G electromagnetic field exposure in the adolescent rat behavior.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study examined daily perinatal 5G EMF exposure in rats at the ICNIRP whole-body public exposure limit (maternal SAR 0.07 W/kg) from gestational day 8 to post-natal day 21. The authors report a 1-day delay in incisor eruption in both sexes and sex-dependent changes in stereotyped behavior in the open field…

The Use of Induction Sensors and Helmet-Based Shielding Technology to Identify Differences in Electromagnetic Fields in Patients With Cranial Neurological Disease Versus Healthy Controls.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This observational study used induction sensors with a Mu-metal and copper mesh shielded helmet to measure cortically generated EMFs in patients with cranial neurological disease and compare patterns to previously obtained healthy control data. Fourteen patients (ages 14–81) were analyzed and compared with four…

The Effect of Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on the Differentiation of Permanent Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblasts.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study exposed dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells to 50 Hz pulsed electromagnetic fields at 0.5 or 1 mT for 20 or 40 minutes per day over seven days. Cell survival/proliferation was generally higher than control across exposure groups, except for the 40 minutes/day at 1 mT condition. DMP1 expression was…

Human osteosarcoma cells in response to ELF-MF: Morphological remodeling compared to cell proliferation.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study exposed human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells to 2 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields with sinusoidal, triangular, or pulsed waveforms under continuous (3 h) or fractionated (3 days) conditions. The authors report significant decreases in proliferation and shape index in exposed cells versus…

A Swine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects of Neuronally Generated Electromagnetic Fields and Electromagnetic Field Stimulation on Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Changes.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal feasibility study evaluated whether real-time measured, targeted sinusoidal EMF stimulation could normalize traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related changes in neuronally generated EMF patterns. In one Yucatan miniswine with controlled cortical impact, AI modeling distinguished pre-injury, post-injury, and…

A Novel and Versatile Microfluidic Device for Cell Assays under Radio Frequency Exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study describes a microfluidic device integrated with a radiofrequency exposure system to enable on-chip monitoring of cellular responses under a 1.8 GHz field. Using human amniotic epithelial cells, the authors report field-intensity-associated increases in protrusions/filopodia, changes in…

A Swine Model of Changes in the Neuronal Electromagnetic Field After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This pilot swine study evaluated whether non-contact proprietary induction sensors in a Mu-metal/copper mesh helmet can measure endogenous neuronal EMF signals before and after controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury. The authors report that swine EMF recordings were distinguishable from room noise and…

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation (ELF-EMS) Improves Neurological Outcome and Reduces Microglial Reactivity in a Rodent Model of Global Transient Stroke.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal and laboratory study evaluated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation (ELF-EMS) in a rodent ischemia-reperfusion stroke model and related in vitro/slice experiments. The authors report improved neurological and behavioral outcomes, increased neuronal survival, and reduced glial/microglial…

Effect of electromagnetic fields from renewable energy subsea power cables on righting reflex and physiological response of coastal invertebrates.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This study examined whether electromagnetic fields (EMF) similar to those from offshore renewable subsea export cables affect coastal invertebrates. It simulated a 500 μT EMF and measured righting reflex and selected physiological markers in four species. The authors report no significant behavioural or physiological…

Cellular Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Field in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This paper reviews literature from 1980–2023 on the role of electromagnetic fields as a therapy for traumatic brain injury and brain neuropathology. It reports that existing findings suggest electromagnetic therapy may be a promising non-invasive treatment approach. The authors emphasize that current evidence is…

Ameliorative effects of crocin against electromagnetic field-induced oxidative stress and liver and kidney injuries in mice.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This mouse experiment evaluated whether crocin (50 mg/kg) mitigates liver and kidney injury associated with 2100 MHz electromagnetic field exposure. EMF exposure was associated with increased serum markers of kidney and liver injury, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, and histopathological/ultrastructural changes…

Synergistic cytotoxic effects of an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field with doxorubicin on MCF-7 cell line.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested whether a 50 Hz, 20 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) enhances the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The authors report that combining ELF-EMF with low-dose DOX reduced cell viability at lower DOX concentrations than DOX…

Electromagnetic fields ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress: potential role of CaMKKβ/AMPK/SREBP-1c and Nrf2 pathways.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study examined EMF exposure in a mouse high-fat diet model of NAFLD. The authors report that EMF exposure reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and markers of oxidative stress, alongside changes consistent with activation of CaMKKβ/AMPK and Nrf2-related signaling. The abstract concludes EMF could be a…

Electromagnetic Fields Literature Analysis for Precision Medicine.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This paper describes a literature-mining analysis of more than 30,000 EMF-related publications to extract genes, diseases, and molecular mechanisms linked to EMF exposure across six EMF subsets. The authors report identifying 3,653 unique disease MeSH terms and 9,966 unique genes, including 4,340 human genes. The…

Advanced Radio Frequency Applicators for Thermal Magnetic Resonance Theranostics of Brain Tumors.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This engineering/simulation study evaluates RF applicator array designs for Thermal Magnetic Resonance (ThermalMR), which combines MRI with RF hyperthermia for brain tumor theranostics. Using EMF and temperature simulations at 7.0 T, 9.4 T, and 10.5 T, hybrid loop+SGBT dipole arrays are reported to provide superior…

Low-energy amplitude-modulated electromagnetic field exposure: Feasibility study in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This single-site feasibility trial evaluated repeated 90-minute amplitude-modulated EMF exposure (AutEMdev) in 66 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The primary focus was safety and hemodynamic variability during exposure, with exploratory outcomes including quality of life, survival, and tumor…

Exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field induces a response of the honey bee organism on the level of enzyme activity and the expression of stress-related genes.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study exposed one-day-old worker honey bees to 900 MHz RF-EMF at 12, 28, or 61 V/m for 15 minutes, 1 hour, or 3 hours, with an unexposed control group. The authors report changes in hemolymph enzyme activity and in expression of several stress-related genes following exposure. They state the pattern…

50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure Inhibited Spontaneous Movement of Zebrafish Larvae through ROS-Mediated syn2a Expression.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This zebrafish study exposed embryos to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 100–800 μT for 1 h or 24 h daily over 5 days. The authors report no changes in hatching, mortality, or malformation rates, but report reduced spontaneous movement at 200 μT along with brain histological abnormalities. They also report increased ROS and…

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