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Effects of website-based risk communication of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields on general public.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This study assessed whether website-based risk communication changes public attitudes and objective knowledge about RF-EMFs using three web surveys over 10 weeks with randomized assignment to control groups at later time points. Four attitude clusters were identified, with the anxious cluster showing reduced…

Comprehensive Analysis of Magnetic Flux Density and RF-EMF Exposure in Electric Buses: A Case Study from Samsun, Turkey.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This case study measured magnetic flux density and RF-EMF on electric buses on two routes in Samsun, Turkey, across different driving conditions and times of day. It reports route- and condition-dependent variability in magnetic fields, with braking associated with higher readings on one route, and lower overall…

Investigating the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on molecular pathways related to insulin resistance and adipogenesis in zebrafish embryos - A pilot study without quantitative exposure metrics.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This pilot animal study exposed zebrafish embryos to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 30 or 60 minutes per day until 96 hours post-fertilization and assessed gene expression and physiological endpoints. The authors report reduced expression of lepa, ins, and pparg, changes in oxidative stress markers consistent with increased…

Evaluation of electric field (E) exposure levels and its relationship with the sleep quality of residents around the BTS antennas in Sabzevar, Iran.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This study measured RF electric field exposure around BTS antennas in Sabzevar, Iran across multiple times and distances, and assessed residents' sleep quality. E-field levels varied by time, distance, and suburban versus downtown location, while microenvironment differences were not significant. Sleep quality…

Investigation of the neuroprotective effect of crocin against electromagnetic field-induced cerebellar damage in male Balb/c mice.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This animal study exposed male Balb/c mice to 2100 MHz EMF for 120 minutes/day over 30 days and assessed cerebellar cortex outcomes. EMF exposure was associated with reduced astrocyte diameter and increased GFAP expression, while Purkinje cell size was not significantly changed. Crocin (50 mg/kg) given with EMF…

Heating of metallic orthodontic devices during anti-aging treatment with vacuum and electromagnetic fields: In vitro study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2024

This in vitro study evaluated heating of metallic orthodontic brackets/wires during an anti-aging treatment combining vacuum and electromagnetic fields (V-EMF). Using 20 resin-mouth setups covered with porcine muscle tissue, both beta-titanium and nickel-titanium wire groups showed about a 1.1°C temperature rise by…

Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) on glioblastoma cells (U -118 MG).

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study exposed glioblastoma (U-118 MG) and human embryonic kidney (Hek-293) cells to 2.4 GHz RF-EMF for 24–72 hours, with or without a dielectric screen. The authors report a significant decrease in cell viability after exposure in both cell lines. The decrease was described as greater in glioblastoma…

Comment on Redmayne, M.; Maisch, D.R. ICNIRP Guidelines' Exposure Assessment Method for 5G Millimetre Wave Radiation May Trigger Adverse Effects. 2023, , 5267.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This commentary critiques a prior paper claiming that Brillouin precursors from 5G NR and other cellular systems could cause tissue damage deeper than the carrier-frequency penetration depth. It states that the original Brillouin precursor theory was based on nanosecond ultrawide-band RF pulses in water and that this…

Assessing the effect of selenium on cyclin D1 level and nuclear factor kappa b activity in NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells at 2100 MHz electromagnetic field exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study examined NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells exposed to 2100 MHz EMF and evaluated cell viability, cyclin D1, and NF-κB activity, with and without 200 nM selenium. The abstract reports reduced cell viability and increased cyclin D1 and NF-κB activity after EMF exposure. Selenium supplementation was reported…

A Novel and Versatile Microfluidic Device for Cell Assays under Radio Frequency Exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study describes a microfluidic device integrated with a radiofrequency exposure system to enable on-chip monitoring of cellular responses under a 1.8 GHz field. Using human amniotic epithelial cells, the authors report field-intensity-associated increases in protrusions/filopodia, changes in…

Low-energy amplitude-modulated electromagnetic field exposure: Feasibility study in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This single-site feasibility trial evaluated repeated 90-minute amplitude-modulated EMF exposure (AutEMdev) in 66 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The primary focus was safety and hemodynamic variability during exposure, with exploratory outcomes including quality of life, survival, and tumor…

Exposure to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field induces a response of the honey bee organism on the level of enzyme activity and the expression of stress-related genes.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study exposed one-day-old worker honey bees to 900 MHz RF-EMF at 12, 28, or 61 V/m for 15 minutes, 1 hour, or 3 hours, with an unexposed control group. The authors report changes in hemolymph enzyme activity and in expression of several stress-related genes following exposure. They state the pattern…

Electromagnetic fields - do they pose a cardiovascular risk?

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This study assessed short-term autonomic cardiac responses to RF EMF exposure using HRV metrics in 30 healthy young adults. During 2400 MHz (Wi-Fi) exposure applied to the chest for 5 minutes, HF-HRV decreased and the sympathetic-related 0V% index increased compared with 2600 MHz (4G) exposure, while RR intervals did…

Evidences of the (400 MHz - 3 GHz) radiofrequency electromagnetic field influence on brain tumor induction.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This review discusses whether radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (400 MHz–3 GHz), particularly from mobile phones, influence brain tumor induction. The abstract describes epidemiological evidence as supporting a causal association, highlighting statistically significant ipsilateral tumor findings. It also claims…

Comment on: What is the radiation before 5G? A correlation study between measurements in situ and in real time and epidemiological indicators in Vallecas, Madrid, by I. López, N. Félix, M. Rivera, A. Alonso, and C. Maestú.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This article is a comment on a previously published correlation study assessing whether RF-EMF exposure relates to survey-based health indicators such as sleep, headache, and fatigue. The authors state they performed a detailed analysis of the original study and offer clarifications. The abstract does not provide the…

Enhancement of Fungal Enzyme Production by Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether a 2 GHz RF-EMF exposure could enhance enzyme production in a filamentous fungus. A 10-minute exposure was reported to increase extracellular total protein and α-amylase activity in culture media versus controls, alongside increased α-amylase mRNA and changes consistent with…

PIXE analysis of iron in rabbit cerebellum after exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study assessed iron in rabbit cerebellum after exposure to real GSM and generated RF electromagnetic fields using ICP MS and PIXE. ICP MS found no significant differences in overall iron concentration between exposed and control groups. PIXE reported focal iron accumulation up to about 3 mm, with the…

Cardiac Cell Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Focus on Oxdative Stress and Apoptosis.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study assessed whether 915 MHz RF-EMF exposure alters oxidative stress and apoptosis markers in cardiac cells and mouse heart tissue. The authors report no statistically significant differences in apoptotic profile, antioxidant capacity, tissue integrity, or expression of apoptosis/antioxidant genes after…

Physiological changes and symptoms associated with short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields: a randomized crossover provocation study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This randomized blinded crossover provocation study compared short-term RF-EMF exposure mimicking mobile phone base stations versus sham in people with IEI-EMF and controls. Symptom reporting and physiological measures (blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability) were similar between provocation and sham…

Evaluation of Cell Migration and Cytokines Expression Changes under the Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing In Vitro Model.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study evaluated whether radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure could influence wound-healing-related processes. The authors report increased keratinocyte migration and changes in expression of wound-healing genes, including MMPs, TIMPs, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines. The abstract…

Morphological and cytophysiological changes in selected lines of normal and cancer human cells under the influence of a radio-frequency electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study exposed human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells to 2.5 GHz RF-EMF for 24, 48, and 72 hours and assessed viability and morphology. The authors report decreased viability in fibroblasts and increased viability in prostate cancer cells after exposure, while morphology showed no significant…

Morphometric analysis - effect of the radiofrequency interface of electromagnetic field on the size of hatched Dermacentor reticulatus larvae.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This animal study examined whether exposing Dermacentor reticulatus tick eggs to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 30, 60, or 90 minutes affects the size of hatched larvae. The authors report that the 60-minute exposure group produced larvae with larger measurements across four body traits compared with unexposed controls and other…

Modulation of Crystallinity through Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in PLLA/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composites: A Proof of Concept.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This materials proof-of-concept study explored using radiofrequency EMF to heat magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in PLLA to modulate polymer properties. Heating was monitored by infrared camera, and polymer changes were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry and nanoindentation. The authors report that EMF…

Nonionizing Electromagnetic Field: A Promising Alternative for Growing Control Yeast.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This laboratory study examined radiofrequency EMF exposure between 1 and 5.9 GHz as a method to control yeast growth relevant to food spoilage. The authors report reduced yeast viability at all tested frequencies and note that antenna-to-sample distance affected the outcome. Electron microscopy findings are described…

and Exposed to Wi-Fi Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Show Enhanced Growth and Lactic Acid Production.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2020

This in vitro experimental study exposed two Lactobacillus probiotic cultures to 2.4 GHz Wi‑Fi RF-EMF from a router for 15–60 minutes and compared them with sham-exposed controls. The authors report increased bacterial growth after 30–60 minutes of exposure, with no growth difference at 15 minutes. Lactic acid…

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