Study type: review

Med Hypotheses · 2004 · Manual

This article proposes a possible association between fetal or neonatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation and increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders. The abstract presents this as a hypothesis based on temporal correlation and does not report original experimental or epidemiological results.

DOI: 10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00309-8 · PMID: 14962625

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14962625/

Study type: review

Curr Opin Chem Eng · 2021 · Manual

The article discusses next-generation water treatment approaches that use nanomaterials to harness energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, enabling electrified and solar-based technologies. It emphasizes embedding nanomaterials onto/into reactor surfaces and applying external energy sources to replace chemically intensive legacy water treatment technologies.

DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100709 · PMID: 34804780

Study URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8597955/

Study type: animal

Biomaterials · 2023 · PubMed

Bioluminescence photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) using BRET conjugates of Chlorin e6 and Renilla reniformis luciferase produced effective targeted cancer cell killing. In an orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer, BL-PDT showed strong therapeutic effects on large primary tumors and, for early-stage tumors, complete remission and prevention of metastasis.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122079 · PMID: 36889146

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36889146/

Study type: animal

Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023 · PubMed

Glutamate-induced biophotonic activities were significantly reduced and showed a spectral blueshift in synaptosomes and brain slices from AD and VaD model animals. These changes were partially reversed by pre-perfusion with ifenprodil, a GluN2B-containing NMDAR antagonist.

DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1208274 · PMID: 37727319

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37727319/

Study type: in_vitro

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 · PubMed

The study reports a first measurement campaign of ultraweak photon emissions (biophotons) from cultured astrocytes and glioblastoma cells using two ultra-sensitive setups. Statistical analyses showed separation between cellular signals and dark noise, and Diffusion Entropy Analysis indicated anomalous diffusion and long-range memory effects, with differences between astrocyte and glioblastoma signals discussed.

DOI: 10.3390/e28010112 · PMID: 41594019

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41594019/

Study type: review

Radiation Medicine and Protection · 2024 · Manual

This paper provides an overview of biophoton research history and recent progress on the role of biophoton signaling in mediating radiation-induced bystander effects. It describes properties and proposed mechanisms of biophoton emission across biological systems and discusses potential mechanisms for biophoton-mediated RIBE, highlighting roles for mitochondria and exosomes.

Study URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000546

Study type: review

EBioMedicine · 2019 · Manual

This commentary/review summarizes findings that amplitude-modulated RF EMF therapy for HCC involves Cav3.2 (CACNA1H) T-type calcium channels as calcium entry proteins mediating anti-HCC effects, with calcium influx linked to down-regulation of HCC cancer stem cells. It also states that normal hepatocytes were not affected and that the whole-body averaged SAR in a treated HCC patient was below international safety exposure standards (details not provided in the abstract).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.060 · PMID: 31175055

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31175055/

Study type: policy

2013 · Manual

The monograph references dosimetric modeling indicating young children may receive 1.6–3× higher RF exposure in deep brain structures and up to 10× higher absorption in the skull’s bone marrow compared with adults.

Study URL: https://publications.iarc.who.int/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Monographs-On-The-Identification-Of-Carcinogenic-Hazards-To-Humans/Non-ionizing-Radiation-Part-2-Radiofrequency-Electromagnetic-Fields-2013

Study type: other

EBioMedicine · 2019 · Manual

Intrabuccal administration of amplitude-modulated 27.12 MHz RF EMF produced systemic, athermal exposure levels reported as lower than those generated by cell phones held close to the body. In mice with human HCC xenografts, exposure was associated with tumour shrinkage and histological differentiation of HCC cells into quiescent spindle-morphology cells. The reported tumour-specific antiproliferative and cancer stem cell-inhibiting effects were mediated by Ca2+ influx through Cav3.2 (CACNA1H) channels, increasing intracellular calcium in HCC cells only.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.034

Study URL: https://www.ebiomedicine.com/article/S2352-3964(19)30342-1/fulltext

Study type: review

Chin J Cancer · 2013 · Manual

The abstract reports that intrabuccal administration of 27.12 MHz RF EMF amplitude-modulated at tumor-specific frequencies resulted in long-term objective responses in patients with cancer and was not associated with significant adverse effects. It also states that in vitro, tumor-specific frequencies identified in patients can block tumor cell growth in a tissue- and tumor-specific manner, with experimental evidence suggesting effects on gene expression and mitotic spindle disruption.

DOI: 10.5732/cjc.013.10177 · PMID: 24206915

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24206915/

Study type: other

Food chemistry · 2026 · PubMed

Radiofrequency heating induced ageing-like structural and functional changes in Jhelum rice, with microstructural disruption/aggregation resembling naturally aged rice. RF-treated rice showed increased resistant starch (4.18 ± 0.47%) and a reduced glycaemic index (from 70.34 ± 3.39 in freshly harvested rice to 61.17 ± 2.18), along with improved milling quality (head rice yield 61.81 ± 3.57% in RF-treated paddy) and changes consistent with enhanced starch stability and cooking quality.

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.148268 · PMID: 41655485

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41655485/

Study type: policy

2017 · Manual

A joint meeting (Munich, Germany; Nov 8–10, 2017) between ICRP and ICNIRP exchanged views on the scientific/ethical basis and principles of protection, aiming to increase mutual understanding, reach a common understanding of the state of protection systems, and explore continued collaboration. The organizations agreed in principle to strengthen communication and collaboration, and noted commonalities and differences between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation protection systems (e.g., emphasis on optimization vs keeping exposures below thresholds).

Study URL: http://www.icnirp.org/cms/upload/doc/JointNoteSystemsofProtectionNov2017.pdf

Study type: review

Ukr Biokhim Zh (1999) · 2006 · Manual

The paper presents data on biological and medical effects of monochromatic visible light and states that enzymes of the energetic system are primary acceptors. It describes a photoactivation mechanism involving increased activity of electron-transfer chain enzymes, including photolysis of nitrosyl enzyme complexes.

PMID: 17290778

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17290778/

Study type: review

Int J Oncol · 2021 · Manual

This review states that exposure to human-made EMFs (especially ELF and RF/microwave bands, with RF described as including ELF components) may lead to DNA damage and related pathologies. It describes an ion forced-oscillation mechanism whereby polarized/coherent EMFs may cause irregular gating of voltage-gated ion channels, disrupting ionic homeostasis and leading to reactive oxygen species overproduction and DNA damage; it also suggests non-thermal RF effects are due to ELF components.

DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5272

Study URL: https://www.spandidos-publications.com/ijo/59/5/92

Study type: review

Environ Res · 2018 · Manual

The review states that repeated Wi-Fi studies show oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric/EEG effects, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload, and argues these are established effects of Wi-Fi and other microwave-frequency EMFs. It proposes VGCC activation as the predominant mechanism and critiques another review (Foster and Moulder) as relying on small, non-Wi-Fi studies and being underpowered to conclude no effect.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035

Study URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035

Study type: other

1972 · Manual

The book argues that living organisms are governed by measurable, body-wide electrical patterns (“L-fields”) that act as an organizing matrix for growth, regeneration, and maintenance of form. It describes methods for measuring ultra-weak voltage gradients with high-impedance instrumentation and proposes that changes in these patterns can correlate with biological events and potentially precede pathology.

Study URL: https://vdoc.pub/documents/blueprint-for-immortality-the-electric-patterns-of-life-1cqqfmbjt13g

Study type: engineering

Yale J Biol Med · 1936 · Manual

The authors describe the need for a new measurement technique for bio-electric (DC) potential differences and report that a network/device meeting requirements (independent of resistance changes, no current drain, minimized electrode artefacts) has been designed.

PMID: 21433705

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21433705/

Study type: other

1935 · Manual

H.S. Burr and F.S.C. Northrop. The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life, 1935 Description H.S. Burr and F.S.C. Northrop. The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life, 1935 Harold Saxton Burr (1889 – 1973) was E. K. Hunt Professor of Anatomy at Yale University School of Medicine and researcher into bio-electrics. Burr's research contributed to the electrical detection of cancer cells, experimental embryology, neuroanatomy, and the regeneration and development of the nervous system. His studies of the bio-electrics of ovulation and menstruation eventually led to the marketing of fertility-indicating devices. His late studies of the electrodynamics of trees, carried out over decades, suggested entrainment to diurnal, lunar and annual cycles. He also contributed a few papers on the history and sociology of his field. Filmer Stuart Cuckow Northrop (1893 - 1992) was an American legal philosopher and influent…

Study URL: https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/pamphlets-offprints-and-reprints/2/

Study type: animal

AMA Arch Ophthalmol · 1951 · Manual

The abstract states that cataract development from electromagnetic radiation is established and notes prior work demonstrating that lenticular opacities could be produced by continuous microwave radiation at 12.25 cm wavelength. The provided abstract excerpt does not report specific results for 3 cm pulsed microwave irradiation.

DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1951.01700010390004 · PMID: 14818493

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14818493/

Study type: review

Electromagn Biol Med · 2019 · Manual

The article argues that evolutionary processes may have integrated the geomagnetic field into biological functions and describes reported ICR-like interactions associated with enhanced proton transport across a wide range of cation masses. It hypothesizes weak endogenous intracellular ICR electric field oscillations and suggests that intrinsic GMF-dependent ICR interactions could occur even without applied AC magnetic fields.

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1608234

Study URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31017814

Study type: review

Electromagn Biol Med · 2010 · Manual

The paper advances a hypothesis that biological systems may utilize the geomagnetic field for functional purposes via ion cyclotron resonance-like mechanisms. It states that numerous ICR-designed experiments have demonstrated sensitivity of living things (to varying degrees) to magnetic fields equivalent to changes in geomagnetic field intensity and its temporal perturbations, and proposes an ICR-like framework for cell regulation.

DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2010.493129 · PMID: 20707644

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20707644/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 1997 · Manual

The paper considers a theoretical possibility that DC magnetic fields could interact resonantly with endogenous AC electric fields in biological systems via intrinsic electric-field ion cyclotron resonance (ICR). It argues such intrinsic ICR interactions may be more physically credible than models based on external AC magnetic fields.

PMID: 9125238

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9125238/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 1988 · Manual

A cyclotron resonance model for channel ion transport in weak magnetic fields was extended to include damping losses and used to derive conductivity tensors for different electric-field configurations. Model behavior near the cyclotron resonance frequency was compared to existing Ca2+ efflux data; under an assumption of K+ ions transiting in a 0.35 G field, a collision time of 0.023 s was obtained and a mean kinetic energy of 3.5 eV at resonance was estimated. The model predicts discrete vibrational modes (harmonics) with eigenfrequencies ωn = nωc, stated to be compatible with some prior observations, though noting an exception regarding absence of even modes in those observations.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250090104 · PMID: 2449894

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2449894/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 1987 · Manual

Experiments in diatoms showed an apparent movement of calcium across the cell membrane in response to specific DC and AC magnetic flux densities and a frequency derived from cyclotron resonance theory. A clear resonance with a sharp frequency response curve was reported, along with a dose response as AC flux density varied and effects at odd harmonics of the basic cyclotron frequency.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250080302 · PMID: 3663247

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3663247/

Study type: other

J Appl Physiol · 1962 · Manual

Using low average power densities of electromagnetic energy, perception of sounds was induced in normal and deaf humans. The effect occurred immediately when the transmitter was turned on at distances of several hundred feet from the antenna and depended on carrier frequency and modulation. With ~80 dB acoustic noise, a peak power density of ~275 mW/cm^2 was reported as needed to induce perception at carrier frequencies of 425 and 1,310 mc, while average power density could be as low as 400 μW/cm^2; peripheral locations to the cochlea were reported as ruled out as sensor sites.

DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1962.17.4.689 · PMID: 13895081

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13895081/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · Manual

Our goal was to investigate effects of long-term exposure to pulsed microwave radiation. The major emphasis was to expose a large sample of experimental animals throughout their lifetimes and to monitor them for effects on general health and longevity. An exposure facility was developed that enabled 200 rats to be maintained under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions while housed individually in circularly-polarized waveguides. The exposure facility consisted of two rooms, each containing 50 active waveguides and 50 waveguides for sham (control) exposures. The experimental rats were exposed to 2,450-MHz pulsed microwaves at 800 pps with a 10-microseconds pulse width. The pulsed microwaves were square-wave modulated at 8-Hz. Whole body calorimetry, thermographic analysis, and power-meter analysis indicated that microwaves delivered at 0.144 W to each exposure waveguide resulted in an …

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130605 · PMID: 1482413

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1482413/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1985 · Manual

In chick brain tissue in vitro, enhanced calcium ion efflux depended on ELF frequency and field intensity. No enhanced efflux was observed for 42 Hz at 30–60 Vp-p/m, while 45 Hz produced enhanced efflux around 40 Vp-p/m; 50 Hz produced enhanced efflux in a narrower intensity region (45–50 Vp-p/m), and 60 Hz only at 35 and 40 Vp-p/m. RF carrier waves amplitude-modulated at 50 Hz also showed enhanced efflux over a narrow power density range; frequency sweeps at 42.5 Vp-p/m indicated two responsive frequency regions centered near 15 Hz and spanning 45–105 Hz.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250060102 · PMID: 3977964

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977964/

Study type: other

Neuropsychobiology · 1996 · Manual

Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields from digital mobile radio telephones were associated with shortened sleep onset latency and reduced REM sleep duration and percentage. EEG spectral analysis during REM sleep showed increased spectral power density, described as qualitative alterations of the EEG signal.

DOI: 10.1159/000119247 · PMID: 8821374

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8821374/

Study type: exposure_assessment

1995 · Manual

Exposure assessments under a variety of conditions indicated that present-day microwave exposures of law enforcement officers from traffic radar devices were consistent with published studies reporting low exposures. The authors identified major data and feasibility barriers that would severely limit a scientifically valid epidemiologic study of radar gun use and testicular cancer risk (e.g., low cancer incidence, lack of a national tumor registry, and inadequate records to identify exposed officers and quantify exposure).

Study URL: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/180933

Study type: policy

Manual

The document states that the health consequences of long-term exposure to low-intensity RF/microwave radiation from cell phone base stations/antennas are not known due to insufficient data, and recommends opposing siting base stations/antennas at fire stations until safety is proven.

Study URL: https://www.iaff.org/cell-tower-radiation/

Study type: cohort

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026 · PubMed

Among 74 geriatric inpatients (median age 87 years), the 100% fT>MIC PK/PD target was achieved in 15/35 patients receiving amoxicillin-clavulanate and 33/39 receiving piperacillin-tazobactam. Comorbidity burden (CIRS-G) and estimated glomerular filtration rate were associated with target non-attainment (model explained 23.8%; P<0.05), with an eGFR threshold of 67 mL/min/1.73m2 linked to increased risk. Toxicity thresholds were not exceeded.

DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkag048 · PMID: 41692875

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41692875/

Study type: other

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources · 2026 · PubMed

The study reports the first complete mitochondrial genome for a marine wood borer specimen from Beihai, China (17,158 bp; 12 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs) and provides nucleotide composition. Phylogenetic analysis indicates the Beihai specimen clusters with conspecifics from Hainan, China, and is distinct from the Philippine population.

DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2026.2622812 · PMID: 41696603

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41696603/

Study type: in_vitro

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2018 · PubMed

Chitosan beads were synthesized under microwave radiation using glutamic acid/1,5-pentanodiol crosslinking agents, with optional modification by Tilia platyphyllos extract. The beads were reported as non-cytotoxic by MTT assay and supported proliferation in L929 mouse fibroblasts, with pH-sensitive, antioxidant, and biodegradable properties.

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.061 · PMID: 29413612

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29413612/

Study type: other

The Journal of antibiotics · 2018 · PubMed

Strain M26 was isolated from garden soil that had been pre-treated with microwave radiation and was characterized via polyphasic taxonomy as a new species, proposed as Streptosporangium minutum. The strain exhibited antibiosis against a range of pathogenic bacteria including MRSA, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.

DOI: 10.1038/s41429-018-0036-0 · PMID: 29515231

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29515231/

Study type: engineering

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018 · PubMed

Changing microwave heating power during microwave solvothermal synthesis altered ZnO nanoparticle aggregate size, with aggregates ranging from 60 to 120 nm depending on microwave power. Increasing microwave power reduced total synthesis time while single ZnO nanoparticles remained homogeneous spherical single crystals with an average size of 27 ± 3 nm (synthesized at 4 bar).

DOI: 10.3390/nano8050343 · PMID: 29783651

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29783651/

Study type: engineering

Optics express · 2017 · PubMed

The authors developed a microwave radiation-free wearable EEG system using visible light communication. Using a 30 Hz smartphone camera, the system transmitted 2.4 kbps of error-free EEG data up to 4 m (approximately 300 lux) with an aspheric focus lens, and an algorithm was proposed to function at low illuminance for increased distance.

DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.000713 · PMID: 28157960

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28157960/

Study type: engineering

Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2018 · PubMed

Nano-metal binary oxide catalysts prepared with La introduction and ultrasonic intervention showed the best performance for low-temperature toluene oxidation under microwave radiation, achieving 80% removal at 120°C and 97% mineralization at 210°C. Compared with lower-performing samples and with non-ultrasonic impregnation, the La-Co (US) sample showed higher removal and mineralization rates and maintained catalytic activity over three cycles.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.07.047 · PMID: 28946456

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28946456/

Study type: other

Ultrasonics sonochemistry · 2018 · PubMed

Hydroxyapatite and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite synthesized under ultrasound and microwave radiation formed calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite and B-type CHA (Ca/P 1.62–1.87). In vitro, samples synthesized under these physical factors showed increased bioactivity versus standard samples, and those synthesized under 600 W microwave showed the greatest stability in a biological environment. In vivo tests reported the materials as biocompatible, non-toxic, and osteoconductive, and the use of ultrasound/microwave shortened synthesis time to 5–20 minutes.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.11.011 · PMID: 29429738

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29429738/

Study type: other

Acta poloniae pharmaceutica · 2017 · PubMed

In ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone catalyzed by organic acids, citric acid produced substantially higher molecular weight polymer compared with other catalysts. Higher average molecular weights were also obtained when reactions were conducted under microwave radiation.

PMID: 29474778

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29474778/

Study type: engineering

Physical review letters · 2016 · PubMed

In a microwave cavity optomechanical circuit measuring a micromechanical membrane position, the authors observed the trade-off between measurement imprecision and radiation-pressure backaction from photon shot noise. They report that quantum backaction can overwhelm intrinsic thermal motion by 24 dB.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.013602 · PMID: 26799018

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26799018/

Study type: other

Biofizika · 2016 · PubMed

The paper suggests a model in which microwave-range electromagnetic fields can lead to dissociation of hydrogen bonding in water clusters, and the model is stated to be applicable to covalent bond rupture in water molecule clusters. It further proposes that if energy absorption occurs at the interface of water and polymer clusters (e.g., DNA, chitosan), polymer chain degradation is possible.

PMID: 27192826

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27192826/

Study type: other

Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2017 · PubMed

Human feces (1000 g) treated in a household microwave oven at varying powers (600, 800, 1000 W) and times (30–75 min) showed >90% volume reduction after 1000 W for 75 min. The study reports pathogen eradication of six log units or more at high microwave powers, and notes that for the same energy input (1000 Wh), lower power with longer exposure improved moisture removal and volume reduction.

DOI: 10.2175/106143016x14609975747847 · PMID: 27609348

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27609348/

Study type: engineering

Scientific reports · 2016 · PubMed

Spin-crossover complexes showed different microwave absorption/attenuation properties between high-spin and low-spin states during the thermal transition. Absorption and reflection coefficients were higher in the high-spin state than in the low-spin state, suggesting potential use for microwave signal switching.

DOI: 10.1038/srep38334 · PMID: 27910956

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27910956/

Study type: engineering

Scientific reports · 2015 · PubMed

Hollow polypyrrole (HPPy) microspheres showed higher electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency than polypyrrole (PPy) across 0.5–8 GHz, attributed to trapping of EM waves by internal reflection. Adding silver (HPPy/Ag-10, 10 wt% Ag) further increased shielding efficiency, attributed to internal reflection plus reflection from the outer surface.

DOI: 10.1038/srep07638 · PMID: 25560384

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25560384/

Study type: engineering

Physical review letters · 2015 · PubMed

A quantum node using a 3D microwave superconducting cavity coupled to a transmission line via a Josephson ring modulator demonstrated time-controlled capture, storage, and retrieval of an optimally shaped propagating microwave field with up to 80% efficiency. The system also demonstrated time-controlled generation of an entangled state distributed between the node and a microwave channel.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.090503 · PMID: 25793790

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25793790/

Study type: other

Bioresource technology · 2015 · PubMed

Regenerated celluloses with lower degree of polymerization (DP) showed higher hydrolysis reactivity under dilute-acid catalysis with microwave radiation. The highest reported sugar yield was 59.2% for DP 23 at 160 C for 15 min, while the lowest yield was 32.6% for DP 132; recrystallization hindered further hydrolysis particularly at higher DP.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.036 · PMID: 25997012

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25997012/

Study type: other

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy · 2015 · PubMed

Moulding sand samples with an aqueous PAA/CMS-Na binder hardened within a microwave radiation field showed high bending strength (1.6 MPa) even 24 h after the end of agent activity. FT-IR and FT-Raman results suggested that microwaves activate polar groups in the polymer and silane groups on quartz surfaces, promoting chemical adsorption and formation of hydrogen-bridge networks and COSi-type bonds.

DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.084 · PMID: 26125981

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26125981/

Study type: engineering

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2015 · PubMed

Controlled localization of nanoparticles in co-continuous PC/PVDF blends produced high microwave absorption (~90%). A model structure with conducting (PANI-modified MWNTs) and magnetic (Fe3O4) inclusions in PVDF and dielectric (BaTiO3) in PC achieved reflection loss ~-71 dB and shielding effectiveness ~-37 dB, with shielding mainly via absorption (~90%).

DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05189d · PMID: 26431367

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26431367/

Study type: other

Scientific reports · 2015 · PubMed

In a high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron system, radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations at low magnetic fields under circularly polarized microwave excitation were reported as similar to those under linearly polarized excitation. The magnetoresistive response depended strongly and sinusoidally on launcher rotation angle θ for linearly polarized radiation, while it was reported as hardly sensitive to θ for circularly polarized radiation.

DOI: 10.1038/srep14880 · PMID: 26450679

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26450679/

Study type: other

Bioresource technology · 2014 · PubMed

In step-by-step hydrolysis of regenerated cellulose under microwave radiation, crystallinity (Cr) was reported as a key factor affecting reactivity; increasing Cr during hydrolysis (via amorphous-region hydrolysis and recrystallization) weakened reactivity and reduced incremental gains in conversion and sugar yield. Lower degree of polymerization (DP) increased the initial hydrolysis speed and enabled higher sugar yield, while prolonging pretreatment time was reported to have no direct influence on reactivity.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.066 · PMID: 24971946

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24971946/