Study type: systematic_review

2022 · Manual

Analysis of 131 peer-reviewed studies showed that 95% confirmed statistically significant oxidative effects induced by non-thermal RF EMFs, mostly pulsed/modulated by ELF, in various biological systems. Similarly, 92% of 39 studies on purely ELF EMFs revealed significant oxidative effects. The oxidative stress induced by man-made EMFs, especially wireless communication EMFs combining RF and ELF components, is a pronounced oxidative agent with high pathogenic potential in living cells.

DOI: 10.1201/9781003201052-6

Study URL: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003201052-6

Study type: animal

Bull Exp Biol Med · 2022 · Manual

Male Wistar rats exposed chronically to multifrequency electromagnetic fields simulating 5G NR/IMT-2020 (250 μW/cm2, 24 h/day for 4 months) showed results suggesting altered functional activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and a stress-like effect.

DOI: 10.1007/s10517 · PMID: 36598666

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36598666/

Study type: in_vitro

Free radical biology & medicine · 2022 · PubMed

Continuous or pulsed ELF-EMF in combination with 3-bromopyruvate (3BP) potentiated 3BP anti-cancer activity in human cancer cells in vitro. The abstract attributes this to inhibition of TNFα secretion leading to irreversible p21/p27-dependent G2/M arrest and cancer cell death.

DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.011 · PMID: 35063649

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35063649/

Study type: in_vitro

Infectious agents and cancer · 2022 · PubMed

ELF-EMF and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) reduced bacterial viable counts in a time-dependent manner, with 100% inhibition reported when ELF-EMF was combined with 10 µM/ml AgNPs for 2 h. Apoptosis in MCF-7 cells was observed after ELF-EMF or AgNP exposure and was reported as significantly increased with combined exposure; cell cycle alterations and changes in expression of several genes (e.g., up-regulation of p53, iNOS, NF-kB; down-regulation of Bcl-2 and miRNA-125b) were also reported.

DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00416-4 · PMID: 35120563

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35120563/

Study type: in_vitro

Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2022 · PubMed

LF-EMF at 2.0 mT activated C2C12 cells and upregulated the proliferation-promoting transcription factor PAX7. LF-EMF at 1.5 mT upregulated MyoD and myogenin expression. The authors conclude that different magnetic flux densities exert independent positive effects across stages of skeletal myogenesis and may prevent myotube disappearance.

DOI: 10.3233/thc-thc228034 · PMID: 35124612

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35124612/

Study type: randomized_trial

Pain research & management · 2022 · PubMed

Patients receiving combined ELF EMF and LED physiotherapy had faster reduction of postoperative orofacial pain than controls receiving only analgesics. After 5 days of therapy, pain intensity was reduced by about 50% or resolved completely in all subjects.

DOI: 10.1155/2022/3115154 · PMID: 35178136

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35178136/

Study type: animal

Biomedicines · 2022 · PubMed

In a compression spinal cord injury mouse model, daily PELF-EMF exposure using the SEQEX device significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and astrocyte activation markers at lesion borders, increased BDNF pro-survival signaling in neuronal cells, and reduced demyelination at the lesion center.

DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020325 · PMID: 35203533

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35203533/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of molecular sciences · 2022 · PubMed

In an in vitro wound healing model, RF-EMF treatment promoted keratinocyte migration and regulated expression of genes involved in healing, including MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, consistent with improved wound healing.

DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042205 · PMID: 35216321

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35216321/

Study type: randomized_trial

Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022 · PubMed

In a blinded randomized crossover provocation study using EMF signals mimicking mobile phone base stations, IEI-EMF and control participants reported similar symptom frequencies during provocation and sham sessions, and no participant accurately identified the provocation. Physiological parameters (BP, HR, HRV) were similar between provocation and sham in both groups. The control group, but not the IEI-EMF group, showed elevated HR when they perceived EMF exposure.

DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00843-1 · PMID: 35255916

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35255916/

Study type: other

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022 · PubMed

Pre-sowing seed treatment with EMF for 10 min slightly increased germination rate/percentage and strongly stimulated steviol glycoside accumulation in leaves. RebA increased ~1.6-fold, while Stev increased ~11.0-fold versus control, leading to a decreased RebA/Stev ratio (from 8.5 in control to 1.1 in EMF10). The treatments had an opposite (negative) effect on total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity.

DOI: 10.3390/plants11050611 · PMID: 35270081

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35270081/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Cureus · 2022 · PubMed

A non-contact sensor detected differences between background measurements and signals attributed to the human brain through the scalp and skull. Differences in magnetic field potential were also detected during a task and during auditory stimulation.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21982 · PMID: 35282504

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35282504/

Study type: animal

Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2022 · PubMed

In Wistar rats exposed in vivo to a low-frequency electromagnetic field, changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and hydroperoxide content in blood plasma depended on the EMF frequency. The authors propose a protective mechanism involving low doses of ROS stimulated by LF EMF.

DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05434-1 · PMID: 35348955

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35348955/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 2022 · PubMed

Adipose-derived human MSPCs exposed to alternating EMF generated by the IteraCoil (0.05 and 1 kHz) showed osteoblastic differentiation in regular medium without exogenous pro-osteogenic supplements, compared against cells differentiated in pro-osteogenic supplemented medium. The authors report the EMF might have affected signaling pathways inducing osteogenic differentiation.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22401 · PMID: 35391494

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35391494/

Study type: in_vitro

Biomedicines · 2022 · PubMed

ELF-EMF exposure at 5–20 G did not induce toxicity in hair bulb spheroids and increased expression of ALP, versican, β-catenin, and several cytokines (VEGF, PDGF, FGF-10, ET-1), with decreased TUNEL staining. Hair follicles exposed for 60 min showed increased hair length and ~1.5-fold increased IL-4, ICAM-1, ALP, and versican mRNA versus control; 10 G for 60 min was reported to promote hair shaft growth via cytokines/adhesion molecules through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040924 · PMID: 35453674

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35453674/

Study type: other

Cureus · 2022 · PubMed

Using a non-contact, non-invasive helmet with proprietary magnetic field sensors, repetitive right- and left-sided tapping produced discernible wave changes compared with baseline (helmet without a subject) and compared with the subject at rest. Wave patterns varied between individuals but were reported to be similar within each individual; shielding was described as necessary to identify signals, including when moved within the helmet design.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23006 · PMID: 35464528

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35464528/

Study type: other

Cureus · 2022 · PubMed

Using a lightweight helmet with attached sensors, the study reports that continuously recording real-time human brain EMF could distinguish differing brain activity between individuals performing motor movement, motor imagery, and emotional imagery, including at different distances from the scalp. The authors conclude these activities generated EMFs with discernible forms compared to baseline activity.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23332 · PMID: 35464545

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35464545/

Study type: other

Cureus · 2022 · PubMed

The authors report that EMF sensors recorded brain electromagnetic activity funneled into a shielded channel acting as a waveguide at distances up to 63 cm. They conclude that specific brain EMFs from movement, thoughts of movement, and emotional thought can be continuously measured non-contact at a distance using the shielded helmet and EMF channel approach.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23626 · PMID: 35494955

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35494955/

Study type: engineering

Cureus · 2022 · PubMed

Across trials, FFT data differed between background (no subject) and subject rest/activity conditions, and differences were observed between rest and activity phases within individuals. The authors conclude that shielding via a Mu-metal/copper mesh helmet and EMF channels may allow measurement of cortically generated EMF with induction sensors without using a shielded room, with motor tapping showing changes between 4 and 6 Hz that appeared to correlate with prior shielded-room measurements.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24107 · PMID: 35573536

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35573536/

Study type: animal

Biomedicines · 2022 · PubMed

No statistically significant differences were observed in apoptotic cell profile or antioxidant capacity between controls and short-term 915 MHz EMF-exposed mouse cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. In mice exposed to 915 MHz EMF for 48 h or 72 h, there were no significant effects on cardiac tissue integrity or myocardial expression of apoptosis and antioxidant genes versus sham controls.

DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050929 · PMID: 35625666

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35625666/

Study type: engineering

Journal of biomedical science and engineering · 2022 · PubMed

Using HFSS/EMPro simulations of a multilayer human head model with a VHF patch microstrip antenna, a 1 A peak current feed produced a maximum SAR of 0.6 W/kg, with SAR ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 W/kg across head layers. The work aims to match previously used REMFS parameters (64 MHz; SAR 0.4–0.9 W/kg) associated with decreased toxic amyloid-beta levels in primary human neuronal cultures.

DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2022.155013 · PMID: 35663520

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35663520/

Study type: other

Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2022 · PubMed

Across 8-day exposures, there were no significant differences between EMF and control conditions in measured blood-based stress physiology biomarkers, behaviors, or putative aerobic capacities. Aerated mesocosms with activated EMFs had higher dissolved oxygen levels than aerated controls. During 3-day oxygen depletion trials, mortality did not differ between EMF and control conditions, and fish abundance near devices in the lake did not differ when devices were activated.

DOI: 10.1002/wer.10747 · PMID: 35686312

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35686312/

Study type: animal

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022 · PubMed

Repeated 50 Hz EMF exposure altered oxidative/antioxidative status in rat prefrontal cortex depending on field intensity and number of exposure series. Exposure at 1 mT produced weak changes and was reported to reduce oxidative processes in response to a subsequent open-field stressor, whereas 7 mT shifted the balance toward a higher oxidative level and intensified oxidative processes in response to the subsequent stressor.

DOI: 10.1155/2022/1031211 · PMID: 35746959

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35746959/

Study type: in_vitro

Histochemistry and cell biology · 2022 · PubMed

Compared with sham exposure, intermittent ELF-EMF exposure increased cell proliferation rate and de novo calcium deposition after 10 days (both p<0.001). COL1A1 and RUNX-2 gene expression and COL1A1, RUNX-2, and OPN protein expression were upregulated in ELF-EMF-exposed cells with or without osteogenic medium, suggesting earlier/more efficient osteogenic differentiation.

DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02126-9 · PMID: 35751679

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35751679/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of biological macromolecules · 2022 · PubMed

In MM6 cells pre-stimulated with LPS, SEB, or PHA and exposed to a low-frequency EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz, 3 h), changes were observed in immune-response-related proteins and iNOS mRNA. The most meaningful changes were reported for PLA2 and NLC4 protein levels and for the relationship between iNOS protein expression and iNOS mRNA amount; the strongest effect on iNOS-encoding mRNA occurred in LPS- or SEB-pre-stimulated cells phagocytosing latex beads. The authors state that an influence of EMF on phagocytosis was experimentally proved and suggest further investigation for potential supportive therapy use.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.080 · PMID: 35841960

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35841960/

Study type: in_vitro

Radiation research · 2022 · PubMed

Static magnetic field (20 mT), ELF electromagnetic field (20 mT, 50 Hz), and combined exposure increased ROS and increased expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and GST. Intracellular pH decreased with EMF and SMF+EMF but not with SMF; reducing ROS with ascorbic acid increased pH relative to magnetic-field-only treatments. SMF increased cell viability after 24 h, whereas EMF and SMF+EMF decreased viability, with differing effects across cell cycle, apoptosis, and necrosis.

DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00037.1 · PMID: 35867630

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35867630/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of molecular sciences · 2022 · PubMed

In 2D and 3D culture models of human pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and breast cancer, exposure to an ELF-EMF at a calculated thermal resonant frequency was reported to hamper growth and to potentiate both coupled and uncoupled respiration. The metabolic shift was reported to be evident in 3D aggregates.

DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147955 · PMID: 35887313

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35887313/

Study type: other

Nutrients · 2022 · PubMed

Wardzinski and colleagues present the findings of an experimental provocation study, in which the effect of a 25 min exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by a mobile phone on food consumption is studied [...].

DOI: 10.3390/nu14142948 · PMID: 35889905

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35889905/

Study type: other

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022 · PubMed

A fully textile wearable antenna at 2.41 GHz produced 1 g average SARs of 0.5758 W/kg at 6.3 mW net input power and 41.13 W/kg at 450 mW net input power in erythrocyte suspensions. In experiments on erythrocyte membrane stability, 20 min irradiation at 6.3 mW had a stabilizing effect, while 120 min exposure had a destabilizing effect.

DOI: 10.3390/s22145139 · PMID: 35890818

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35890818/

Study type: animal

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022 · PubMed

Leaf extracts of wheat and pea plants exposed to ELF EMF at 7.8, 14.3, and 20.8 Hz showed biological effects on redox-metabolism-related components. Short-time (30 min) exposure produced more pronounced effects than long-time (18 days) exposure, and wheat catalase activity was reported as the most sensitive parameter to the magnetic fields.

DOI: 10.3390/plants11151955 · PMID: 35956432

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35956432/

Study type: animal

Science advances · 2022 · PubMed

A pulsed-burst PEMF at 15 Hz and 2 mT induced notable calcium oscillations with robust spikes in osteoblasts compared with other waveforms. This PEMF parameter substantially inhibited radiotherapy-induced bone loss by specifically modulating osteoblasts without affecting other bone cell types or tumor cells; primary cilia were identified as major PEMF sensors in osteoblasts, linking to Ras/MAPK/AP-1 activation and Ku70 transcription.

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0222 · PMID: 36001662

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36001662/

Study type: in_vitro

Molecular biology research communications · 2022 · PubMed

SK-MEL-37 human melanoma cells continuously exposed to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1.5 or 3 mT for 96 hours showed significant downregulation of HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-W env gene expression (P<0.001).

DOI: 10.22099/mbrc.2022.42754.1706 · PMID: 36059930

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36059930/

Study type: case_report

International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022 · PubMed

In a 39-year-old female treated for paranasal sinusitis, therapy combining an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) with LED light was associated with near-complete restoration of normal sinus pneumatization and a marked reduction in mucosal swelling on CBCT, including restored pneumatization of the ethmoid bulla.

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013570 · PMID: 36294150

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36294150/

Study type: animal

Bratislavske lekarske listy · 2022 · PubMed

ICP MS measurements found no significant differences in cerebellar iron concentration across exposure groups and controls. PIXE analysis showed focal iron accumulation up to 3 mm, with the highest iron concentration observed after exposure to the real GSM signal.

DOI: 10.4149/bll_2022_138 · PMID: 36342872

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36342872/

Study type: in_vitro

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022 · PubMed

RF-EMF exposure resonating at 2 GHz (0.01 W) for 10 min was associated with ~1.5–3-fold higher total protein concentration and α-amylase activity in media versus control during incubation (highest increase after 16 h). α-amylase mRNA levels were ~2–8-fold increased at 16 and 24 h post-exposure; vesicle accumulation and transcription of some trafficking-related genes increased, membrane potential was unchanged, and intracellular Ca level was elevated.

DOI: 10.3390/jof8111187 · PMID: 36354954

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36354954/

Study type: engineering

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems · 2022 · PubMed

An out-of-phase coupled wireless power transfer system for implantable medical devices was proposed and evaluated via simulation and measurements. Compared with conventional systems, the proposed system reduced EMF by 41.05% and increased power transfer efficiency by 9.62%; simulations assessing exposure in human tissues reported reductions in current density (44.10%), induced electric field (38.90%), and SAR (63.82%).

DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2022.3222011 · PMID: 36395127

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36395127/

Study type: randomized_trial

Frontiers in neurology · 2022 · PubMed

In the per-protocol set (13 active ENTF; 8 sham), ENTF showed greater improvement in FMA-UE from baseline to week 4 versus sham (23.2±14.1 vs 9.6±9.0; p=0.007). At week 8, ENTF showed favorable effects on multiple measures (e.g., ARAT Pinch, Box and Blocks, modified Rankin Scale), and no treatment-related adverse events were reported.

DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1004677 · PMID: 36452175

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36452175/

Study type: review

Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022 · PubMed

The article discusses electromagnetic field (EMF) theories of mind/brain integration and argues that early experimental evidence thought to rule out a role for EMFs in brain activity was misinterpreted. It proposes an alternative view intended to help direct future research on EMFs and consciousness.

DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1032339 · PMID: 36466618

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36466618/

Study type: systematic_review

Environmental evidence · 2022 · PubMed

This article describes a protocol to create a systematic evidence map on crop and model plant responses to static magnetic fields and non-ionizing electromagnetic fields. It does not report results; it notes that existing reports indicate some positive effects but also inconsistent protocols and contradictory outcomes.

DOI: 10.1186/s13750-022-00292-w · PMID: 39294714

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39294714/

Study type: animal

Journal of biosciences · 2022 · PubMed

In spinal cord transected rats, EMF stimulation for 7 or 14 days was associated with significant improvements in H and M wave parameters and H/M ratio, increased muscle twitch and tetanic force, improved fusion frequency and fatigability, increased regenerating myofibers with reduced muscle degeneration, and increased myogenic protein levels compared with SCI controls.

PMID: 36510440

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36510440/

Study type: case_report

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022 · PubMed

After treatment combining vacuum and electromagnetic fields, improvements were reported in aesthetic and functional characteristics of the face and neck and in measured skin physical parameters (hydration, sebum, elasticity, pH). The authors state these improvements seemed to indicate tissue regeneration, including a nerve component.

DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120799 · PMID: 36551005

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36551005/

Study type: animal

Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2022 · PubMed

Two male rhesus macaques exposed to a 12-Hz electromagnetic field (0.7 µT) for 4 hours/day for one month showed a significant increase in visual memory after exposure, along with decreased serum cortisol and decreased GR gene expression compared with controls. No considerable amygdala volumetric difference was observed after exposure.

DOI: 10.32598/bcn.2021.724.8 · PMID: 36589014

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36589014/

Frontiers in public health · 2022 · PubMed

DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1085821 · PMID: 36589931

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36589931/

Study type: animal

Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2022 · PubMed

Rats exposed to 10 Hz (4 mT) ELF-EMF showed changes in spatial learning and memory, with reported improvement in spatial memory particularly after long-term (30-day) exposure. The long-term exposed group showed a significant increase in hippocampal BDNF levels and spent more time/traveled a greater percentage of distance in the target quadrant; body weight also differed significantly in the long-term group.

DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2022.64 · PMID: 37041789

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37041789/

Study type: other

Journal of hazardous materials · 2022 · PubMed

Sulfidated microscale zero-valent iron (S-mZVI) generated substantially higher temperatures under low-frequency AC electromagnetic field induction heating (~120 °C in 30 min at 10 g/L) than ZVI (~55 °C) or ball-milled mZVI (~80 °C). Applying AC EMF increased the TCE degradation rate up to 4-fold, maintained or enhanced electron efficiency, and halved cis-DCE generation versus no-heating; water-bath heating increased rate 2-fold with unchanged cis-DCE and lowered electron efficiency. Similar promoting effects were observed in real groundwater.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127020 · PMID: 34481402

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34481402/

Study type: other

Environmental research · 2022 · PubMed

We have read the article recently published by Lopez et al., 2020 (Lopez et al., 2021). This study aimed to find a possible relationship, if any, between exposure to RF-EMF with some health indicators such as sleep, headache, and fatigue collected through surveys, using maximum electromagnetic radiation peak-to-peak measurements. And after a detailed analysis of the study, we want to make some comments on said publication to clarify some aspects.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112138 · PMID: 34653414

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34653414/

Study type: animal

Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022 · PubMed

Exposure to a 50 Hz high-voltage EMF (5.4 kV/m) for 2 or 4 h/day over 25 days was associated with decreased RBC, Hb, and catalase activity, and increased WBC, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and MDA in albino rats; liver histopathology observations were also reported. Treatment with Rosmarinus officinalis methanol leaf extract (5 mg/kg body weight) attenuated these EMF-associated changes and was concluded to offer protection against HV-induced liver damage.

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17060-x · PMID: 34686958

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34686958/

Study type: in_vitro

Electromagnetic biology and medicine · 2022 · PubMed

Cells exposed to 50 Hz EMF (20 mT, 3 h/day up to 4 days) showed decreased viability in MDA-MB-231 versus non-exposed controls, with no significant viability effect in MCF-7. Exposure induced G1 arrest and increased sub-G1 population and apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231, while MCF-7 showed increased S-phase percentage and no morphological change.

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1995872 · PMID: 34747307

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34747307/

Study type: animal

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2022 · PubMed

Mg/ATP-functionalized chitosan/PVA nanofibers containing succinate-conjugated magnetic hydroxyapatite (Mg.ATP.CP&SMHA) increased mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and proliferation and enhanced osteogenic markers (ALP activity, RUNX2 and osteocalcin expression) compared with bare nanofibers. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation further improved when nanofibers were under the influence of an electromagnetic field, suggesting synergistic effects for bone formation; the scaffold also showed antibacterial effects against E. coli and S. aureus.

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112256 · PMID: 34875469

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34875469/

Study type: systematic_review

Environment international · 2022 · PubMed

This article is a protocol for a systematic review of observational studies assessing long-term RF EMF exposure (100 kHz to 300 GHz) and cognition; no results are reported.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106972 · PMID: 34953282

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34953282/

Study type: review

International journal of environmental health research · 2022 · PubMed

The article states that epidemiological studies have reported a causal association between RF-EMF exposure from mobile phones and brain neoplasm incidence, with emphasis on statistically significant ipsilateral tumors. It describes higher risk with higher exposure, longer cumulative use, and longer latency (beyond 10 years).

DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1738352 · PMID: 32149530

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32149530/