Study type: review

EBioMedicine · 2019 · Manual

This commentary/review summarizes findings that amplitude-modulated RF EMF therapy for HCC involves Cav3.2 (CACNA1H) T-type calcium channels as calcium entry proteins mediating anti-HCC effects, with calcium influx linked to down-regulation of HCC cancer stem cells. It also states that normal hepatocytes were not affected and that the whole-body averaged SAR in a treated HCC patient was below international safety exposure standards (details not provided in the abstract).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.060 · PMID: 31175055

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31175055/

Study type: review

Environ Res · 2019 · Manual

This review reports that several meta-analyses since about 2000 found significant associations between 50-60 Hz magnetic field exposure and childhood leukemia. It states that government or independent studies more often reported significant or elevated risks, whereas industry-supported studies generally did not, and concludes that there is strong evidence for increased risks of adult leukemia, breast cancer, and brain cancer with excessive magnetic field exposure.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108688

Study URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31476684

Study type: other

EBioMedicine · 2019 · Manual

27.12 MHz athermal amplitude-modulated RF EMF at breast cancer specific frequencies was associated with decreased growth/metastases in brain-tropic cell line animal models and strong suppression of growth in brain metastasis PDX models. The authors report significant and durable regression of a brain metastasis in one patient, and propose mediation via Ca2+ influx through CACNA1H with downstream signaling changes and reduced angiogenesis-related markers.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.038 · PMID: 31129098

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31129098/

Study type: other

EBioMedicine · 2019 · Manual

Intrabuccal administration of amplitude-modulated 27.12 MHz RF EMF produced systemic, athermal exposure levels reported as lower than those generated by cell phones held close to the body. In mice with human HCC xenografts, exposure was associated with tumour shrinkage and histological differentiation of HCC cells into quiescent spindle-morphology cells. The reported tumour-specific antiproliferative and cancer stem cell-inhibiting effects were mediated by Ca2+ influx through Cav3.2 (CACNA1H) channels, increasing intracellular calcium in HCC cells only.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.034

Study URL: https://www.ebiomedicine.com/article/S2352-3964(19)30342-1/fulltext

Study type: review

Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res · 2019 · Manual

This review summarizes results from the author’s group (2006–2016) comparing DNA fragmentation in Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis under identical procedures after exposure to six different EMFs. It reports that real-life mobile telephony (mobile phone) EMFs were significantly more bioactive/damaging than a 50 Hz alternating magnetic field or a pulsed electric field, even with shorter exposure durations, and were described as more damaging than certain previously tested cytotoxic stressors (e.g., certain chemicals, starvation, dehydration).

DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.03.003

Study URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383574218300991

Study type: review

Electromagn Biol Med · 2019 · Manual

The article argues that evolutionary processes may have integrated the geomagnetic field into biological functions and describes reported ICR-like interactions associated with enhanced proton transport across a wide range of cation masses. It hypothesizes weak endogenous intracellular ICR electric field oscillations and suggests that intrinsic GMF-dependent ICR interactions could occur even without applied AC magnetic fields.

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1608234

Study URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31017814

Study type: animal

Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2019 · PubMed

Rats exposed to microwave radiation had higher testis apoptosis index than controls at days 1, 7, and 14 post-exposure, along with seminiferous tubule structural damage. Daily gavage of modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill for 7 days reduced apoptosis index, improved testis morphology, and down-regulated elevated p53 on days 7 and 14 compared with the radiation group; Tip60 expression was not detected on days 7 and 14 in any group.

DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2425-9 · PMID: 29063469

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29063469/

Study type: review

2019 · Manual

The review discusses the potential shift in cancer risk from brain cancers to skin cancers with 5G exposure due to higher frequency RF-EMF having low penetration but high energy deposition in skin cells, possibly increasing oxidative stress and skin cancer risk. It also highlights a proposed nonlinear J-shaped dose-response relationship for RF-EMF carcinogenesis, with hormetic effects at low exposure levels and increased risk at high levels.

Study URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6820018/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Radiation protection dosimetry · 2019 · PubMed

A measurement program was conducted to measure EMF exposure around small cell base station sites, with results compared to relevant safety guidelines and to available data for base stations in general.

DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy201 · PMID: 30541117

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30541117/

Study type: animal

Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019 · PubMed

Exposure to a 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field significantly increased multiple genotoxic and cytotoxic endpoints across the studied species, with the strongest responses in Baltic clam gill cells (6 of 8 endpoints significantly elevated). Micronuclei were significantly induced in rainbow trout and ragworm cells; nuclear buds were significantly induced in all species; several additional endpoints (NBf, BL, Ap, BN) were significantly elevated only in Baltic clam, while no significant cytotoxic activity was detected in ragworm coelomocytes.

DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.023 · PMID: 30641415

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30641415/

Study type: randomized_trial

International journal of radiation biology · 2019 · PubMed

In a double-blind provocation study with sham vs real exposure, 4 consecutive RF signals (5 min each) produced no statistically significant changes (p > .05) in saliva alpha amylase, cortisol, or IgA concentrations in EHS individuals.

DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1569776 · PMID: 30652950

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30652950/

Study type: animal

Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission · 2019 · PubMed

Compared with controls, the EMF-exposed group had reduced numbers of Leydig cells, primary spermatocytes and spermatids, decreased testes wet weight and serum testosterone, increased SOD activity, and altered sperm morphology. In the EMF + luteolin group, these EMF-associated changes were partially reversed versus EMF alone (higher cell counts, higher testosterone and testes weight, and lower SOD activity).

DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1566568 · PMID: 30669870

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30669870/

Study type: animal

Scientific reports · 2019 · PubMed

After 1850 MHz RF-EMF exposure in early postnatal mice, sPSC frequencies and amplitudes in MNTB principal cells were significantly increased, along with increased synaptic vesicle number and docking vesicles/active zone length in the calyx of Held. No morphological changes were found in inner hair cell ribbon synapses, and ABR hearing thresholds at postnatal day 15 did not significantly change.

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36868-1 · PMID: 30674958

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30674958/

Study type: animal

The Science of the total environment · 2019 · PubMed

Honey bee queen larvae exposed to GSM 900 MHz mobile phone radiation during pre-adult development had a significantly reduced hatching ratio. Mating success was not reduced, and colonies established from successfully mated treated queens were not adversely affected in development/population dynamics.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.154 · PMID: 30682608

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30682608/

Study type: animal

Scientific reports · 2019 · PubMed

In C57BL/6 mice, RF-EMF exposure (835 MHz; SAR 4.0 W/kg; 5 h/day for 12 weeks) was associated with decreased synaptic vesicle numbers in striatal presynaptic boutons and reduced synapsin I/II expression. Exposed mice also showed reduced striatal dopamine concentration and decreased tyrosine hydroxylase expression, and RF-EMF exposure impeded recovery of locomotor activity after repeated MPTP treatments.

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37874-z · PMID: 30718744

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30718744/

Study type: other

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2019 · PubMed

Applying 0–128 Gauss ELF-EMFs to Geobacter sulfurreducens-inoculated bioelectrochemical systems increased metabolic current and induced oscillations in exposed G. sulfurreducens. Effects were dose-dependent, and oscillation amplitude varied linearly with ELF-EMF strength.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.008 · PMID: 30743077

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30743077/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 2019 · PubMed

Low-intensity electromagnetic field (LI-EMF) treatment was associated with large numbers of differentially expressed genes in Irpex lacteus, with 3268, 1377, and 941 DEGs at 0 h, 3 h, and 6 h recovery times, respectively, suggesting declining effects over recovery time. Thirty upregulated and 14 downregulated DEGs overlapped across all recovery times, and LI-EMF treatment significantly increased amino acid content, including essential amino acids.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22171 · PMID: 30786058

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30786058/

Study type: in_vitro

Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2019 · PubMed

Cell stimulation under the Ca ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) condition showed positive results for glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen synthesis, and increased expression of chondrogenic markers (COL2A1, SOX9, ACAN). Other electromagnetic stimulation groups (including ubiquitous PEMF parameters) showed no changes compared with control groups.

DOI: 10.1002/term.2829 · PMID: 30793837

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30793837/

Study type: animal

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2019 · PubMed

Experiments in C57BL/6 mice found that 50 Hz electromagnetic field exposure affected hair follicle regrowth and enhanced proliferation of K15 stem cells in the hair bulb and follicular outer root sheath.

DOI: 10.1177/1535370219834639 · PMID: 30823849

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30823849/

Study type: cross_sectional

Neuro endocrinology letters · 2019 · PubMed

Among medical personnel, exposure to EMFs from GSM 900 and 1800 generated by base stations was reported to contribute to depressive disorders, while exposure to WLAN EMF was reported to have the opposite effect. In medical staff, more time spent on phone conversations was associated with decreased feeling of depression and increased trait anxiety. In women working in trade, spending free time on physical activity was reported to intensify depressive states.

PMID: 30927760

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30927760/

Study type: animal

Journal of cellular physiology · 2019 · PubMed

In the Morris water maze, memory improved with CoQ10 and with coadministration of CoQ10 + EMF. Nissl and TUNEL analyses showed reduced necrotic and apoptotic cell counts with CoQ10 and with CoQ10 + EMF, while EMF alone had no significant effect on reducing TMT-induced hippocampal damage; Western blot indicated upregulation of antiapoptotic genes with CoQ10 and with coadministration.

DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28512 · PMID: 30932191

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30932191/

Study type: review

International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019 · PubMed

The study identified several NIR applications in Swedish health care, noting that acute effects cannot be ruled out for MRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and electrosurgery. For optical radiation (class 3–4 lasers and UV therapy), acute effects such as burns, photoreactions, erythema, and eye effects need to be avoided. The authors conclude that health care professionals’ knowledge about risks and safety measures should be improved and that clearer evidence-based information from reliable sources is needed; they also highlight knowledge gaps regarding long-term MRI effects and combined NIR exposures.

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071186 · PMID: 30987016

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30987016/

Study type: other

Scientific reports · 2019 · PubMed

Pre-sowing treatments with 5.28 MHz radio-frequency cold plasma and EMF altered germination kinetics, phytohormone balance, seedling development, and leaf protein expression. CP 7 min and EMF 15 min accelerated in vitro germination by 19–24%, and EMF 15 min accelerated germination in substrate by 17%; germination percentage was generally unchanged except EMF 5 min, which decreased it by 7.5%. EMF treatment reduced abscisic acid by 55–60%, and proteome analysis indicated increased expression of proteins involved in photosynthetic processes and regulation after short EMF or CP exposure.

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42893-5 · PMID: 31015543

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31015543/

Study type: animal

Biotechnic & histochemistry : official publication of the Biological Stain Commission · 2019 · PubMed

Control and sham groups showed normal hepatic morphology. The EMF-exposed group showed occasional histopathological changes (e.g., irregular hepatocyte arrangement, vacuolization, hemorrhage, sinusoid expansion, edema) and had significantly decreased 8-OHdG and SOD levels versus control and sham.

DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1580767 · PMID: 31017002

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31017002/

Study type: animal

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019 · PubMed

In multiple linear regression analyses run separately by group, full moon was an independent determinant of the number of tail lifts in the ELF-EMF group but not in the control group. In the ELF-EMF group, tail lifts were higher on days with higher K index in the first period (p = 0.07), while no such tendency was reported for the control group.

DOI: 10.3390/ani9050208 · PMID: 31052293

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31052293/

Study type: animal

Toxicologic pathology · 2019 · PubMed

Digitally ventilated cages produced extremely low-intensity electric fields ranging from 5 Hz to 3 GHz. Over up to 1 year of housing, no exposure-related clinical signs or mortality occurred; occasional statistical differences in measured endpoints were reported but considered without biological or clinical relevance, and the authors concluded there were no definite effects.

DOI: 10.1177/0192623319852353 · PMID: 31117895

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31117895/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Environmental research · 2019 · PubMed

Highest mean total exposure was observed in Brussels (2.63 mW/m). Downlink exposure was higher in Antwerp than in Brussels, which the authors suggest may relate to stronger base-station legislation in Brussels. The protocol was reported repeatable (r=0.95 for median total exposure) and representative for path selection (r=0.88), and the exposimeters underestimated incident RF-EMF intensity in 10/13 calibrated frequency bands with median underestimations up to 68%.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.027 · PMID: 31150934

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31150934/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 2019 · PubMed

Rats exposed to alternating 50 Hz, 5 mT EMF showed analgesic activity that was increased by serotonin HCl and DOI hydrochloride compared with the EMF group, while WAY 100635 and SB 204741 reduced analgesic activity in MF-exposed rats (all P<0.05). The authors conclude that 5-HT and 5-HT receptors play an important role in EMF-induced analgesia.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22196 · PMID: 31152464

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31152464/

Study type: in_vitro

Electromagnetic biology and medicine · 2019 · PubMed

Co-treatment with temozolomide (100 µM) and ELF-EMF (100 Hz, 100 G) decreased Nestin, CD133, and Notch4 expression and increased GFAP expression compared with controls. Co-treatment was also associated with increased SOD activity, MDA, and Ca2+ concentration versus controls, and the authors report ELF-EMF significantly enhanced TMZ effects in U87 cells.

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1625784 · PMID: 31179753

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31179753/

Study type: ecological

Environmental research · 2019 · PubMed

In a geo-epidemiological population-based analysis in Limousin (France) using modeled residential UHF-EMF exposure from GSM antennas, a statistically significant exposure–response trend with ALS incidence was reported. Compared with the non-exposure category, the highest exposure category showed increased ALS risk (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.28–2.48 in the non-cumulative model; RR 1.83, 95% CI 1.32–2.54 in the cumulative model).

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108525 · PMID: 31226626

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31226626/

Bioelectromagnetics · 2019 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22202 · PMID: 31236945

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31236945/

Study type: cross_sectional

Medycyna pracy · 2019 · PubMed

Workers using mobile phones for more than 60 min daily had significantly higher systolic blood pressure in office measurement and at night-time in ABPM compared with those talking less (p=0.04; p=0.036). Workers with the highest occupational stress had significantly higher systolic BP across 24-h and day-time measures (including during and after work) and higher day-time diastolic BP; 24-h heart rate correlated with occupational stress after adjusting for gender, life-stress and EMF. Cardiovascular response differed by gender, with more BP abnormalities in males and more ECG impairments in females.

DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.00805 · PMID: 31249426

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31249426/

Study type: animal

Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2019 · PubMed

Compared with control, mitotic index and chromosomal aberrations increased significantly after 4 h and after ≥2 h exposure, respectively. Phase index showed no specific changes. Comet assay showed significant changes in %HDNA (2 h) and %TDNA (4 h), while TM and OTM did not change significantly.

DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-00330-1 · PMID: 31297205

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31297205/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Radiation protection dosimetry · 2019 · PubMed

Continuous personal exposure meter recordings showed large temporal variability in RF-EMF levels; the max/min instantaneous E-field ratio during a day could reach 25 dB (20 dB for 6-min averaged values). Using 24 h time-averaged and an integral-based (energy-density) measure, daily exposure variability could remain within ±20% of the week mean. Time-averaged E-field and integral-based power density exposures at all locations were reported as well below ICNIRP general public exposure limits.

DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz154 · PMID: 31297514

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31297514/

Study type: other

PloS one · 2019 · PubMed

In scale-model poultry drinking systems, exposure of water to pulsed low-frequency EMF (up to 10,000 Hz; max 21 mT) was associated with changes in culturable bacterial counts with high variability; depending on system type, CFU counts were sometimes limited or increased, with some statistically significant differences early in treatment. Over 28 days, biofilm formation and microscopy-based counts of suspended cells did not differ between treated and control lines.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220302 · PMID: 31344112

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31344112/

Study type: engineering

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019 · PubMed

Modeling of a 13.56 MHz RFID HF reader (loop antenna 35 × 35 cm) found higher SAR in heads with hearing implants versus without. BAHA implants increased localized SAR up to 2.1× in the worst-case exposure scenario, and this increase was statistically higher than with Bonebridge implants (Kruscal-Wallis with Bonferroni correction, p < 0.017). The authors state that assessing exposure against limits for non-users may be insufficient to protect implant users when exposure approaches those limits.

DOI: 10.3390/s19173724 · PMID: 31466315

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31466315/

Study type: engineering

Medycyna pracy · 2019 · PubMed

The paper presents a simplified method to estimate EMF intensity from various sources (particularly cellular base stations) and describes Poland’s EMF monitoring system along with alternative methods. Verification of the proposed mobile monitoring setup suggested that errors from weather-resistant casing and vehicle roof placement were negligible in the uncertainty budget, and real-condition monitoring in Wrocław supported that the method provides reliable results without significant errors or distortions.

DOI: 10.13075/mp.5893.00840 · PMID: 31475993

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31475993/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Scientific reports · 2019 · PubMed

Using a numerical voxel rat model with 10 segmented brain regions, brain-region averaged SAR depended on EMF frequency, incidence direction, and E-polarization direction. Deviations between BRSAR and whole-body/whole-brain averaged SAR could be large (up to 13.1 dB vs WBDSAR and 9.59 dB vs WBRSAR), suggesting whole-body/whole-brain SAR may be unreliable proxies for region-specific SAR except under restricted conditions.

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49719-4 · PMID: 31527693

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31527693/

Study type: review

Journal of biomedical physics & engineering · 2019 · PubMed

The paper discusses evidence suggesting that RF-EMF carcinogenesis may follow a nonlinear J-shaped dose-response relationship, and notes that existing data on mobile-phone RF-EMF exposure and brain cancer are controversial.

DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.771 · PMID: 31531303

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31531303/

Study type: review

Medical devices (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019 · PubMed

This review summarizes established and emerging medical applications of non-ionizing EMF from 0 Hz to the THz range, mainly therapeutic uses with fewer diagnostic approaches. It concludes that current EMF-based methods generally have limited clinical impact and are unlikely to replace conventional methods, citing limited mechanistic understanding at low intensities, scarcity of well-performed randomized clinical trials demonstrating efficacy, and lack of standardized protocols; some methods may have niche complementary roles.

DOI: 10.2147/mder.s214152 · PMID: 31565000

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31565000/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 2019 · PubMed

CD4 T cells exposed to 60 Hz EMFs at 0.8 mT under Th9-polarizing conditions showed increased IL-9 secretion and increased expression of transcription factors important for Th9 development, with early increased GATA3 and increased STAT5/STAT6 phosphorylation. EMF exposure increased IL-2 expression, and the authors conclude Th9 differentiation was increased and appeared dependent on IL-2 signaling; co-culture of EMF-exposed Th9 cells with mast cells showed increased mast cell activation/inflammatory markers versus non-exposed Th9 co-cultures.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.22219 · PMID: 31663626

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31663626/

Study type: unknown

Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2019 · PubMed

After ELF-EMF treatment, IL-1β plasma level and IL-1β mRNA expression increased, and IL-2 plasma level increased; IFN-γ and TGF-β levels did not change.

DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2623 · PMID: 31690951

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31690951/

Study type: other

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2019 · PubMed

EMF treatments altered tea biochemical components. Shorter exposure (30 min) produced higher levels of flavonoid components than 60 min (except myricetin), with 30 min at 4 mT yielding the highest amounts of rutin, quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol. At higher intensities (>4 mT), concentrations of the mentioned biochemical components decreased.

DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00702-3 · PMID: 31736547

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31736547/

Study type: animal

Stem cell research & therapy · 2019 · PubMed

SEMF and VEGF enhanced osteoblast- and endothelial cell-related marker expression in rBMSCs. The combination SEMF+VEGF slightly promoted angiogenic differentiation and showed higher Wnt1/LRP-6/β-catenin protein levels than other induced groups. In vivo, tissue-engineered constructs significantly promoted new bone formation and angiogenesis compared with other groups.

DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1464-x · PMID: 31842985

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31842985/

Study type: animal

Stem cell research & therapy · 2019 · PubMed

EMF treatment increased P2X7 expression in h-MSCs during osteogenic induction (not in regular culture) and increased activity of the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin axis. Inhibition of P2X7 or PI3K/Akt partially reduced EMF pro-osteogenic effects, while adding a P2X7 agonist with EMF increased osteogenic marker expression more than EMF alone; in OVX rats, combined EMF + P2X7 agonist was more efficacious than EMF alone.

DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1497-1 · PMID: 31864409

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31864409/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019 · PubMed

Simulations across seven scenarios found SAR compliant with general public limits at emissions up to 1 W. In worst-case scenarios, emissions >2 W (reading range >5 m) could exceed general public SAR limits in the user’s palm and torso and in the torso of a bystander or scanned person; occupational limits may be exceeded when emission >5 W. The abstract notes particular concern for people with electronic medical implants and pregnant women in close proximity, even at 1 W.

DOI: 10.3390/s20010202 · PMID: 31905869

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31905869/

Study type: in_vitro

Electromagnetic biology and medicine · 2019 · PubMed

Human fibroblast cultures with high concentrations of silver nanoparticles (triangular, spherical, colloidal) or graphene nanoparticles were exposed to EMF at 900, 2400, and 7500 MHz. EMF-associated cytotoxicity depended on AgNP shape and concentration, with maximal cell killing observed at 900 MHz across nanoparticle shapes and concentrations. EMF exposure increased ROS formation for triangular and colloidal AgNPs but not for spherical AgNPs; graphene nanoparticles showed concentration-dependent ROS-protective activity, and the highest temperature elevation was reported for graphene nanoparticle solution irradiated at 900 MHz.

DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1534740 · PMID: 30409044

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30409044/

Study type: animal

Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2019 · PubMed

In the spleen, T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA expression decreased in rats exposed to 50 Hz fields at 1 and 100 μT. Serum IFN-γ and IL-4 levels were significantly decreased in the 100 μT group only at the prestimulation phase (day 31, before HSA), with no decrease reported poststimulation.

DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0105 · PMID: 30562132

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30562132/

Study type: animal

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2019 · PubMed

C. elegans exposed to 50 Hz, 3 mT ELF-EMF showed significant lipidomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic changes, including elevated triacylglycerols and altered expression of proteins and genes. GO/pathway analyses indicated lipid metabolism alteration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activation of stress defense responses following ELF-EMF exposure.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.137 · PMID: 30579161

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30579161/

Study type: randomized_trial

Journal of clinical trials · 2019 · PubMed

This is a study protocol for an open-label randomized controlled trial evaluating whether mobile phone SMS reminders (added to standard of care) improve malaria treatment adherence and day 3 post-treatment reviews compared with standard of care alone.

DOI: 10.4172/2167-0870.1000217 · PMID: 31285980

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31285980/