Study type: case_control

Int J Oncol · 2009 · Manual

In two Swedish case-control studies, ipsilateral use of mobile and cordless phones was associated with higher odds of astrocytoma, especially with >10 years latency (mobile phone OR 3.3, 95% CI 2.0-5.4; cordless phone OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.3-11). For acoustic neuroma, the highest odds were reported for ipsilateral mobile phone use with >10 years latency (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.2), while the cordless phone estimate was imprecise (OR 2.3, 95% CI 0.6-8.8). Highest risks were also reported among subjects with first use before age 20 years.

DOI: 10.3892/ijo_00000307 · PMID: 19513546

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19513546/

Study type: animal

Radiat Res · 2009 · Manual

Across four generations of C57BL mice chronically exposed to UMTS-like fields (~1966 MHz) at mean whole-body SARs of 0.08, 0.4, and 1.3 W/kg (plus sham), the study reports no harmful effects on fertility or development; pup number and development were not affected. Some data suggested effects on food consumption, without a clear dose-response relationship.

DOI: 10.1667/rr1460.1 · PMID: 19138054

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19138054/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of peptides · 2009 · PubMed

Peptide bond synthesis on PEGA beads under microwave radiation showed improved reaction kinetics for both classical chemical coupling and thermolysin-catalyzed synthesis. The study also assessed beads' integrity and enzyme activity under microwave radiation.

DOI: 10.1155/2009/362482 · PMID: 20721296

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20721296/

Study type: engineering

The Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy : a publication of the International Microwave Power Institute · 2009 · PubMed

The study investigates stability of specified metallic glassy powders and formation of bulk metallic glassy samples using microwave heating in a single mode cavity at 915 MHz (alternating magnetic field maximum). The abstract notes general advantages of microwave volumetric heating over conventional heating (energy savings, high heating rates, process cleanness).

DOI: 10.1080/08327823.2008.11688607 · PMID: 21384723

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21384723/

Study type: engineering

Journal of hazardous materials · 2009 · PubMed

A continuous pilot-scale microwave system (output power 4.8 kW; capacity ~5 m^3/day) was tested on real coke-plant wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentrations of 2400–11000 mg/L. Ammonia removal could reach about 80% under the evaluated operating conditions, and the running cost was reported as slightly lower than conventional steam-stripping.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.113 · PMID: 19304377

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19304377/

Study type: other

International journal of radiation biology · 2009 · PubMed

Microwave irradiation at 35 GHz (surface power density 30 microW/cm^2) was associated with chromatin condensation in isolated human buccal epithelium cells. The degree of chromatin condensation varied by polarization (left circularly polarized sometimes less than linearly polarized), and linearly polarized waves were associated with increased cell staining interpreted as membrane damage.

DOI: 10.1080/09553000902781113 · PMID: 19399677

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19399677/

Study type: randomized_trial

Toxicology letters · 2009 · PubMed

In repeated blood samples before and after a 30 min GSM 890 MHz exposure (average SAR 1.0 W/kg in the temporal head area), there was no statistically significant increase in serum S100B. Serum transthyretin showed a statistically significant increase in the final blood sample 60 min after exposure compared with the sample taken immediately after exposure (p=0.02); clinical significance was stated as unknown.

DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.027 · PMID: 19427372

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19427372/

Study type: animal

Toxicology · 2009 · PubMed

Wistar rats exposed to 915 MHz microwave radiation (2.4 W/m^2; whole-body average SAR 0.6 W/kg) showed increased DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes by both standard and Fpg-modified comet assays. The increase detected with the Fpg-modified assay suggests an oxidative component to the DNA damage.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.02.008 · PMID: 19428950

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19428950/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of toxicology · 2009 · PubMed

In Wistar rat lymphocytes exposed to 915-MHz microwave radiation (SAR 0.6 W/kg), pre-treatment with bee venom (1 µg/mL) decreased DNA damage compared with irradiated samples. Fpg-modified comet assay parameters were statistically different from controls and suggested oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of DNA damage induction; bee venom at the tested low concentration was reported as not genotoxic and not producing oxidative damage.

DOI: 10.1177/1091581809335051 · PMID: 19482833

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19482833/

Study type: other

Journal of neuroscience methods · 2009 · PubMed

Microwave-assisted immunohistochemistry enabled sequential labeling with several primary antibodies in a very short period of time with excellent labeling characteristics. The study also reports results on microwave-assisted formaldehyde fixation and its effect on GFP expression in transfected HeLa cells.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.06.002 · PMID: 19520116

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19520116/

Study type: other

Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2009 · PubMed

Using optimized nonthermal microwave parameters, near-complete inactivation of contaminant bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus) on bovine pericardial biomaterial was achieved. Mechanical, tensile, thermal, structural, and cytotoxicity assessments indicated microwave sterilization did not compromise tissue functionality, structure, or biocompatibility.

DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0350 · PMID: 19563253

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19563253/

Study type: in_vitro

Anticancer research · 2009 · PubMed

Human lymphocytes exposed in vitro for 53 hours to 18.0 GHz continuous-wave (1.0 W/m^2) or 16.5 GHz pulsed-wave (10 W/m^2) microwave radiation did not show statistically significant increases in chromosomal aberration frequencies. No synergistic effect was observed with MMC or with pre-exposure to tobacco smoke; a non-significant trend toward increased aberrations was noted for 16.5 GHz pulsed exposure in DNA synthesis/repair-inhibited cultures.

PMID: 19661291

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661291/

Study type: engineering

Chemosphere · 2009 · PubMed

Without microwave activation, the azo bond of methyl orange was partly broken on Pt with some decoloration, but TOC was not removed effectively. With in situ microwave activation of the Pt electrode, methyl orange was mineralized completely and efficiently, with intermediates (e.g., 2,5-dinitrophenol, p-nitrophenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone, maleic and oxalic acids) breaking down quickly, reducing poisoning effects from aromatic products.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.044 · PMID: 19683784

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19683784/

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2009 · PubMed

PMID: 19776345

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19776345/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research · 2009 · PubMed

Measurements in residential districts with base stations were higher than in districts without base stations (p<0.05). Intensity peaked at about 10 m from the station and generally decreased with distance; some window measurements exposed to base stations exceeded the GB9175-88 primary standard/safe level. Aluminum alloy security nets reduced measured intensity compared with outside the net (p<0.05), while glass windows showed almost no change (p>0.05).

PMID: 20047230

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20047230/

Study type: cohort

Cell biology and toxicology · 2009 · PubMed

Radar-facility workers occupationally exposed to microwave radiation (reported field 10 µW/cm²–20 mW/cm²; frequency range 1,250–1,350 MHz) had increased DNA damage by alkaline comet assay compared with controls, with inter-individual variation. In bleomycin-sensitivity testing, exposed subjects showed nearly threefold higher bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks than controls, and smokers vs non-smokers differed significantly within the exposed group. Results from the two assays were positively correlated.

DOI: 10.1007/s10565-008-9060-3 · PMID: 18214694

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214694/

Study type: engineering

Journal of hazardous materials · 2009 · PubMed

Microwave radiation was investigated as a process to remove ammonia nitrogen from wastewater; pH and radiation time significantly influenced removal, with the largest removal at pH 11 in 3 min. Compared with conventional heating, microwave radiation produced higher ammonia removal; the authors attribute removal to formation of NH3 and subsequent evaporation, with thermal effects more significant than non-thermal. In coke-plant wastewater (initial ammonia 5000 mg/L at pH 11), ammonia was reduced to 350 mg/L at 750 W after 10 min of microwave radiation.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.053 · PMID: 18502036

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18502036/

Study type: animal

Planta · 2009 · PubMed

Microwave pretreatment increased magnetic field intensity and seed temperature versus controls, and increased alpha-amylase activity and photon emission intensity (maximal at 10 s). Under PEG-induced osmotic stress, seedlings from microwave-pretreated seeds showed lower malondialdehyde and higher antioxidant-related enzyme activities and antioxidant concentrations compared with osmotic stress alone, suggesting improved resistance to osmotic stress.

DOI: 10.1007/s00425-008-0828-8 · PMID: 18841385

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18841385/

Study type: animal

Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2009 · PubMed

Compared with sham-exposed controls, 50-GHz microwave-exposed rats showed evidence of DNA double-strand breaks and significant decreases in GPx and SOD activity. Catalase activity increased significantly, and PKC decreased significantly in whole brain and hippocampus.

DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8469-8 · PMID: 19089649

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19089649/

Study type: animal

Auris, nasus, larynx · 2009 · PubMed

Twenty rabbits were exposed to 50 Hz electric fields of 5.068 kV/m or 10.182 kV/m for 3 h/day for 14 days. In the 10.182 kV/m group, DPOAE amplitudes increased at 1.5–4.0 kHz on days 6 and 14 (significant at 2.0 and 4.0 kHz), while at 6.0 kHz the day-14 amplitudes were significantly lower than post-exposure values, suggesting frequency-dependent effects.

DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2008.04.011 · PMID: 18606507

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18606507/

Study type: randomized_trial

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2009 · PubMed

In a chamber experiment varying infrasound and complex EMFs (infrasound, EMFs, both, or neither), many participants reported anomalous sensations, but the number of sensations reported was unrelated to experimental condition and was related to TLS scores. Authors suggest suggestibility as a parsimonious explanation.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2007.10.011 · PMID: 18635163

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18635163/

Study type: in_vitro

Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2009 · PubMed

TNF-alpha and LPS increased PGE2 release in bovine synovial fibroblasts. Exposure to EMFs (75 Hz, 1.5 mT) for 24 h inhibited PGE2 production without adenosine agonists and enhanced the inhibitory effects of CHA, CGS 21680, and NECA; the EMF inhibitory effect was lost in the presence of adenosine deaminase. Changes in PGE2 were associated with modifications in COX-2 expression.

DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.002 · PMID: 18640059

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18640059/

Study type: randomized_trial

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

In a double-blind cross-over provocation study (2.14 GHz, 10 V/m), women with mobile phone related symptoms did not differ from controls in their ability to detect EMF exposure. The MPRS group reported more discomfort regardless of real or sham exposure, with no significant autonomic changes; overall, no differences were found between groups in psychological, cognitive, or autonomic responses to real versus sham exposure.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20446 · PMID: 18780296

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18780296/

Study type: randomized_trial

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

Participants exposed to high/medium GSM base station RF-EMF (scenarios HM and MH) were significantly calmer during those sessions than participants in the low-exposure reference scenario LL (P = 0.042). No significant differences were found for good mood or alertness.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20447 · PMID: 18803247

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18803247/

Study type: cohort

The Science of the total environment · 2009 · PubMed

Among 52 workers, those with higher exposure (TWA >0.2 microT) showed a non-significant trend toward reduced NK activity versus low exposure (TWA ≤0.2 microT). In a subgroup of highest exposed workers (TWA >1 microT; n=12), NK activity was significantly reduced compared with low exposed workers across E:T ratios and in Lytic Units; multivariate analysis found a significant negative correlation between exposure and LU.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.08.012 · PMID: 18804846

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18804846/

Study type: animal

Mutation research · 2009 · PubMed

Seeds exposed to 400 or 900 MHz RF-EMF (10, 23, 41, 120 V/m; 2 h; with additional tests of 4 h and modulation at 23 V/m) showed no significant changes in germination rate or root length under any treatment. Mitotic effects were observed: at 900 MHz, higher field strengths (41 and 120 V/m) or modulated fields significantly increased the mitotic index, and mitotic abnormalities increased after all exposure treatments; at 400 MHz, the mitotic index increased only with modulated EMF, and higher numbers of mitotic abnormalities occurred with modulated EMF and with higher strengths (41 and 120 V/m).

DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.09.022 · PMID: 19028599

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19028599/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

In BEL-7402 liver cancer cells, apoptosis induced by low-dose X-ray irradiation was reported to be significantly increased when combined with ELF-EMF exposure compared with sham EMF. More EMF exposures were associated with higher apoptosis rates when combined with 2 Gy X-ray irradiation, suggesting a cumulative/synergistic effect in this in vitro setting.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20461 · PMID: 19051321

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19051321/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

Murine melanoma cells exposed to 900 MHz GSM-like modulated EMF (and GSM-like electric pulses) showed increased Lucifer Yellow uptake (fluid phase endocytosis). The increase was inhibited by chlorpromazine and ethanol (clathrin-pathway inhibitors) but not by Filipin (caveolin-pathway inhibitor), suggesting stimulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis; temperature was controlled and authors state the effect was not thermal.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20463 · PMID: 19072782

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19072782/

Study type: animal

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2009 · PubMed

Rabbits exposed to 5.068 kV/m or 10.182 kV/m electric fields for 14 days showed no significant differences in TEOAE amplitudes at day 6 or day 14 compared with baseline, except for a significant transient decrease at 1.5 kHz in right ear recordings in the 5.068 kV/m group on day 6. No significant differences were found between exposure groups at any time point.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.11.011 · PMID: 19128843

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19128843/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

In 17 healthy young adults, MMN responses to multiple auditory deviant types were recorded with a GSM mobile phone placed on either ear with EMF on versus off (902 MHz, pulsed at 217 Hz; SAR(1g)=1.14 W/kg). MMN was elicited by all deviant types, and MMN amplitude and latency showed no significant differences due to EMF exposure for any deviant type; authors report no conclusive evidence of an acute effect on MMN.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20470 · PMID: 19140136

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19140136/

Study type: cross_sectional

Occupational and environmental medicine · 2009 · PubMed

Across five health scores, no differences in medians were observed for exposed versus non-exposed participants based on measured RF-EMF from mobile phone base stations. Participants who attributed adverse health effects to base stations reported more sleep disturbances and health complaints, but not more headaches or worse mental/physical health; concern about base stations was not associated with different well-being scores.

DOI: 10.1136/oem.2008.039834 · PMID: 19151228

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19151228/

Study type: in_vitro

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2009 · PubMed

In biomimetic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with l-arginine surface modification, exposure to an electromagnetic field (EMF) reduced charge and increased softness of the SLNs. Lipid composition (cacao butter fraction) and l-arginine surface coverage also altered diameter, charge, and softness.

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.01.001 · PMID: 19181492

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19181492/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

Pregnant rats were exposed to 1.95-GHz W-CDMA signals to the head region during gestational days 7–17 at designed spatial-average brain SARs of 0.67 or 2.0 W/kg (peak brain SARs 3.1 or 7.0 W/kg). No adverse effects were observed on maternal weight gain or on reproductive/embryotoxic outcomes including fetal viability, placental weight, sex ratio, fetal weight, or external/visceral/skeletal abnormalities at gestational day 20.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20456 · PMID: 19194858

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19194858/

Study type: animal

Brain research · 2009 · PubMed

Rats exposed postnatally to 900 MHz EMF (1 h/day for 28 days) showed a significant decrease in the number of pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA region compared with controls (P<0.05). Qualitative histopathological observation also indicated cell loss in the CA region in the EMF-exposed group.

DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.011 · PMID: 19230827

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19230827/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

No statistically significant differences were found in DPOAE audiological signals between UMTS-exposed and sham-exposed rats. The positive control group treated with kanamycin showed the expected ototoxic effect.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20483 · PMID: 19242955

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19242955/

Study type: animal

Congenital anomalies · 2009 · PubMed

Chicken embryos exposed to a ringing mobile phone showed duration-dependent changes in retinal histomorphology. Exposure for 10 post-incubation days was associated with decreased retinal growth and mild epithelial pigmentation, while exposure for 15 post-incubation days was associated with growth enhancement and more intense pigmentation. The authors conclude mobile-phone EMF deranged retinal differentiation.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2008.00214.x · PMID: 19243412

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19243412/

Study type: review

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2009 · PubMed

This narrative review summarizes limited evidence on health and wellbeing effects from mobile phone base station signals. Cross-sectional studies of subjective health by distance or measured field strength reported indications of an exposure-related effect, and experimental short-term exposure studies showed varied results with weak evidence that UMTS (and to a lesser degree GSM) reduces wellbeing in self-reported sensitive individuals. Two ecological studies reported increased cancer incidence within 350–400 m of base stations, but the design limitations prevent firm conclusions; animal and in vitro findings were described as inconclusive, including a non-replicated rat tumor finding at SAR 1.4 W/kg and mixed oxidative stress results across in vivo and in vitro studies.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.01.008 · PMID: 19261451

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19261451/

Study type: review

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2009 · PubMed

The abstract states that EMF in both ELF and RF ranges activate the cellular stress response, including induction of stress response genes (e.g., HSP70) and increased stress proteins. It also states that increasing EMF energy in the RF range can lead to DNA strand breaks and argues that safety limits should be based on biological responses rather than thermal thresholds.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.01.006 · PMID: 19268550

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19268550/

Study type: review

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2009 · PubMed

Review of 101 in vivo and in vitro publications on RF-EMF genotoxicity: 49 reported a genotoxic effect and 42 did not; 8 found no direct influence but reported RF-EMF enhanced genotoxic effects of other agents. The authors conclude there is ample evidence that RF-EMF can alter genetic material of exposed cells in vivo and in vitro.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.11.004 · PMID: 19285841

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19285841/

Study type: animal

Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2009 · PubMed

Whole-body pulsed EMF exposure at 2.45 GHz (mean power density 2.8 mW/cm^2) induced significant age- and dose-dependent changes in proliferating cell numbers within the rostral migratory stream. The authors conclude that concerns about possible EMF risk are justified at least with regard to early postnatal neurogenesis.

DOI: 10.1007/s10571-009-9385-3 · PMID: 19305951

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19305951/

Study type: engineering

Physics in medicine and biology · 2009 · PubMed

In simulations of a head model exposed to a uniform plane wave at 900, 1750 and 1950 MHz, the presence of a cochlear implant produced negligible variations in averaged SAR values in the head and cochlear tissues. Very localized differences in point SAR were observed in the cochlea.

DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/8/n03 · PMID: 19321926

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19321926/

Study type: case_control

PloS one · 2009 · PubMed

Tinnitus was more frequent among electromagnetic hypersensitive participants than controls (50.72% vs 17.5%), while tinnitus duration and severity did not differ between groups. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity and tinnitus were independent risk factors for sleep disturbances. Individual EMF-exposure measures (e.g., cell phone use) showed no association with tinnitus.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005026 · PMID: 19325894

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19325894/

Study type: animal

Electromagnetic biology and medicine · 2009 · PubMed

Mice exposed for 4 days to a 50 Hz magnetic field (Bm = 2 mT) showed no change in c-Fos expression, while c-Jun expression decreased after exposure. The reported results did not depend on sex.

DOI: 10.1080/15368370802711870 · PMID: 19337900

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19337900/

Study type: animal

Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2009 · PubMed

Iron overload did not affect performance in the Morris water maze or 8-arm radial maze, but impaired detection of a spatial change in an object exploration task, correlating with modifications of serotoninergic metabolism. In a second experiment, combined low-frequency EMF exposure and iron overload produced similar mild impairment in spatial change detection, and EMF exposure did not potentiate the effects of iron overload in young rats.

DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2009.04.002 · PMID: 19394433

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19394433/

Study type: review

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2009 · PubMed

This review summarizes papers reporting that modern, man-made EMFs disturb immune function via allergic and inflammatory responses and effects on tissue repair processes, potentially increasing risks for diseases including cancer. It states that such effects are reported at exposure levels below many current safety limits and concludes existing public safety limits are inadequate, advocating biologically based exposure standards and limits on further deployment of untested technologies.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2009.03.004 · PMID: 19398310

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19398310/

Study type: in_vitro

International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society · 2009 · PubMed

MCF-7 cells exposed to a highly homogeneous 50-Hz EMF at 1.2 microT showed markedly increased expression of the urokinase plasminogen activator gene and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1. Expression of the receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator was only marginally increased in one of two tested cell lines, and tissue plasminogen activator expression was at least slightly down-regulated in EMF-exposed cells.

DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e31819f53ec · PMID: 19407555

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19407555/

Study type: in_vitro

Neuroscience letters · 2009 · PubMed

In both in vitro models, 900 MHz GSM-modulated RF-EMF exposure at 1 W/kg reduced the number of neurites generated. This morphological alteration correlated with increased beta-thymosin mRNA expression after 24 h exposure.

DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.061 · PMID: 19429115

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19429115/

Study type: randomized_trial

Bioelectromagnetics · 2009 · PubMed

In PET scans obtained before, during, and after unilateral 30 min exposure, subtraction analysis found no significant rCBF changes for W-CDMA EMF exposure compared with sham.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.20508 · PMID: 19475648

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19475648/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Environmental research · 2009 · PubMed

Mean weekly exposure to all RF-EMF sources was 0.13 mW/m^2 (0.22 V/m), with individual mean range 0.014–0.881 mW/m^2. Main contributors were mobile phone base stations (32.0%), mobile phone handsets (29.1%), and DECT phones (22.7%); exposures were higher among DECT or mobile phone owners than non-owners. Mean values were highest in trains (1.16 mW/m^2) and airports (0.74 mW/m^2), higher in daytime (0.16 mW/m^2) than nighttime (0.08 mW/m^2), and the correlation between first and second week mean exposure was 0.61.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2009.04.015 · PMID: 19476932

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19476932/

Study type: other

Environmental health : a global access science source · 2009 · PubMed

Twenty occupational settings and a cohort of amateur radio operators were evaluated for feasibility of a cohort study on health risks from occupational RF-EMF exposure. Three cohorts were initially identified as promising (broadcasting station technicians, amateur radio operators, dielectric heat sealer workers), but dielectric heat sealer workers were judged not feasible due to small numbers and difficulty assessing exposure despite high exposure. Overall, most occupational RF-EMF groups were considered impracticable for a cohort study because of small numbers or exposure levels only marginally higher than the general public.

DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-8-23 · PMID: 19480652

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19480652/