Study type: animal

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 2002 · PubMed

In Drosophila embryos, 5-min exposure to non-modulated 460 MHz microwaves at 6 W/kg SAR with heating had an effect only slightly stronger at increased temperature (up to 40°C) than at normal temperature (24.5°C). Pulse-modulated exposure (6, 10, 16, 22 p.p.s.) with average SAR 0.12 W/kg (pulsed SAR 3 W/kg) combined with increased temperature produced pulse-rate-dependent changes in PID: increases at 6 and 22 p.p.s. were close to those at normal temperature, while at 10 and 16 p.p.s. no noticeable developmental effect was observed.

PMID: 12004617

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12004617/

Study type: in_vitro

Differentiation; research in biological diversity · 2002 · PubMed

A 1-hour non-thermal 900 MHz GSM exposure altered the phosphorylation pattern of multiple proteins in EA.hy926 cells, including a transient increase in hsp27 phosphorylation. The hsp27 phosphorylation increase was prevented by the p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580, and exposure also caused transient changes in hsp27 and p38MAPK protein expression levels; measured culture temperature did not change during irradiation.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-0436.2002.700207.x · PMID: 12076339

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12076339/

Study type: other

Electrophoresis · 2002 · PubMed

Exposure to microwaves at 37.5 GHz (8 mm) or 18.75 GHz (16 mm) at 0.2 mW/cm^2 induced changes in ENN during 15–60 s irradiation; ENN decreased in donors with elevated baseline ENN and increased in donors with low baseline ENN. No significant difference was found between 8 mm and 16 mm exposures. Microwave irradiation increased membrane permeability to indigo Carmine in cells of all donors regardless of initial ENN.

DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200207)23:13<2074::aid-elps2074>3.0.co;2-a · PMID: 12210261

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12210261/

Study type: in_vitro

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] · 2002 · PubMed

Using a cDNA microarray of 97 target genes, seven genes showed increased transcription (reported fold-changes 2.07 to 3.68) after 2450 MHz simulated microwave exposure. No notably down-regulated genes were detected; the study also compared microwave exposure with a heat water bath condition.

PMID: 12411184

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12411184/

Study type: unknown

International archives of allergy and immunology · 2002 · PubMed

Microwave radiation from mobile phones enhanced allergen-induced skin wheal responses (house dust mite and Japanese cedar pollen) but had no effect on histamine-induced wheal responses in patients with AEDS. Microwave radiation also increased plasma levels of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in these patients.

DOI: 10.1159/000067592 · PMID: 12483040

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12483040/

Study type: review

Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2002 · PubMed

Commercial aircraft crewmembers are exposed to higher doses of ionizing radiation than the general population in most parts of the world, primarily from galactic cosmic radiation. Additional ionizing exposure can occur during infrequent solar events and from radioactive cargo. Crewmembers are also exposed to nonionizing radiation from aircraft electrical/electronic systems and potentially from weather radar (microwave), lasers, and ultraviolet radiation.

PMID: 11872442

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11872442/

Study type: other

Die Nahrung · 2002 · PubMed

Boiling, grilling, and frying performed conventionally or using microwave radiation did not reduce the n-3 PUFA fraction of total fatty acids in herring fillets. Peroxide and anisidine values were reported to be insignificantly influenced, with little difference between conventional and microwave heating, indicating low oxidation products.

DOI: 10.1002/1521-3803(20021101)46:6<383::aid-food383>3.0.co;2-l · PMID: 12577584

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12577584/

Study type: in_vitro

Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES · 2002 · PubMed

Microwave exposure alone (2450 MHz, 5.0 mW/cm2 for 2 h) did not significantly increase comet length or micronucleated cell rates versus controls. MMC increased DNA damage and (at higher doses) micronucleated cell rates. Microwave pre-exposure followed by MMC increased comet assay DNA damage compared with corresponding MMC doses at MMC doses ≥0.025 microgram/mL, while micronucleated cell rates in MW+MMC groups were not significantly higher than corresponding MMC-only groups.

PMID: 12642984

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12642984/

Study type: other

Prehospital emergency care · 2002 · PubMed

In a coal-fired electrical generation plant with electromagnetic fields reported as 310–1,600 milligauss, three commercially available AEDs correctly recognized simulated ventricular fibrillation, asystole, and normal sinus rhythm in three high-EMF areas. All AEDs appropriately recommended defibrillation for ventricular fibrillation, and no misinterpretations or inappropriate defibrillations were observed.

DOI: 10.1080/10903120290938814 · PMID: 11789654

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11789654/

Study type: randomized_trial

Bioelectromagnetics · 2002 · PubMed

In a double-blind laboratory perception task (100 V/m electric field; 6 microT magnetic field), 7/63 subjects achieved statistically significant performance suggesting a small EMF-sensitive subgroup. There was no relevant difference between self-reported EHS participants and controls in perception success rate or in the number and types of symptoms during the test. The authors conclude that self-reported EHS was not a prerequisite for perceiving weak EMF, and perceiving weak EMF was not a prerequisite for reporting EHS.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.95 · PMID: 11793403

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11793403/

Study type: policy

Bioelectromagnetics · 2002 · PubMed

Report from an international seminar on EMF exposure in the 300 Hz to 10 MHz intermediate frequency range, focusing on sources of exposure, biophysical and dosimetric considerations for extrapolating biological data from other frequency ranges, and identifying potential health concerns and needs for developing exposure guidelines. Concludes with recommendations for further research to improve health risk assessments in this frequency range.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.99 · PMID: 11793407

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11793407/

Study type: case_control

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2002 · PubMed

In a case-control analysis (290 cognitively impaired vs 580 sex-matched controls), higher PF-EMF exposure defined by former electrical work and/or living within 100 m of high-voltage transmission lines showed odds ratios near unity versus background exposure (occupation OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.7–2.3; residential OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.3–2.6; both OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.2–4.6). The authors report little support for a link between PF-EMF and cognitive impairment, while noting results do not preclude associations with specific neurodegenerative diseases.

DOI: 10.1097/00043764-200201000-00011 · PMID: 11802468

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11802468/

Study type: animal

Journal of cellular biochemistry · 2002 · PubMed

Several long-term exposure protocols produced statistically significant decreases in protection against hypoxic stress (continuous ELF; 30 or 60 min ELF twice daily; 30 or 60 min RF once daily). After 4 days of ELF exposure, HSP70 levels declined by 27% compared with controls. Superposition of ELF-EMF noise inhibited hypoxia de-protection caused by long-term continuous ELF or daily repeated RF exposures.

DOI: 10.1002/jcb.10036.abs · PMID: 11813250

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11813250/

Study type: cross_sectional

Archives of medical research · 2002 · PubMed

Most measured hematologic and immunologic parameters were similar between welders and controls. CD4 and CD8 levels were lower in welders (p<0.001 and p<0.05), and hematocrit was higher in welders (p<0.05), but differences were reported as not clinically significant. ELF magnetic field intensities in welding areas ranged from 0.10 to 0.25 mT; authors conclude ELF EMF do not affect these parameters.

DOI: 10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00337-x · PMID: 11825628

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11825628/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 2002 · PubMed

Exposure to a 0.15 mT, 60 Hz sinusoidal EMF significantly protected HL-60, HL-60R, and Raji cells from heat-induced apoptosis after 12 h of exposure, and this protection persisted up to 48 h after EMF removal. EMF exposure for 24 h significantly decreased DNA repair rates in HL-60 and HL-60R cells but not in Raji cells.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.103 · PMID: 11835257

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11835257/

Study type: in_vitro

Cell biology international · 2002 · PubMed

In transiently transfected Jurkat cells carrying calcium-ion dependent luciferase reporter constructs, exposure to a sinusoidal 50 Hz magnetic field showed no indication of influencing reporter activity, either alone or combined with ionomycin, phorbol ester, or anti-CD3 cross-linking.

DOI: 10.1006/cbir.2001.0837 · PMID: 11846450

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11846450/

Study type: review

Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2002 · PubMed

Review of 24 epidemiological studies of residential ELF electric and magnetic field exposure and childhood leukemia found about half reported positive associations and half null. The authors note that positive studies had potential biases that could not be confidently excluded, and methodologically stronger studies were more often null; they conclude evidence supporting an association is weak.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02897328 · PMID: 21432262

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21432262/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Assistenza infermieristica e ricerca : AIR · 2002 · PubMed

EMF exposure levels of nurses in a neonatal intensive care unit were recorded over two workdays. Peak levels >10 mG (1 microT) were registered, and exposure was described as almost permanent at >2 mG.

PMID: 11998343

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11998343/

Study type: randomized_trial

Neuro endocrinology letters · 2002 · PubMed

Mean urinary 6-OHMS levels did not differ significantly between the exposure day and control day at 7 p.m., midnight, or 7 a.m. Circadian variation in 6-OHMS was observed in all subjects.

PMID: 12019359

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12019359/

Study type: in_vitro

Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2002 · PubMed

In human amniotic fluid cells, 50 Hz 1 mT EMF alone showed no effect on PKC translocation. With co-exposure to TPA (10–100 nM), EMF produced a significant additive increase in PKC translocation and a small increase in total PKC activity versus TPA alone, while cell-cycle effects induced by TPA were not enhanced by EMF; no additive EMF effect was observed at 1 µM TPA.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1014802005672 · PMID: 12030371

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12030371/

Study type: other

Acta oto-laryngologica · 2002 · PubMed

Thirty volunteers with normal hearing were exposed to mobile telephone EMFs for 10 minutes; evoked OAEs were measured before and after exposure. No measurable change in evoked OAEs was detected and no subjects reported deterioration in hearing level.

DOI: 10.1080/000164802753648178 · PMID: 12030576

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12030576/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2002 · PubMed

In double-blind experiments, differentiating IMR-32 cells exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields (50, 100, 200 microT) for 4 h at different differentiation ages (2, 10, 16 days) showed no support for a relationship between APP695 gene transcription and either differentiation age or magnetic field exposure.

DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5394(02)00004-x · PMID: 12049751

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12049751/

Study type: animal

International urology and nephrology · 2002 · PubMed

In this rat model, EMF stimulation after orchiopexy was concluded to result in Leydig cell proliferation and increases in testosterone level and testis weight, but a decrease in germ cell population.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1014473407519 · PMID: 12090347

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12090347/

Study type: in_vitro

Mutation research · 2002 · PubMed

Human diploid fibroblasts exposed to intermittent ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1000 microT, 24 h) showed a reproducible significant increase in DNA strand break levels (mainly DSBs) compared with non-exposed controls, whereas continuous exposure did not. The intermittence pattern affected the magnitude of strand breaks, with the highest levels at 5 min field-on/10 min field-off, and an exposure-response relationship between magnetic flux density and DNA migration was reported.

DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(02)00109-2 · PMID: 12160887

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12160887/

Study type: randomized_trial

International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2002 · PubMed

In a randomized survey varying three cognitive factors, EMF-related complaints were reported more often by females and by people with higher somatization tendency; age showed no significant linear effect. A cognitive threat condition produced a significant contrast effect on EMF-related complaints among participants with high somatization tendency, suggesting cognition can influence reporting of EMF-related effects.

DOI: 10.1078/1438-4639-00170 · PMID: 12173533

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12173533/

Study type: randomized_trial

Radiation research · 2002 · PubMed

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased slowly by about 5 mmHg over the protocol, but analysis of variance indicated that changes in blood pressure and all other measured parameters were independent of EMF exposure. The authors conclude the findings do not support a nonthermal influence of mobile-phone EMF on cardiovascular autonomic nervous system parameters in healthy humans.

DOI: 10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0352:ioaref]2.0.co;2 · PMID: 12175313

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12175313/

Study type: policy

Medical hypotheses · 2002 · PubMed

The paper proposes applying medical triage principles to set biomedical and epidemiological research priorities. Using criteria about population at risk, disease burden, and biological plausibility, it concludes ELF-EMF and childhood leukaemia would not qualify for further urgent investigation, and that endocrine disruptors with unspecified endpoints would also not qualify for urgent investigation; it suggests the link between light, endocrine systems, and hormone-dependent cancers should be a higher research priority.

DOI: 10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00257-8 · PMID: 12208212

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12208212/

Study type: animal

The Journal of toxicological sciences · 2002 · PubMed

Mice exposed to 50-Hz alternating magnetic fields at 0.5 mT or 5.0 mT (rms) showed no significant differences versus sham in implantation losses, number of live fetuses, sex ratio, fetal weight, external abnormalities, or skeletal/visceral anomalies assessed on gestation day 18.

DOI: 10.2131/jts.27.131 · PMID: 12238137

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12238137/

Study type: case_report

Epidemiologia e prevenzione · 2002 · PubMed

The paper discusses two cases with subjective symptoms attributed by the subjects to EMF exposure from an overhead power line near their home. The abstract states that no direct cause-effect relationship between EHS symptoms and electromagnetic fields has been proved and that evidence for a pathogenetic mechanism is lacking.

PMID: 12408003

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12408003/

Study type: other

Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia · 2002 · PubMed

The abstract states that individual protective means against EMF are necessary and describes the "VITA" device as a leading protective device whose efficiency and safety are supported by research in some scientific institutions.

PMID: 12412339

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12412339/

Study type: animal

Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2002 · PubMed

In ovariectomized rats exposed to a 50 Hz, 1 mT electromagnetic field for 6 weeks, tibia cortical thickness increased (P < 0.002). Tibia Na and K levels increased (P < 0.001 and P < 0.002), and blood ALP increased (P < 0.05), while Ca, Mg, Li, and creatine did not differ significantly between exposed and unexposed groups.

DOI: 10.1007/s007740200050 · PMID: 12434162

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12434162/

Study type: animal

Hang tian yi xue yu yi xue gong cheng = Space medicine & medical engineering · 2002 · PubMed

Differentiated midbrain neural stem cells exposed to 20 Hz (8 mT) or 5 Hz (8 mT) EMF showed increased neuronal differentiation (higher MAP2+ percentage) versus sham exposure, with effects observed after 1 day. The time course differed by frequency: 20 Hz showed a gradual increase with the largest effect at 10 days, while 5 Hz showed the most significant effect at 5 days; at 10 days, 20 Hz had a more favorable effect than 5 Hz.

PMID: 12449147

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12449147/

Study type: randomized_trial

Journal of sleep research · 2002 · PubMed

In Experiment 1, 30-min unilateral head exposure to pulse-modulated 900 MHz EMF (vs sham) increased relative regional cerebral blood flow in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ipsilateral to exposure. In Experiment 2, after EMF exposure, EEG power increased in the alpha range prior to sleep onset and in the spindle frequency range during stage 2 sleep; non-pulse-modulated EMF did not enhance waking or sleep EEG power.

DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00314.x · PMID: 12464096

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12464096/

Study type: randomized_trial

Journal of dairy science · 2002 · PubMed

In a crossover switchback study of 16 lactating, pregnant Holstein cows kept under short-day conditions, exposure to a 10 kV/m electric field and 30 microT magnetic field increased DMI and plasma IGF-1 (P < 0.01). Mean GH was not affected, though a treatment-by-hour interaction was observed (lower during first 16 h, higher during last 8 h of sampling). Overall milk yield and component yields were not affected, but milk yield was higher during week 4 of treatment in exposed animals.

DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74371-3 · PMID: 12487451

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12487451/

Study type: other

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova · 2002 · PubMed

In 121 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy assessed before and after treatment, application of impulse complex modulated electromagnetic fields (100 Hz and 10 Hz) was reported to promote regression of basic clinical symptoms and improvement in several electroneuromyographic measures (including conduction function of peripheral nerves and reflex-related measures). The abstract states therapeutic efficacy was shown for 10 Hz exposure, particularly in early-stage diabetic polyneuropathy and diabetes duration up to 10 years.

PMID: 12520773

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12520773/

Study type: cross_sectional

AIHA journal : a journal for the science of occupational and environmental health and safety · 2002 · PubMed

Surveys were sent to 163 meeting participants and 49% (n=81) responded. Utility workers showed greater agreement with the current TLV standard and were less likely to perceive that ACGIH guidelines should be changed to be more strict compared with government, university, and other private sector workers. Workers with 10 years or more at their present job indicated less agreement with the acceptability of ACGIH guidelines to protect workers' health.

DOI: 10.1080/15428110208984750 · PMID: 12529919

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12529919/

Study type: engineering

Physical review letters · 2002 · PubMed

In a (La0.9Ba0.1)MnO3/Nb-doped SrTiO3 p-n junction, the metal-insulator transition temperature (corresponding to the ferromagnetic transition) was modulated from 290 K to 340 K as bias voltage increased from +1.0 V to +1.8 V. Magnetoresistance was also electrically modulated.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.027204 · PMID: 11801033

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11801033/

Study type: engineering

Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai zasshi · 2002 · PubMed

CT images (converted from DICOM to JPEG) were transmitted to a PDA via the Internet and/or a CDMA mobile phone. Visual image-quality evaluation (BVC analysis) indicated that at least a 50% compression ratio was needed for diagnosis, and 50% was considered most suitable when considering transmission speed.

DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.kj00003111390 · PMID: 12540767

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12540767/

Study type: other

Radiation and environmental biophysics · 2002 · PubMed

In lymphocyte cultures from 12 radiological workers, exposure to a 50 Hz pulsed magnetic field (triangular waveform; rise time ~1.2 ms; peak intensity 2.5 mT) was associated with a slight but statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in micronucleus frequency and in the cell proliferation parameter compared with matched controls.

DOI: 10.1007/s00411-002-0170-7 · PMID: 12541073

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12541073/

Study type: other

Progres en urologie : journal de l'Association francaise d'urologie et de la Societe francaise d'urologie · 2002 · PubMed

Ten renal tumours in six patients were treated with radiofrequency; nine tumours were devascularized after a single session and one required a second session 4 months later to achieve complete devascularization. The intraoperative complication rate was 16%, mean hospital stay was 9 days (4 days for percutaneous route), and mean follow-up was 13 months. Authors conclude the method is feasible and safe in terms of renal function, while noting need for further studies on radiological criteria and long-term outcomes.

PMID: 12545624

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12545624/

Study type: engineering

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2002 · PubMed

The authors propose a Bayesian, spatially constrained local autoregressive spectral estimation method using smoothness priors via a nonquadratic Markov random field. Validation on simulated RF images and testing on in vivo echocardiographic RF images showed improved spectral estimation versus the conventional Burg technique, specifically reduced variance while preserving/discriminating spectral discontinuities.

DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2002.1159848 · PMID: 12546150

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12546150/

Study type: engineering

Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2002 · PubMed

The authors designed and built a low-frequency pulsed strong magnetic field generator producing pulsed magnetic fields with intensity 0.1–2.5 T and adjustable pulse intervals. The device is described as easy to operate, reliable, and capable of steady long-term operation, and it has been used in experiments on biological effects of electromagnetics.

PMID: 12561349

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12561349/

Techniques in coloproctology · 2002 · PubMed

PMID: 12561810

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12561810/

Study type: case_report

Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica · 2002 · PubMed

The paper describes an original technique for transsegmental partial splenic resection using an RF generator (Radionic Cool Tip) without additional hemostatic procedures. The authors state that when used properly it is a practically zero blood loss technique, and they present one patient treated with this method; they note further clinical application is necessary.

DOI: 10.2298/aci0203019m · PMID: 12587443

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12587443/

Study type: case_control

Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2002 · PubMed

In this population-based case-control study, self-reported workplace proximity to radar units, radiofrequency emitters, electrical machines, high-voltage lines/transmission installations, or visual display units/complex electrical environments was not associated with an excess risk of testicular cancer (ORs ~0.7–1.0 with CIs including 1). Expert-assessed potential radar exposure also showed no increased risk (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.13–1.16).

DOI: 10.1023/a:1021999000651 · PMID: 12588085

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12588085/

Study type: review

International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology · 2002 · PubMed

This review aims to summarize reported biological effects of electromagnetic fields from various sources including power/transmission lines, household/workplace electronic devices, cellular telephones, and wireless communication towers, with particular attention to effects on mammalian immune system cell lines.

DOI: 10.1177/039463200201500204 · PMID: 12590871

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12590871/

Study type: engineering

Magnetic resonance imaging · 2002 · PubMed

3D finite-difference simulations using permeability distributions from segmented CT images found considerable susceptibility-induced static magnetic field inhomogeneities in inferior frontal and inferior temporal lobes, particularly near the sphenoid sinus and temporal bones. Air/tissue interfaces at the shoulders induced substantial inhomogeneities in occipital lobes and cerebellum, while lung air/tissue interfaces had less influence on brain field. Tilting the head backwards could significantly reduce inhomogeneities superior to the planum sphenoidale and in occipital lobes/cerebellum.

DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(02)00601-x · PMID: 12591571

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12591571/

Study type: randomized_trial

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2002 · PubMed

In the statistical analysis (15 pulsed magnetic field vs 17 sham), WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index decreased from 84.1 (+/-45.1) to 49.7 (+/-31.6) in the pulsed magnetic field group and from 73.7 (+/-43.3) to 66.9 (+/-52.9) in the sham group (p=0.03). Secondary measures (gait speed, stride length, and acceleration time in strength tests) improved more in the pulsed magnetic field group than in the sham group.

PMID: 12602111

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12602111/

Study type: engineering

Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2002 · PubMed

A two-dimensional finite element model (1/2 section) was used to calculate Maxwell stress and derive attractive force between a magnet and keeper in a cup-yoke-type magnetic attachment. The calculated attractive force reflected the trend of variable factors and was about 10% lower than the examined value.

PMID: 12607373

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12607373/

IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine : the quarterly magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society · 2002 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1109/memb.2002.1175149 · PMID: 12613222

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12613222/