Study type: review

Biofizika · 1998 · Manual

This paper generalises experimental and theoretical studies on the combined action of weak electrical fields and constant and variable low-frequency magnetic fields on physicochemical and biological systems. It reports that weak magnetic fields with parameters close to the geomagnetic field selectively affect aqueous solutions of organic molecules by initiating chemical reactivity and ion conductivity processes.

PMID: 9783064

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9783064/

Study type: other

Medycyna pracy · 1998 · PubMed

Workers occupationally exposed to microwave radiation showed increased IgG and IgA concentrations, increased lymphocyte and T8 lymphocyte counts, decreased NK cell counts, and a lower T-helper/T-suppressor ratio. The abstract states these immune changes had no clinical implications.

PMID: 9587910

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9587910/

Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 1998 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1016/s0890-6238(98)00028-8 · PMID: 9717701

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9717701/

Study type: other

Neuroreport · 1998 · PubMed

The investigators report that pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phones altered distinct aspects of the brain’s electrical response to acoustic stimuli. Differences were observed for induced (but not evoked) brain activity during exposure, appearing in higher frequency bands for task-relevant target stimuli but not for irrelevant standard stimuli.

DOI: 10.1097/00001756-199810050-00018 · PMID: 9831456

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9831456/

Study type: animal

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 1998 · PubMed

In 22 rabbits, pulsed microwave irradiation influenced extracellular activity of individual cortical nerve cells in sensorimotor and occipital areas. Responses included either increased or decreased discharge frequency, related to the initial background discharge pattern; the irradiation mode was described as having a "correcting" action.

PMID: 9876500

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9876500/

Study type: engineering

Bioelectromagnetics · 1998 · PubMed

Using a dimensionless bioheat-equation analysis, the thermal response to microwave/infrared irradiation is governed by two time constants: a perfusion-related convection constant (tau1, ~20–30 min for normal perfusion) and a conduction constant (tau2) that scales with the square of a characteristic heating distance. For two idealized geometries (surface-area exposure with exponentially decreasing SAR; localized hemispherical uniform SAR), the steady-state temperature rise can be expressed as incident power density times an effective time constant tau(eff) derived from tau1 and tau2; in limiting cases, temperature rise is dominated by conductive or convective transport. The block-model predictions are reported to agree well with recent data on thresholds for warmth/pain perception from microwave exposure, and the authors propose a thermal averaging time concept for standards and compare …

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-186x(1998)19:7<420::aid-bem3>3.0.co;2-3 · PMID: 9771585

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9771585/

Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia · 1998 · PubMed

PMID: 9885502

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9885502/

Study type: review

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 1998 · PubMed

Biochemical data are presented on the influence of microwave-range electromagnetic fields on hormonal-mediator regulation systems. The abstract discusses the possibility that biological effects may be modified under combined action of microwave radiation and a foreign protein.

PMID: 9889787

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9889787/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1998 · PubMed

Rats exposed for 8 months to 50 Hz EMF at 5 µT–1 kV/m or 100 µT–5 kV/m showed no pathological changes in growth rate, tissue morphology/histology (liver, heart, mesenteric lymph nodes, testes, bone marrow), or serum chemistry. Norepinephrine levels increased in the pineal gland at the higher field strength, and brain changes were reported involving the opioid system in several regions.

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-186x(1998)19:1<57::aid-bem7>3.0.co;2-3 · PMID: 9453708

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9453708/

Study type: other

Journal of biological physics · 1998 · PubMed

Using a soliton model of charge/energy transport in biological macromolecules, the authors analytically and numerically studied EMF influence on molecular solitons. Numerical simulations indicated soliton stability even for large-amplitude fields and enabled examination of phonon emission. The work reports two characteristic EMF frequencies: one associated with intensive energy absorption and sound-wave emission, and another associated with soliton photodissociation into a delocalized state.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1005096714234 · PMID: 23345667

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23345667/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1998 · PubMed

In SCL II cells, 48-h and 72-h continuous exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 0.8 and 1.0 mT produced statistically significant increases in micronucleus frequency and apoptosis. In AFC cells, exposures across 0.1–1.0 mT and 24–72 h showed no statistically significant differences versus controls.

PMID: 9492164

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9492164/

Study type: in_vitro

The Journal of biological chemistry · 1998 · PubMed

Exposure of DT40 lymphoma B cells to low energy EMF was associated with tyrosine kinase-dependent activation of PLC-gamma2 and increased inositol phospholipid turnover/IP3. Genetic disruption experiments indicated PLC-gamma2 (and its SH2 domains), SYK (requiring its C-terminal SH2 domain), and LYN are required for the EMF-induced signaling response, with FYN able to restore responsiveness in LYN-deficient cells when wild-type (but not kinase-dead) FYN was introduced.

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.7.4035 · PMID: 9461594

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9461594/

Study type: animal

The Biological bulletin · 1998 · PubMed

Across five strains tested on agar plates over a broad range of field conditions, no effect on population motility was demonstrated, and exposure period, cell density, and cell-cycle position did not alter susceptibility. After at least a month of preincubation at 20 µT, some strains showed increased motility (up to ~20%) at conditions predicted by an ion cyclotron resonance model, but the effect was described as ephemeral; real-time observations in strain #2038 showed an approximately 2-fold speed increase at ion cyclotron resonance conditions that was abolished at an even harmonic.

DOI: 10.2307/1543050 · PMID: 28570846

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28570846/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1998 · PubMed

A 20 Hz sinusoidal EMF (6 mT; 113 mV/cm max) increased collagen type I mRNA expression, with maximal enhancement of 3.7-fold in HO-197 cells and 5.4-fold in MO-192 cells. Similar enhancement was observed with TGF-beta and IGF-I; combined EMF plus growth factors was not synergistic. MO-192 cells produced an osteoblast-characteristic extracellular matrix, and the authors conclude EMF effects may be mediated via enhanced collagen type I mRNA expression leading to extracellular matrix synthesis.

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-186x(1998)19:4<222::aid-bem4>3.0.co;2-3 · PMID: 9581965

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9581965/

Study type: in_vitro

Current microbiology · 1998 · PubMed

At 5 G (12 experiments), EMF-exposed cultures showed a significant delay in phage yield 45–65 minutes after inoculation compared with controls, but the final phage concentration was not altered. At 25 G (N=5), results suggested impeded phage replication and increased phage yield. No differences were observed in sham-EMF experiments.

DOI: 10.1007/s002849900313 · PMID: 9541567

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9541567/

Study type: case_report

The International journal of neuroscience · 1998 · PubMed

Weekly transcranial applications of AC pulsed EMFs of picotesla flux density were associated with ~50% reduction in freezing frequency and ~80–90% reduction in falling frequency after 6 months, with UPRS freezing improving from 4 to 2 and falling from 4 to 1. Across 13 measures of Parkinsonian and pseudobulbar symptoms, pre- vs post-treatment differences were reported as highly significant (p < .005; Sign test).

DOI: 10.3109/00207459808986437 · PMID: 9622798

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9622798/

Study type: in_vitro

The Journal of biological chemistry · 1998 · PubMed

Exposure of DT40 lymphoma B-cells to low energy electromagnetic fields was associated with activation of PLC-gamma2 and increased inositol phospholipid turnover. EMF-induced PLC-gamma2 activation depended on BTK: BTK-deficient cells did not show enhanced PLC-gamma2 activation with EMF exposure, and reintroduction of wild-type (but not kinase-domain mutant) human btk restored EMF responsiveness.

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.20.12397 · PMID: 9575194

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9575194/

Study type: animal

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 1998 · PubMed

Electromagnetic fields with power density 0.4 to 10 mW/cm2 were reported to influence memory formation (imprinting) in chicks. The authors report the possibility of "fixing" modulated EMF information in the embryonic brain during the natal period with conservation of this information after birth.

PMID: 9633625

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9633625/

Study type: case_control

Cancer causes & control : CCC · 1998 · PubMed

Across various appliance exposures, some odds ratios were above 1.0 and others below 1.0. For electric blanket use by the child before diagnosis, adjusted ORs were 2.2 (95% CI 0.7–6.4) for leukemia, 1.6 (0.4–7.1) for CNS cancers, and 2.4 (1.0–6.1) for other solid cancers. For leukemia, the highest category of mean measured bedroom magnetic field (≥0.2 µT vs <0.1 µT) had an adjusted OR of 15.5 (1.1–224), but no exposure gradient was shown and no association was seen when exposure was categorized into thirds based on controls; daytime room magnetic field (≥0.2 µT vs <0.1 µT) had an adjusted OR of 5.2 (0.9–30.8).

DOI: 10.1023/a:1008825220759 · PMID: 9684710

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9684710/

Study type: in_vitro

Life sciences · 1998 · PubMed

Heat shock decreased luciferase activity and induced Hsp70/Hsp90 synthesis, whereas short exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields did not. Cells exposed to EMFs at 300–3000 microT showed luciferase activity similar to control cells, and Hsp70/Hsp90 synthesis was not increased by EMF exposure.

DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00298-7 · PMID: 9718073

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9718073/

Study type: cross_sectional

American journal of epidemiology · 1998 · PubMed

In southern Connecticut (1988–1991), very high current configuration wiring-coded homes were associated with manual jobs and with older homes (built before 1949; OR=73.24, 95% CI 29.53–181.65), lower assessed value, and higher traffic density (highest quartile; OR=3.99, 95% CI 1.17–13.62). The authors note these factors could confound associations between wiring code and health outcomes in EMF studies.

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009672 · PMID: 9737559

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9737559/

Study type: in_vitro

Mutation research · 1998 · PubMed

Human amniotic fluid cells exposed to 50 Hz, 1 mT magnetic fields showed statistically significant increases in micronucleus frequency under some exposure configurations: after 72 h vertical exposure in the Merritt-coil system, and after 24/48/72 h horizontal exposure in the Helmholtz-coil system. No effect was observed for vertical exposure in the Helmholtz-coil system or horizontal exposure in the Merritt-coil system. With the DNA-repair inhibitor APAP, MN increased dose-dependently, but additional MF exposure did not further increase MN frequency; authors conclude MN formation was not due to directly or indirectly induced clastogenic mechanisms and that field orientation/exposure system conditions are important determinants.

DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(98)00116-8 · PMID: 9757008

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9757008/

Study type: other

Medycyna pracy · 1998 · PubMed

Among 63 workers occupationally exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields at transforming/distributing stations, an increased risk of electrocardiographic disturbances was reported compared with 42 non-exposed controls. Under exposure to electric fields observed in the stations, the risk was reported as increased by 10%.

PMID: 9760436

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9760436/

Study type: in_vitro

Gynecologic oncology · 1998 · PubMed

Continuous EMF exposure at 2 G enhanced proliferation in two prostate and three endometrial cancer cell lines, and in only one ovarian cancer cell line, compared with sham controls. EMF increased metabolic activity within 96 h and increased absolute cell number and colony-forming efficiency. EMF had no effect on cisplatin- or paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity.

DOI: 10.1006/gyno.1998.5114 · PMID: 9784321

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9784321/

Study type: engineering

Physics in medicine and biology · 1998 · PubMed

A heterogeneous anatomical volume conductor model was used to compute endogenous electric fields and current densities from cardiac potentials, with computed results showing good agreement with measured EKG waveforms and isopotential surface maps. Endogenous electric fields and current densities in most tissues (except organs close to the heart such as lungs and liver) in the 40–70 Hz band were considerably smaller (about 5–10%) than fields induced by a 60 Hz high-voltage power line and by a 60 Hz uniform 1 mT magnetic field.

DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/43/10/027 · PMID: 9814536

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9814536/

Study type: in_vitro

Toxicology letters · 1998 · PubMed

Exposure of normal human skin fibroblasts to a 20 Hz, 7–8 mT electromagnetic field induced terminal differentiation within 14 days with 12 h/day exposure. The induction of terminal differentiation was reported to most likely not involve changes in c-myc protein, and PKA was characterized as a possible candidate involved in ELF-EMF-mediated growth inhibition and subsequent differentiation.

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00095-2 · PMID: 9820690

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9820690/

Study type: other

Toxicology letters · 1998 · PubMed

In a double-blind experiment with three conditions (EMF+noise, noise, control), participants exposed to 50 Hz, 1 mT EMF accompanied by 45 dB SPL noise showed reduced attention and perception (P<0.05) and reduced memory performance (P<0.1) versus control; noise alone did not differ from control. When stratified by self-rated EMF sensitivity, differences disappeared in the low-sensitivity group (N=30) and were more pronounced in sensitive participants (N=36).

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00096-4 · PMID: 9820691

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9820691/

Study type: in_vitro

The Journal of biological chemistry · 1998 · PubMed

In blinded exposure experiments with anti-IgM as a positive control, a 1-gauss 60-Hz EMF had no significant effect on Ins 1,4,5-P3 production. Using cells from the original investigators, the authors found no evidence supporting a causal effect of 1-gauss 60-Hz EMF exposure on protein-tyrosine kinase activities affecting Ins 1,4,5-P3 production.

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.49.32618 · PMID: 9830001

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9830001/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1998 · PubMed

After 12 h exposure of resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a 50-Hz pulsed electromagnetic field, IL-1β and IL-2 levels were not increased, while TNF-α concentration decreased significantly immediately after exposure. When cells were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin immediately before EMF exposure, IL-1β and TNF-α levels measured 24 and 48 h after treatment were significantly higher than controls (P < 0.05), IL-2 was significantly higher at the end of exposure, and proliferation indexes were significantly increased 48 h after treatment.

PMID: 9849913

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9849913/

Study type: other

Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury · 1998 · PubMed

The sinocarotid zone of 127 patients with essential hypertension stage I–II was exposed to electromagnetic millimetric and nanometric waves, and post-exposure changes were assessed across blood pressure, symptoms, hemodynamics, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. The authors report that differentiated indications for laser and short-wave-frequency therapy on the sinocarotid zone in essential hypertension were formulated based on these post-exposure changes.

PMID: 9889708

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9889708/

Study type: other

Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii, i lechebnoi fizicheskoi kultury · 1998 · PubMed

In physiotherapeutic doses, a low-frequency alternating magnetic field reportedly had no negative effects on hemodynamics or thermoregulation in women. The abstract suggests a positive action on inflammation, hypothesized to relate to stimulation of nonspecific immune resistance, and notes hemodynamic/thermoregulation parameters may be used to control/regulate exposure.

PMID: 9889718

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9889718/

Study type: animal

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 1998 · PubMed

After 30 minutes of in vivo exposure of white male rats to a constant static magnetic field (SMF) of 0.2 T, dehydration was detected in brain, kidney, and liver tissues. Ouabain binding at 5×10^-9 M decreased in brain, heart, spleen, and liver tissues and increased in kidney tissue; with longer exposure, dehydration of the whole organism was observed.

PMID: 9889785

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9889785/

Study type: animal

Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia · 1998 · PubMed

In rat tissues exposed to a permanent/static magnetic field (SMF), brain tissue (described as having higher initial hydration) was reported to be more sensitive, with brain hydration increasing depending on exposure time. Liver tissue hydration (described as initially the least hydrated) was reported as unchanged.

PMID: 9889786

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9889786/

Study type: other

European journal of ophthalmology · 1998 · PubMed

In 14 patients with endocrine ophthalmopathy, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy reduced scores for soft tissue involvement and proptosis. Mean scores for ocular movements, corneal state, and optic nerve function decreased but were not statistically significant. The therapy had no useful effect on visual signs and eye movements in two patients with illness duration longer than two years.

DOI: 10.1177/112067219800800409 · PMID: 9891898

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9891898/

Study type: animal

Biofizika · 1998 · PubMed

Repeated, prolonged exposure to weak alternating ultralow-frequency magnetic fields in mice was associated with circulating anemia, hypoxia, and other structure-metabolic changes, along with an increase in radioresistance.

PMID: 9914841

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9914841/

Study type: other

Central European journal of public health · 1998 · PubMed

In a pilot experimental study of 20 healthy volunteers exposed for 5 minutes to a GSM mobile phone (Motorola 8700; output power 1.5 W with antenna pulled up), no statistically significant effects were observed on VEP latencies or amplitudes.

PMID: 9919379

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9919379/

Study type: in_vitro

Cancer biochemistry biophysics · 1998 · PubMed

Chicken embryo primary retina cells exposed to a 60 Hz ELF electric field showed no alteration in enolase activity or enolase mRNA levels. Sham vs. control experiments were conducted to address ambient and stray magnetic fields and field uniformity.

PMID: 9923966

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9923966/

Study type: cross_sectional

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 1998 · PubMed

In telephone interviews of 40 respondents, participants described unpleasant sensations (e.g., burning feeling or dull ache) mainly in temporal, occipital, or auricular areas that often began minutes after starting a call and usually resolved within an hour after the call, though sometimes lasted longer. Symptoms were reported as not occurring with an ordinary handset and were reported as different from ordinary headaches; 75% of cases were associated with digital mobile phones. Some respondents reported relief by changing phone type or usage patterns; three reported local symptoms when wearing phones on belts, and one workplace cluster was noted.

DOI: 10.1093/occmed/48.6.357 · PMID: 10024730

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10024730/

Occupational medicine (Oxford, England) · 1998 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1093/occmed/48.7.472 · PMID: 10024749

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10024749/

Study type: other

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 1998 · PubMed

Three independent observers measured four bipolar electrogram intervals at sites of radiofrequency energy delivery in 28 patients. Interobserver reproducibility was low: only 50% of A0V0 intervals had interobserver differences <10 ms, and up to 43% of Va-QRS intervals had differences >30 ms; kappa values were <0.40, indicating poor agreement. The authors conclude that poor reproducibility limits the reliability of bipolar criteria for predicting successful ablation sites.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1009772923689 · PMID: 10027125

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10027125/

Study type: engineering

Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology · 1998 · PubMed

The authors developed a wearable 3D orientation monitor combining miniature gravity and earth-magnetic field sensors for long-term ambulatory recordings. Calibration measurements indicated the method was fairly accurate and practically applicable for measuring vertical inclination and horizontal azimuth.

DOI: 10.1016/s0924-980x(98)00053-8 · PMID: 10030679

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10030679/

Study type: unknown

Journal of the Indian Medical Association · 1998 · PubMed

The study reports differential effects of PEMF therapy between serological groups in RA. Responses in seropositive patients were described as more subdued, and varying effects across symptoms suggested rheumatoid factor may be more resistant to PEMF.

PMID: 10063282

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10063282/

Study type: animal

The International journal of neuroscience · 1998 · PubMed

Across three experiments (groups of 4), exposure to weak complex magnetic field patterns (average intensities 20 nT to 500 nT) showed statistically significant interactions between field presence/absence and field pattern for biting and boxing, explaining 25% and 50% of variance, respectively. Other recorded behaviors (mounting, eating, drinking, grooming) were not affected. Aggression could be increased or decreased depending on temporal characteristics/morphology of the applied field.

DOI: 10.3109/00207459808986464 · PMID: 10069616

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10069616/

Study type: engineering

Ultrasonic imaging · 1998 · PubMed

A correlation model for analytic ultrasound RF signals in depth and time was derived and verified, incorporating both axial and lateral motion. The model relates lateral-motion effects on correlation to local phase and amplitude characteristics of the ultrasound beam and can be applied (with a circular beam shape transducer) to estimate motion magnitude independent of angle, as well as local SNR and RF bandwidth.

DOI: 10.1177/016173469802000401 · PMID: 10197345

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10197345/

Study type: cohort

Blood pressure monitoring · 1998 · PubMed

Compared with non-occupationally exposed controls, workers occupationally exposed to radiofrequency EMF showed significantly lower amplitudes of diurnal rhythms of blood pressure and heart rate (P < 0.01) and an earlier acrophase (1100–1200 h; P < 0.05). Changes were reported as more pronounced in the higher-intensity exposure subgroup.

PMID: 10212373

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10212373/

Study type: in_vitro

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] · 1998 · PubMed

Suppression of GJIC depended on magnetic flux density: 0.05–0.4 mT for 24 hours did not inhibit GJIC, while 0.8 and 1.6 mT did. At 0.8 mT, 5 minutes had no effect, 1 hour inhibited GJIC, and 24 hours showed the most apparent inhibition; no amplitude window effect was observed from 0 to 1.6 mT, and the suppression was attributed to direct action of the 50-Hz magnetic field rather than an induced electric field.

PMID: 10322784

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10322784/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine] · 1998 · PubMed

Electric field, magnetic field, and induced electric current on human bodies were measured for a temperature-adjustable electric blanket under different conditions (e.g., switch status, diode connection, ground connection, short circuit). When the switch was on and the blanket ran at low temperature with the diode serially connected to the ground end of the power source, measured field and current intensities on human bodies were higher than when running at high temperature. The switch was concluded to be the most important factor influencing field intensities.

PMID: 10322796

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10322796/

Study type: case_report

Revista medica de Chile · 1998 · PubMed

Five patients had apparent acute failure after radiofrequency fulguration (persistent conduction, inducible tachycardia, or recurrence during follow-up), but repeat electrophysiological study showed fulguration had been effective in all cases. Authors attribute the late effects to slow progression of fibrosis over days to weeks after the procedure.

PMID: 10349164

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10349164/

Study type: engineering

Ultrasound in medicine & biology · 1998 · PubMed

Experiments showed that axial and lateral motion can be estimated from the shape of the envelope of the 2-D (spatial and temporal) correlation function of analytic M-mode RF signals. The correlation-envelope shape was also affected by received RF signal bandwidth, signal-to-noise ratio, and local amplitude and phase characteristics of the ultrasound beam.

DOI: 10.1016/s0301-5629(98)00101-x · PMID: 10385961

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10385961/

Study type: engineering

Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials · 1998 · PubMed

Silica-zirconia filler particles were aligned in resin composites using a 60 Hz AC electric field prior to photopolymerization. Aligned composites showed elastic modulus increases up to about 20% and higher maximum compressive stress before significant deformation; field strength on the order of 1 kV/mm was reported as required for sufficient alignment.

DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(99)00011-1 · PMID: 10483399

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10483399/