Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · Manual

Our goal was to investigate effects of long-term exposure to pulsed microwave radiation. The major emphasis was to expose a large sample of experimental animals throughout their lifetimes and to monitor them for effects on general health and longevity. An exposure facility was developed that enabled 200 rats to be maintained under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions while housed individually in circularly-polarized waveguides. The exposure facility consisted of two rooms, each containing 50 active waveguides and 50 waveguides for sham (control) exposures. The experimental rats were exposed to 2,450-MHz pulsed microwaves at 800 pps with a 10-microseconds pulse width. The pulsed microwaves were square-wave modulated at 8-Hz. Whole body calorimetry, thermographic analysis, and power-meter analysis indicated that microwaves delivered at 0.144 W to each exposure waveguide resulted in an …

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130605 · PMID: 1482413

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1482413/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · PubMed

Exposure of B16 melanoma cells to 2.45-GHz pulsed microwaves (10 mW/cm2; SAR 0.2 W/kg; 1 h) was associated with increased membrane ordering (shift toward a more solid/ordered state) measured by EPR. Similar ordering changes occurred in melanin-reconstituted liposomes, while amelanotic B16 cells and liposomes without melanin did not show the effect. Superoxide dismutase inhibited the ordering change, implicating oxygen radicals in the observed membrane effects.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130207 · PMID: 1317176

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1317176/

Study type: engineering

Problemi na khigienata · 1992 · PubMed

The paper describes development of an automated system intended to define (via numerical methods) standardized radiation areas where permitted stay depends on exposure, to support hygienic/radiation protection for devices emitting superhigh-frequency electromagnetic fields. The system is presented as a first-stage group protection approach to be later validated using dosimetric examinations.

PMID: 1364561

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1364561/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · PubMed

In anesthetized monkeys pretreated topically with timolol maleate or pilocarpine, the reported power-density threshold for induction of corneal endothelial lesions and increased iris vascular permeability decreased from 10 to 1 mW/cm2 during pulsed 2.45 GHz microwave exposure. The authors report significant ocular effects at an average SAR of 0.26 W/kg when exposure followed ophthalmic drug pretreatment.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130505 · PMID: 1445419

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1445419/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · PubMed

During exposure to 900-MHz fields, pulsed waves produced rapid burst-like changes in neuronal firing rate at SARs of a few W/kg, with a reported threshold near 0.5 W/kg; the effect depended on modulation but not modulation frequency. Continuous-wave exposure at the same SAR had no effect on firing rate pattern. Mediator-induced receptor current activation (acetyl-choline, dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric-acid) was not altered during CW or PW exposures.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130206 · PMID: 1590812

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1590812/

Study type: animal

Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii · 1992 · PubMed

In 168 rats exposed to total-body microwave irradiation for 24 minutes at 46 mW/cm2, the authors report inhibition of monoaminergic activity in the brain (especially hypothalamus), impairment of metabolic reactions, exhaustion of the lipid antioxidative system in the brain cortex, and stimulation of contrainsular apparatus functions.

PMID: 1329345

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1329345/

Study type: in_vitro

Mutation research · 1992 · PubMed

Human whole-blood samples exposed in vitro to continuous 7.7 GHz microwave radiation at 0.5, 10, and 30 mW/cm2 for 10, 30, and 60 minutes showed significantly higher frequencies of chromosomal aberrations than controls, including dicentric and ring chromosomes. Micronuclei incidence was also higher in exposed samples, and micronuclei values positively correlated with specific aberrations (acentric fragments and dicentric chromosomes).

DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90006-4 · PMID: 1371840

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1371840/

Study type: other

Pediatrics · 1992 · PubMed

High-temperature microwaving (reported 72°C to 98°C) caused a marked decrease in activity of all tested anti-infective factors, and E. coli growth at ≥98°C was 18 times that of control human milk. Low-temperature microwaving (20°C to 53°C) showed no significant effect on total IgA or specific IgA to E. coli O1 and O4, but significantly decreased lysozyme and specific IgA to E. coli O6; even at 20°C to 25°C, E. coli growth was five times that of control human milk.

PMID: 1557249

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1557249/

Study type: animal

Psychological reports · 1992 · PubMed

In four rats tested in a cold environment, moderate and high intraperitoneal ethanol doses suppressed operant behavior that was reinforced by brief (5-sec) microwave exposures. Statistical tests indicated significant differences between ethanol doses.

DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3c.1160 · PMID: 1496087

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1496087/

Study type: animal

British poultry science · 1992 · PubMed

In 648 broilers exposed to microwave treatments, the increase in body temperature after exposure decreased curvilinearly as age or body mass increased. There was a significant age-by-body mass interaction: for the same body mass, younger birds showed a greater heating influence from microwave radiation.

DOI: 10.1080/00071669208417513 · PMID: 1393667

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1393667/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · PubMed

In Escherichia coli, low-level microwave radiation increased beta-galactosidase expression; this increase was not reproduced by bulk heating. The effect was not frequency dependent and was interpreted as due to microwave-specific heating effects (small thermal gradients).

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130109 · PMID: 1550603

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1550603/

Study type: animal

Chirurgia narzadow ruchu i ortopedia polska · 1992 · PubMed

In rabbits, 53.57 GHz microwave radiation at 10 mW/cm2 applied to the occipital area for 1 hour daily over 2 weeks was associated with a favourable effect on radial bone fracture union compared with controls, particularly during the first 14 days after osteotomy. Experimental animals showed an intense periosteal reaction; blood biochemical and morphological tests were reported as standard.

PMID: 7555283

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7555283/

Study type: in_vitro

Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences · 1992 · PubMed

Low-intensity millimeter-wave exposure showed resonance-like frequency dependence in the ranges 51.62–51.84 GHz and 41.25–41.50 GHz (resonance half-width ~100 MHz). Within 0.1–200 microW/cm2, a power density of 1 microW/cm2 was reported sufficient to suppress radiation-induced repair of the genome conformational state; this suppression was reported reproducible and independent of whether cells were exposed to X-rays before or after millimeter waves.

DOI: 10.1515/znc-1992-7-822 · PMID: 1388519

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1388519/

Study type: exposure_assessment

Bioelectromagnetics · 1992 · PubMed

The paper describes macroscopic electrical quantities induced in living systems and experimental models by ELF electric and magnetic field exposure, and discusses how these quantities can be characterized via measurement and modeling at whole-body and local scales.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250130704 · PMID: 1285711

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1285711/

Study type: review

Pennsylvania medicine · 1992 · PubMed

The article describes EMF from 60 Hz alternating current electricity as an emerging environmental health concern and notes public and historical scientific speculation and debate about possible health effects, including concerns about household electrical appliances.

PMID: 1549393

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1549393/

Science (New York, N.Y.) · 1992 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1126/science.1636078 · PMID: 1636078

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1636078/

Nature · 1992 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1038/359003a0 · PMID: 1522881

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1522881/

Nature · 1992 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1038/360288b0 · PMID: 1448137

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1448137/

Study type: review

Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique · 1992 · PubMed

The review summarizes early residential studies reporting higher cancer risks in children associated with higher-EMF surrogate measures (wire configuration), with reported elevated risks for all cancers, leukemia, and brain cancer. It notes that while wire-configuration associations were replicated in some studies, direct in-home EMF measurements in case homes did not yield the same results, challenging the hypothesis. Occupational studies are summarized as showing an excess risk of leukemia among electrical workers, with pooled estimates reported for all leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, while emphasizing potential confounding by other exposures (e.g., benzene, creosote, solvents).

PMID: 1626106

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1626106/

Study type: animal

The Physiologist · 1992 · PubMed

The study was carried out in 50 male rats abdominally implanted with biotelemetric systems (BTS) or mock-up. The animals were provided with 12/12 light/dark schedule during 6-week experiment. The electromagnetic field (EMF) frequency was 455 kHz, magnetic induction near transducer was about 10(-2) mT. Circadian rhythm of the body temperature and locomotor activity was controlled in course of the experiment. The latter been finished, some tissues and the blood of the animals have been sampled to test corticosterone, testosterone, T3, T4 level in serum with radioimmunoassay and membrane permeability for Ca2+, Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity and charge changes in liver microsomes was detected. The probable ways of the EMF influence on whole body are discussed.

PMID: 1589524

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1589524/