Study type: ecological

Health Phys · 1981 · Manual

In the West Midlands (England) during 1969–76, suicide locations were significantly correlated with measured power-frequency magnetic field strength, with more suicides occurring at locations with high magnetic field strength.

DOI: 10.1097/00004032-198108000-00003 · PMID: 7275611

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7275611/

Study type: in_vitro

Microbios · 1981 · PubMed

In vegetative cells of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus exposed to low-intensity 2,450 MHz radiation (1 joule min-1 ml-1) for 16 h, minor structural changes in the cell envelope were reported, associated with altered preservative sensitivity. No alteration of specific growth rates during continuous exposure was observed, and motility and cellular morphology were not affected.

PMID: 6815426

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6815426/

Radiation and environmental biophysics · 1981 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1007/bf01324231 · PMID: 7244121

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7244121/

Zeitschrift fur die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7269675

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7269675/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Across 15–40°C, Arrhenius-type temperature profile plots were linear and showed no difference between microwave-exposed and control samples. Exposure-duration measurements at 23°C also showed no difference between exposed and control samples, except for a small effect of elevated temperature at the highest exposure. Activation energy for probe motion was not affected and no evidence for a lipid phase transition was found.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020103 · PMID: 7284039

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7284039/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Sonicated egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles loaded with 24Na+ were exposed to frequency-modulated microwaves (3 Hz) in the 2350–2550 MHz range at 20 mW, or to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves at 80 mW. Leakage of 24Na+ measured for up to 19 hours showed no difference between irradiated and control dispersions; reported average temperature change was <0.1°C.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020303 · PMID: 7306218

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7306218/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Humoral immune measures (anti-CRBC antibody, IgM, IgG at 0, 4, and 7 days postimmunization) were not significantly different between exposed and control quail. Cell-mediated immune response to phytohemagglutinin-P was reduced in exposed females but not exposed males. Total leukocytes and absolute circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and heterophils were significantly increased only in exposed females.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020308 · PMID: 7306223

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7306223/

Study type: other

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

A modified thermoregulatory model incorporating hypothalamic hot spots from microwaves suggested hypothalamus temperature does not increase drastically until energy deposition exceeds ~50 mW/g. At 10 mW/g in the hypothalamus, predicted skin blood flow increase was negligible and hypothalamus temperature rise relative to blood temperature was ~0.5°C; head exposure was associated with decreased trunk and skin temperature, and uniform cranial energy distribution produced less significant effects than localized hypothalamic deposition.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020406 · PMID: 7326056

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7326056/

American journal of epidemiology · 1981 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113086 · PMID: 7468578

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7468578/

Study type: animal

The Journal of microwave power · 1981 · PubMed

After 1 hour of continuous-wave 2450 MHz exposure (energy absorption rate 15.5 mW/g), membrane electrical resistance and membrane time constant decreased by 22% and 26%, respectively. EDTA injection into the cell blocked the change in membrane resistance, while DNP injection qualitatively mimicked the microwave effect.

DOI: 10.1080/16070658.1981.11689217 · PMID: 6787208

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6787208/

Study type: other

The Journal of microwave power · 1981 · PubMed

Model calculations suggest that, at frequencies in the region of hundreds of MHz to a few GHz, average energy deposition per unit volume in bound water can exceed that in the surrounding electrolyte continuum when ionic conductivities are equal but low (sometimes by at least an order of magnitude). As ionic conductivity increases, the difference decreases; at conductivities equal to physiological saline, bound-water specific energy deposition was reported as not more than around twice that of the continuum over this frequency range. The model implies overall tissue energy absorption could be ~25% greater at certain frequencies for tissue with high ionic conductivity and 20% bound water, and more than an order of magnitude greater for low ionic conductivity materials.

DOI: 10.1080/16070658.1981.11689216 · PMID: 6909302

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6909302/

Radiobiologiia · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7244159

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7244159/

Study type: animal

Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology · 1981 · PubMed

Direct continuous-wave 2.45 GHz irradiation of the exposed myocardium for 5 h at SAR 30 mW/g did not influence mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, plasma or myocardial creatine phosphokinase, or S-T segment in cats with or without myocardial ischemia. In dead cats, exposed tissue temperature increased initially (0.43°C/min), while in live animals no increases in aortic blood temperature occurred during irradiation.

DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1981.50.5.931 · PMID: 7228765

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7228765/

Radiation research · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7232697

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7232697/

Radiation research · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 6166022

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6166022/

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine · 1981 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1080/09553008114550801 · PMID: 6166583

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6166583/

Study type: in_vitro

Cell biophysics · 1981 · PubMed

In vitro exposure of hepatic lysosomes to 2450 MHz CW microwave radiation at 10 or 100 mW/g for 60 minutes during retinol treatment had no effect on release of beta-glucuronidase, cathepsin D, or acid phosphatase. Pre-irradiation (40 min) followed by 20 min retinol plus microwave treatment also showed no influence on enzyme release, and microwave radiation did not affect the rate of appearance (loss of latency) of acid phosphatase or beta-glucuronidase.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02788133 · PMID: 6168380

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6168380/

Study type: case_report

Annals of plastic surgery · 1981 · PubMed

Two cases of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation exposure are presented: one industrial high-density radiofrequency field exposure associated with necrosis of the entire hand and wrist and systemic effects, and one excessive microwave exposure from a malfunctioning microwave oven associated with chronic hand pain and paresthesias resembling median nerve entrapment. The paper notes that known effects are principally thermal but may have unique systemic expression, with multiple systemic derangements described in animal experimentation.

DOI: 10.1097/00000637-198108000-00009 · PMID: 7294659

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7294659/

Life sciences · 1981 · PubMed

DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(81)90016-3 · PMID: 6116141

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6116141/

Study type: engineering

Journal of biochemical and biophysical methods · 1981 · PubMed

Instrumentation was developed to monitor fluorescence in erythrocyte ghost membranes before/during/after 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwave exposure in a temperature-controlled waveguide. At reported specific absorption rates of 10 and 200 mW/g, microwave exposure had no effect on ANS binding to membranes, did not influence calcium binding across tested concentrations, and did not affect fluorescence energy transfer-derived intermolecular distances.

DOI: 10.1016/0165-022x(81)90015-4 · PMID: 7299036

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7299036/

Radiation research · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 6272345

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6272345/

Gigiena i sanitariia · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7332650

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7332650/

Minnesota medicine · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7335041

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7335041/

General dentistry · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 6948746

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6948746/

Study type: other

American journal of hospital pharmacy · 1981 · PubMed

Frozen cefoxitin sodium admixtures thawed by microwave radiation showed no significant changes in drug concentration, no visible appearance changes, and only minimal pH changes before vs after the freeze-thaw process.

PMID: 7304629

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7304629/

Study type: in_vitro

Cell biophysics · 1981 · PubMed

Using circular dichroism spectroscopy, high-level 2450 MHz microwave irradiation (SAR 600 mW/g) was associated with decreases in alpha-helical conformation in erythrocyte ghost proteins. Isolated spectrin (bands 1 and 2) was reported to be more sensitive than intact ghosts, while spectrin-depleted vesicles were least sensitive, suggesting spectrin alpha-helical conformation is altered under these exposure conditions.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02785118 · PMID: 6175419

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6175419/

Study type: animal

International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine · 1981 · PubMed

Male C3H mice exposed for 30 min to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation showed testicular damage measured 6 days later, ranging from spermatocyte depletion to extensive necrosis of the germinal epithelium. Implanted probes indicated a threshold for spermatocyte depletion at ~39°C and an LD50 at ~41°C, similar for microwave exposure and direct heating, consistent with heat being the primary effect; corresponding absorbed microwave power thresholds were reported as 20 W/kg (threshold) and 30 W/kg (LD50).

DOI: 10.1080/09553008114551611 · PMID: 6978299

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6978299/

Radiation research · 1981 · PubMed

PMID: 7313074

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7313074/

Study type: animal

Teratology · 1981 · PubMed

Exposure to 30 mW/cm2 on gestation days 1–6 was associated with fewer implantation sites per litter and reduced fetal weight. Exposure to 30 mW/cm2 on gestation days 6–15 produced a slight but statistically significant increase in malformed fetuses (predominantly cleft palate) compared with other groups. Maternal colonic temperature increased by ~1°C at 21 mW/cm2 and ~2.3°C at 30 mW/cm2; temperature-matched ambient heat groups were included to help distinguish thermal from nonthermal effects.

DOI: 10.1002/tera.1420240309 · PMID: 7330780

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7330780/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Cell ultrastructure was unaffected after 1 hour of exposure at 41.8 or 74.0 GHz (average power densities 320 or 450 mW/cm^2) when monolayer temperature was maintained at ~37.2°C with recirculation cooling or did not exceed 42°C without cooling. Morphological/ultrastructural alterations were observed when irradiation conditions led the monolayer temperature to reach or exceed 44.5°C, either via higher power densities or higher ambient temperature (≥38.5°C).

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020205 · PMID: 7295361

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7295361/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

BHK-21/C13 monolayer cultures were exposed with minimal heating (≤0.1°C) across 202 closely spaced frequencies in the 38–48 GHz and 65–75 GHz ranges at average power densities of 292 and 177 mW/cm2. No changes in protein synthesis were observed, and the study reports no evidence for frequency-specific athermal effects or amplitude-specific “power windows.”

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020206 · PMID: 7295362

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7295362/

Study type: in_vitro

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Rat cerebral tissue exposed in vitro to pulsed microwave radiation (1 GHz) at low pulse repetition frequencies (16 or 32 Hz) and average power densities ranging from 0.5 to 15 mW/cm2 showed no alteration in 45Ca2+ efflux compared with controls.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020207 · PMID: 7295363

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7295363/

Study type: randomized_trial

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

At 1.5 mW/kg, no differences in operant responding between control and irradiated rats were observed. At 3.6 mW/kg, no effect on cued responding but a transient increase in extinction rate of noncued responding occurred. At 6.7 mW/kg, slight reduction in cued responding and major reduction in noncued responding followed by rebound post-exposure were observed.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020208 · PMID: 7295364

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7295364/

Study type: animal

Bioelectromagnetics · 1981 · PubMed

Adult honeybees exposed to 2.45 GHz continuous-wave microwave radiation at power densities of 3–50 mW/cm2 for 0.5, 6, or 24 hours showed no significant differences in sucrose syrup consumption or mortality over 21 days compared with sham-treated or control bees.

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250020403 · PMID: 7326053

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7326053/

Study type: animal

Brain research · 1981 · PubMed

Low power, pulsed microwave exposure induced a significant increase in local cerebral blood flow in the brain of the conscious rat. The authors state that prior studies on microwave-induced changes in brain vascular permeability should be re-evaluated in light of the observed blood-flow changes.

DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(81)90668-5 · PMID: 7248750

Study URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7248750/