Immunohistochemical, Biochemical and Genetic Evaluation of the Effects of Ginseng Administration on Blood–Brain Barrier in Rats Exposed to 2100 MHz and 2450 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation
This rat study examined effects of 2100 MHz and 2450 MHz EMF exposure on the bloodbrain barrier-related brain outcomes and whether ginseng modifies these effects. EMF exposure (1 h/day for 30 days) was reported to induce apoptosis in brain tissue, with decreased COX-2 gene expression and increased BAX protein. Ginseng (150 mg/kg/day) was reported to attenuate these changes by increasing COX-2 expression and decreasing BAX protein.
Key points
- Rats were randomized into seven groups including control, sham, ginseng-only, EMF-only (2100 or 2450 MHz), and EMF plus ginseng groups.
- EMF exposure was conducted for 1 hour per day over 30 days.
- The authors report that EMF exposure caused apoptosis in brain tissue based on immunohistochemical evaluation.
- EMF groups showed decreased COX-2 gene expression and increased BAX protein in the abstract.
- Ginseng administration was reported to reduce these EMF-associated changes in COX-2 and BAX.
- The abstract does not report SAR or detailed exposure characterization.
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AI-generated summaries may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.
AI-generated summaries may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.
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