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Mixed pubmed · Marine environmental research · 2026

Effect of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields used for subsurface oil and gas exploration (controlled-source electromagnetics, CSEM) on the fertilization success and embryonic development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).

In laboratory-replicated CSEM-equivalent EMFs, 15-min single exposures of male cod or fertilized eggs showed no effects on size, morphology, or cardiac function during development. Sperm velocities increased slightly post-exposure (0.5% curvilinear path; 0.6%…

Effect of anthropogenic electromagnetic fields used for subsurface oil and gas exploration (controlled-source electromagnetics, CSEM) on the fertilization success and embryonic development of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).