Effect of Modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill () on Tip60-Mediated Apoptosis in Testis of Male Rats after Microwave Radiation.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of a modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill (, WZYZP) on the male rats' testis after microwave radiation, as well as its potential mechanism. METHODS: Forty-five male rats were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group, the radiation group, and the WZYZP group. The rats in the radiation group and WZYZP group were exposed to microwave radiation for 15 min once, while the rats in the control group were not exposed to any radiation. The rats in the WZYZP group were given a modified of WZYZP by gavage daily for 7 days. Apoptosis in the testis was evaluated using terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Histopathological alterations of the testis were observed by haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Tat-interactive protein, 60kD (Tip60) and p53 expressions were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: The apoptosis index (AI) in the radiation group was higher than that of the WZYZP group and control group on day 1 (D1), day 7 (D7) day 14 (D14) after radiation (P<0.05). The seminiferous tubules were of normal morphology in the control group. In the radiation group, the partial seminiferous tubules were collapsed, basement membranes of the seminiferous epithelia became detached. WZYZP could restore the morphological changes. There was no expression of Tip60 among the three groups on D7 and D14. The expression of p53 was higher in the radiation group than in the control group (P<0.05). WZYZP could down-regulate the rising p53 induced by radiation on D7 and D14 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: A modified WZYZP may affect germ cells, and its protective effects may partly result from its ability to intervene in Tip60 mediated apoptosis.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Rats exposed to microwave radiation had higher testis apoptosis index than controls at days 1, 7, and 14 post-exposure, along with seminiferous tubule structural damage. Daily gavage of modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill for 7 days reduced apoptosis index, improved testis morphology, and down-regulated elevated p53 on days 7 and 14 compared with the radiation group; Tip60 expression was not detected on days 7 and 14 in any group.

Outcomes measured

• Testis apoptosis (TUNEL apoptosis index)
• Testis histopathology (HE staining)
• Tip60 protein expression (Western blot)
• p53 protein expression (Western blot)

Limitations

• No microwave frequency or dosimetry (e.g., SAR/power density) reported in abstract
• Single short exposure (15 min once) limits inference about chronic exposure
• Tip60 results are unclear given no detected expression on days 7 and 14 despite mechanistic claims
• Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "15 min once"
    },
    "population": "Male rats",
    "sample_size": 45,
    "outcomes": [
        "Testis apoptosis (TUNEL apoptosis index)",
        "Testis histopathology (HE staining)",
        "Tip60 protein expression (Western blot)",
        "p53 protein expression (Western blot)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Rats exposed to microwave radiation had higher testis apoptosis index than controls at days 1, 7, and 14 post-exposure, along with seminiferous tubule structural damage. Daily gavage of modified Wuzi Yanzong Pill for 7 days reduced apoptosis index, improved testis morphology, and down-regulated elevated p53 on days 7 and 14 compared with the radiation group; Tip60 expression was not detected on days 7 and 14 in any group.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "No microwave frequency or dosimetry (e.g., SAR/power density) reported in abstract",
        "Single short exposure (15 min once) limits inference about chronic exposure",
        "Tip60 results are unclear given no detected expression on days 7 and 14 despite mechanistic claims",
        "Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "microwave radiation",
        "testis",
        "apoptosis",
        "TUNEL",
        "histopathology",
        "Tip60",
        "p53",
        "Wuzi Yanzong Pill",
        "rat"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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