[High power microwave radiation damages blood-testis barrier in rats].

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of high power microwave (HPM) radiation on the structure and function of blood-testis barrier (BTB) in rats. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-six male Wistar rats were treated by heart perfusion of lanthanum-glutaraldehyde solution and tail vein injection of evans blue (EB) at 6 h, 1, 3, 7 and 14 d after exposed to 0, 10, 30 and 100 mW/cm2 HPM radiation for 5 minutes, the structural change of BTB and distribution of lanthanum or EB observed through the light microscope, electron microscope and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). RESULTS: Testicular interstitial edema, vascular congestion or hyperemia with accumulation of plasma proteins and red blood cells in the inner compartment of seminiferous tubules were observed after exposure to HPM. The above-mentioned pathological changes were aggravated at 1-7 d and relieved at 14 d after radiation, obviously more severe in the 30 and 100 mW/cm2 exposure groups than in the 10 mW/cm2. Both lanthanum precipitation and EB were deposited in the inner compartment. CONCLUSION: HPM radiation may damage the structure and increase the permeability of BTB.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

After exposure to HPM radiation (10, 30, 100 mW/cm2 for 5 minutes), rats showed testicular interstitial edema and vascular congestion/hyperemia with plasma proteins and red blood cells observed in the inner compartment of seminiferous tubules. Pathological changes were more severe in the 30 and 100 mW/cm2 groups than in the 10 mW/cm2 group, worsened at 1–7 days and were relieved by 14 days; lanthanum precipitation and Evans blue were deposited in the inner compartment, consistent with increased BTB permeability.

Outcomes measured

• Blood-testis barrier (BTB) structure
• BTB permeability
• Testicular pathology (interstitial edema, vascular congestion/hyperemia, plasma proteins and red blood cells in seminiferous tubules)
• Lanthanum tracer distribution
• Evans blue (EB) distribution

Limitations

• Frequency of the microwave exposure not reported in the abstract.
• No SAR or dosimetry beyond power density (mW/cm2) reported in the abstract.
• Functional reproductive outcomes (e.g., fertility, sperm parameters, hormones) not described in the abstract.
• Randomization/blinding and sham procedures not described in the abstract.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": "high power microwave (HPM) radiation",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "5 minutes"
    },
    "population": "Male Wistar rats",
    "sample_size": 166,
    "outcomes": [
        "Blood-testis barrier (BTB) structure",
        "BTB permeability",
        "Testicular pathology (interstitial edema, vascular congestion/hyperemia, plasma proteins and red blood cells in seminiferous tubules)",
        "Lanthanum tracer distribution",
        "Evans blue (EB) distribution"
    ],
    "main_findings": "After exposure to HPM radiation (10, 30, 100 mW/cm2 for 5 minutes), rats showed testicular interstitial edema and vascular congestion/hyperemia with plasma proteins and red blood cells observed in the inner compartment of seminiferous tubules. Pathological changes were more severe in the 30 and 100 mW/cm2 groups than in the 10 mW/cm2 group, worsened at 1–7 days and were relieved by 14 days; lanthanum precipitation and Evans blue were deposited in the inner compartment, consistent with increased BTB permeability.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "Frequency of the microwave exposure not reported in the abstract.",
        "No SAR or dosimetry beyond power density (mW/cm2) reported in the abstract.",
        "Functional reproductive outcomes (e.g., fertility, sperm parameters, hormones) not described in the abstract.",
        "Randomization/blinding and sham procedures not described in the abstract."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "high power microwave",
        "microwave radiation",
        "blood-testis barrier",
        "BTB permeability",
        "Wistar rats",
        "testis",
        "lanthanum-glutaraldehyde",
        "Evans blue",
        "power density"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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