Individual responsiveness to induction of micronuclei in human lymphocytes after exposure in vitro to 1800-MHz microwave radiation.

Abstract

The widespread application of microwaves is of great concern in view of possible consequences for human health. Many in vitro studies have been carried out to detect possible effects on DNA and chromatin structure following exposure to microwave radiation. The aim of this study is to assess the capability of microwaves, at different power densities and exposure times, to induce genotoxic effects as evaluated by the in vitro micronucleus (MN) assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes from nine different healthy donors, and to investigate also the possible inter-individual response variability. Whole blood samples were exposed for 60, 120 and 180 min to continuous microwave radiation with a frequency of 1800 MHz and power densities of 5, 10 and 20 mW/cm(2). Reproducibility was tested by repeating the experiment 3 months later. Multivariate analysis showed that lymphocyte proliferation indices were significantly different among donors (p<0.004) and between experiments (p<0.01), whereas the applied power density and the exposure time did not have any effect on them. Both spontaneous and induced MN frequencies varied in a highly significant way among donors (p<0.009) and between experiments (p<0.002), and a statistically significant increase of MN, although rather low, was observed dependent on exposure time (p=0.0004) and applied power density (p=0.0166). A considerable decrease in spontaneous and induced MN frequencies was measured in the second experiment. The results show that microwaves are able to induce MN in short-time exposures to medium power density fields. Our data analysis highlights a wide inter-individual variability in the response, which was confirmed to be a characteristic reproducible trait by means of the second experiment.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Whole blood samples exposed in vitro to continuous 1800 MHz microwave radiation (5, 10, 20 mW/cm^2 for 60–180 min) showed a statistically significant, though low, increase in micronucleus frequency dependent on exposure time and power density. Proliferation indices differed among donors and between experiments, but were not affected by power density or exposure time. MN frequencies varied significantly among donors and between experiments, with lower spontaneous and induced MN frequencies in the second experiment; inter-individual variability was described as reproducible.

Outcomes measured

• Micronucleus (MN) frequency (genotoxicity)
• Lymphocyte proliferation indices
• Inter-individual variability in response
• Reproducibility across experiments (3 months apart)

Limitations

• In vitro study (may not generalize to in vivo human health outcomes)
• Small number of donors (n=9)
• Between-experiment differences observed (second experiment showed decreased MN frequencies)
• No SAR reported (exposure characterized by power density only)

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 1800,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "60, 120, 180 min"
    },
    "population": "Peripheral blood lymphocytes (whole blood samples) from nine healthy donors",
    "sample_size": 9,
    "outcomes": [
        "Micronucleus (MN) frequency (genotoxicity)",
        "Lymphocyte proliferation indices",
        "Inter-individual variability in response",
        "Reproducibility across experiments (3 months apart)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Whole blood samples exposed in vitro to continuous 1800 MHz microwave radiation (5, 10, 20 mW/cm^2 for 60–180 min) showed a statistically significant, though low, increase in micronucleus frequency dependent on exposure time and power density. Proliferation indices differed among donors and between experiments, but were not affected by power density or exposure time. MN frequencies varied significantly among donors and between experiments, with lower spontaneous and induced MN frequencies in the second experiment; inter-individual variability was described as reproducible.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro study (may not generalize to in vivo human health outcomes)",
        "Small number of donors (n=9)",
        "Between-experiment differences observed (second experiment showed decreased MN frequencies)",
        "No SAR reported (exposure characterized by power density only)"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "1800 MHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "RF",
        "in vitro",
        "human lymphocytes",
        "micronucleus assay",
        "genotoxicity",
        "power density",
        "exposure time",
        "inter-individual variability"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

Comments

Log in to comment.

No comments yet.