[Changes of the expression of beta1-adrenergic receptor and M2-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in rat hearts after high power microwave radiation].

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of high power microwave (HPM) radiation on the expression of beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)-AR) and M(2)-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M(2)-AchR) in cardiomyocytes. METHODS: S-band HPM device of mean power density 2 approximately 90 mW/cm(2) was used to irradiate 150 healthy Wistar male rats. Immunohistochemistry and image analysis were used to study the pathological characteristics of heart tissue and the expression of beta(1)-AR and M(2)-AchR. RESULTS: Radiation of over 10 mW/cm(2) made myocardial fibers disordered in arrangement, degeneration even sarcoplasm condensation, Pace cells necrosis, and Purkinje cells lysis in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.968, P < 0.05). beta(1)-AR expression in endocardium, membrane and cytoplasm of myocardium of left ventricle was increased on d1 after radiation, peaked on d3 (P < 0.05) and recovered on d14. M(2)-AchR expression was peaked on d1 (P < 0.01) and recovered on d14. CONCLUSION: Certain degree intensity of HPM radiation may cause heart injury, and increased expressions of beta(1)-AR and M(2)-AchR, which may play an important role in the pathophysiology of heart injury induced by HPM.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

In rats exposed to S-band high power microwave radiation (mean power density ~2 to 90 mW/cm^2), exposures over 10 mW/cm^2 were associated with dose-dependent myocardial structural injury (r=0.968, P<0.05). beta1-AR expression increased on day 1 post-radiation, peaked on day 3 (P<0.05), and returned to baseline by day 14; M2-AchR expression peaked on day 1 (P<0.01) and recovered by day 14.

Outcomes measured

• Heart tissue pathology (myocardial fiber disorder/degeneration, sarcoplasm condensation, Pace cell necrosis, Purkinje cell lysis)
• beta1-adrenergic receptor (beta1-AR) expression in myocardium
• M2-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2-AchR) expression in myocardium

Limitations

• Exposure frequency not reported beyond 'S-band'
• Exposure duration not reported
• No SAR reported
• Animal study; generalizability to humans is uncertain

Suggested hubs

• occupational-exposure (0.55)
  Published in an industrial hygiene/occupational diseases journal and uses high-power microwave exposure relevant to occupational settings.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": "high power microwave (HPM) device (S-band)",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "Healthy Wistar male rats",
    "sample_size": 150,
    "outcomes": [
        "Heart tissue pathology (myocardial fiber disorder/degeneration, sarcoplasm condensation, Pace cell necrosis, Purkinje cell lysis)",
        "beta1-adrenergic receptor (beta1-AR) expression in myocardium",
        "M2-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M2-AchR) expression in myocardium"
    ],
    "main_findings": "In rats exposed to S-band high power microwave radiation (mean power density ~2 to 90 mW/cm^2), exposures over 10 mW/cm^2 were associated with dose-dependent myocardial structural injury (r=0.968, P<0.05). beta1-AR expression increased on day 1 post-radiation, peaked on day 3 (P<0.05), and returned to baseline by day 14; M2-AchR expression peaked on day 1 (P<0.01) and recovered by day 14.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "Exposure frequency not reported beyond 'S-band'",
        "Exposure duration not reported",
        "No SAR reported",
        "Animal study; generalizability to humans is uncertain"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "high power microwave",
        "HPM",
        "S-band",
        "rat",
        "heart injury",
        "cardiomyocytes",
        "beta1-adrenergic receptor",
        "M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor",
        "immunohistochemistry",
        "dose-dependent"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "occupational-exposure",
            "weight": 0.5500000000000000444089209850062616169452667236328125,
            "reason": "Published in an industrial hygiene/occupational diseases journal and uses high-power microwave exposure relevant to occupational settings."
        }
    ]
}

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