[Effects of 460 MHz microwave radiation on Drosophila embryos under raised temperature].

Abstract

Combined effect of 460-MHz microwave irradiation and increased (up to 40 degrees C) temperature on Drosophila embryos of definite age was studied. It was demonstrated that the effect of 5-min exposures to non-modulated microwaves with 6 W/kg SAR accompanied with heating is only a little stronger than at normal temperature (24.5 degrees C). Irradiation with pulse-modulated microwaves with pulse repetition rates of 6, 10, 16, and 22 p.p.s. with average SAR of 0.12 W/kg (pulsed SAR 3 W/kg) combined with increased temperature caused some changes in PID dependent on the pulse rate. At 6 and 22 p.p.s, the increase in PID was close to that observed at normal temperature while at 10 and 16 p.p.s. the microwave irradiation did not produce any noticeable effect on development of the Drosophilas.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

In Drosophila embryos, 5-min exposure to non-modulated 460 MHz microwaves at 6 W/kg SAR with heating had an effect only slightly stronger at increased temperature (up to 40°C) than at normal temperature (24.5°C). Pulse-modulated exposure (6, 10, 16, 22 p.p.s.) with average SAR 0.12 W/kg (pulsed SAR 3 W/kg) combined with increased temperature produced pulse-rate-dependent changes in PID: increases at 6 and 22 p.p.s. were close to those at normal temperature, while at 10 and 16 p.p.s. no noticeable developmental effect was observed.

Outcomes measured

• PID (developmental index; as reported)
• development of Drosophila embryos

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in abstract
• Outcome measure (PID) not defined in abstract
• Details of exposure setup and temperature control not provided in abstract
• Statistical methods/significance not reported in abstract

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "RF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 460,
        "sar_wkg": 6,
        "duration": "5 min"
    },
    "population": "Drosophila embryos (definite age)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "PID (developmental index; as reported)",
        "development of Drosophila embryos"
    ],
    "main_findings": "In Drosophila embryos, 5-min exposure to non-modulated 460 MHz microwaves at 6 W/kg SAR with heating had an effect only slightly stronger at increased temperature (up to 40°C) than at normal temperature (24.5°C). Pulse-modulated exposure (6, 10, 16, 22 p.p.s.) with average SAR 0.12 W/kg (pulsed SAR 3 W/kg) combined with increased temperature produced pulse-rate-dependent changes in PID: increases at 6 and 22 p.p.s. were close to those at normal temperature, while at 10 and 16 p.p.s. no noticeable developmental effect was observed.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Outcome measure (PID) not defined in abstract",
        "Details of exposure setup and temperature control not provided in abstract",
        "Statistical methods/significance not reported in abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "460 MHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "RF exposure",
        "SAR",
        "pulse modulation",
        "temperature",
        "heating",
        "Drosophila embryos",
        "development",
        "PID"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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