The effect of 2450 MHz microwave radiation on histamine secretion by rat peritoneal mast cells.

Abstract

Isolated rat peritoneal mast cells actively secrete histamine in response to reaginic or chemical stimulation. Mast cells were irradiated in a waveguide microwave exposure chamber at 2450 MHz with power absorptions of 8.2 and 41.0 mW/g for periods up to 3 h. These levels of microwave absorption caused no change in the morphological characteristics or viability of the cells. Irradiated mast cells were stimulated with compound 48/80, a potent, noncytotoxic histamine releasing agent. The dose response curves showed that neither prior nor simultaneous irradiation of mast cells at 37 degrees C affected 48/80-induced secretion. However, microwave power absorptions of 41.0 mW/g inhibited secretion at 44.0 degrees C. Precise measurements of the effect of heat on secretion indicated that this level of inhibition could have been produced by a radiation induced increase in cell temperature between 0.4 and 0.9 degrees C above ambient levels. Alternatively, the heat stress produced at 44 degrees C may have sensitized the cells to the electromagnetic effects of the microwave radiation. Rat peritoneal mast cells can therefore be useful as a model for the study of functioning secretory cells during microwave irradiation and can also be used to monitor the synergistic effects of cell heating during in vitro exposure.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Mast cells exposed at 2450 MHz with power absorptions of 8.2 or 41.0 mW/g for up to 3 h showed no change in morphology or viability. At 37°C, neither prior nor simultaneous irradiation affected 48/80-induced histamine secretion, but at 44°C, 41.0 mW/g inhibited secretion; the inhibition could be explained by a radiation-induced temperature increase of ~0.4–0.9°C or by heat stress sensitizing cells to microwave effects.

Outcomes measured

• Histamine secretion (compound 48/80-induced)
• Cell morphology
• Cell viability
• Temperature-related inhibition at 44°C

Limitations

• In vitro model (isolated rat peritoneal mast cells)
• Sample size not reported in abstract
• Inhibition observed only under elevated temperature condition (44°C), with potential thermal confounding

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "microwave",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 2450,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "up to 3 h"
    },
    "population": "Isolated rat peritoneal mast cells",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Histamine secretion (compound 48/80-induced)",
        "Cell morphology",
        "Cell viability",
        "Temperature-related inhibition at 44°C"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Mast cells exposed at 2450 MHz with power absorptions of 8.2 or 41.0 mW/g for up to 3 h showed no change in morphology or viability. At 37°C, neither prior nor simultaneous irradiation affected 48/80-induced histamine secretion, but at 44°C, 41.0 mW/g inhibited secretion; the inhibition could be explained by a radiation-induced temperature increase of ~0.4–0.9°C or by heat stress sensitizing cells to microwave effects.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro model (isolated rat peritoneal mast cells)",
        "Sample size not reported in abstract",
        "Inhibition observed only under elevated temperature condition (44°C), with potential thermal confounding"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "2450 MHz",
        "microwave radiation",
        "mast cells",
        "histamine secretion",
        "compound 48/80",
        "in vitro",
        "temperature",
        "thermal effects"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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