Effect of electromagnetic field exposure on chemically induced differentiation of friend erythroleukemia cells.

Abstract

Whether exposure of humans to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) can cause cancer is controversial and therefore needs further research. We used a Friend erythroleukemia cell line that can be chemically induced to differentiate to determine whether ELF-EMF could alter proliferation and differentiation in these cells in a manner similar to that of a chemical tumor promoter. Exposure of this cell line to 60 Hz ELF-EMF resulted in a dose dependent inhibition of differentiation, with maximal inhibition peaking at 40% and 40 mG (4 microT). ELF-EMF at 10 mG (1.0 microT) and 25 mG (2.5 microT) inhibited differentiation at 0 and 20%, respectively. ELF-EMF at 1.0 (100) and 10.0 G (1,000 microT) stimulated cell proliferation 50% above the sham-treated cells. The activity of telomerase, a marker of undifferentiated cells, decreased 100[times] when the cells were induced to differentiate under sham conditions, but when the cells were exposed to 0.5 G (50 microT) there was only a 10[times] decrease. In summary, ELF-EMF can partially block the differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells, and this results in a larger population of cells remaining in the undifferentiated, proliferative state, which is similar to the published results of Friend erythroleukemia cells treated with chemical-tumor promoters.

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

Exposure to 60 Hz ELF-EMF produced a dose-dependent inhibition of chemically induced differentiation, with maximal inhibition reported as 40% at 40 mG (4 µT). ELF-EMF at 1.0 G (100 µT) and 10.0 G (1,000 µT) increased cell proliferation by 50% versus sham, and exposure to 0.5 G (50 µT) attenuated the decrease in telomerase activity seen with differentiation under sham conditions.

Outcomes measured

• Cell differentiation (chemically induced)
• Cell proliferation
• Telomerase activity

Limitations

• In vitro cell-line study; findings may not translate to humans.
• Exposure duration not reported in the abstract.
• Sample size and replication details not reported in the abstract.

Suggested hubs

• occupational-exposure (0.2)
  Study involves ELF (60 Hz) magnetic-field exposure levels relevant to some occupational settings, though no specific source is stated.

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": 6.00000000000000015200514458246772164784488268196582794189453125e-5,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "Friend erythroleukemia cell line (chemically induced differentiation model)",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell differentiation (chemically induced)",
        "Cell proliferation",
        "Telomerase activity"
    ],
    "main_findings": "Exposure to 60 Hz ELF-EMF produced a dose-dependent inhibition of chemically induced differentiation, with maximal inhibition reported as 40% at 40 mG (4 µT). ELF-EMF at 1.0 G (100 µT) and 10.0 G (1,000 µT) increased cell proliferation by 50% versus sham, and exposure to 0.5 G (50 µT) attenuated the decrease in telomerase activity seen with differentiation under sham conditions.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro cell-line study; findings may not translate to humans.",
        "Exposure duration not reported in the abstract.",
        "Sample size and replication details not reported in the abstract."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "ELF-EMF",
        "60 Hz",
        "Friend erythroleukemia cells",
        "differentiation inhibition",
        "cell proliferation",
        "telomerase",
        "tumor promoter-like effect"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "occupational-exposure",
            "weight": 0.200000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125,
            "reason": "Study involves ELF (60 Hz) magnetic-field exposure levels relevant to some occupational settings, though no specific source is stated."
        }
    ]
}

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