The Role of Depression and Attachment Styles in Predicting Students' Addiction to Cell Phones.

PAPER pubmed Addiction & health 2015 Cross-sectional study Effect: unclear Evidence: Low

Read original paper → PMID: 26885356 Evidence Lab

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed at investigating the role of depression and attachment styles in predicting cell phone addiction. METHODS: In this descriptive correlational study, a sample including 100 students of Payame Noor University (PNU), Reyneh Center, Iran, in the academic year of 2013-2014 was selected using volunteer sampling. Participants were asked to complete the adult attachment inventory (AAI), Beck depression inventory-13 (BDI-13) and the cell phone overuse scale (COS). FINDINGS: Results of the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that depression and avoidant attachment style were the best predictors of students' cell phone addiction (R(2) = 0.23). CONCLUSION: The results of this study highlighted the predictive value of depression and avoidant attachment style concerning students' cell phone addiction.

AI evidence extraction

At a glance

Study type

Cross-sectional study

Effect direction

unclear

Population

University students (Payame Noor University, Reyneh Center, Iran; academic year 2013–2014)

Sample size

100

Exposure

mobile phone

Evidence strength

Low

Confidence: 78% · Peer-reviewed: yes

Main findings

In stepwise multiple regression, depression and avoidant attachment style were reported as the best predictors of students' cell phone addiction/overuse (R^2 = 0.23).

Outcomes measured

Cell phone addiction/overuse (Cell Phone Overuse Scale, COS)
Depression (BDI-13)
Attachment styles (Adult Attachment Inventory, AAI)

Limitations

Descriptive correlational (cross-sectional) design; cannot infer causality
Volunteer sampling
Single university center; limited generalizability
No EMF exposure metrics reported (e.g., frequency, SAR, measured field levels)

View raw extracted JSON

{
    "study_type": "cross_sectional",
    "exposure": {
        "band": null,
        "source": "mobile phone",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "University students (Payame Noor University, Reyneh Center, Iran; academic year 2013–2014)",
    "sample_size": 100,
    "outcomes": [
        "Cell phone addiction/overuse (Cell Phone Overuse Scale, COS)",
        "Depression (BDI-13)",
        "Attachment styles (Adult Attachment Inventory, AAI)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "In stepwise multiple regression, depression and avoidant attachment style were reported as the best predictors of students' cell phone addiction/overuse (R^2 = 0.23).",
    "effect_direction": "unclear",
    "limitations": [
        "Descriptive correlational (cross-sectional) design; cannot infer causality",
        "Volunteer sampling",
        "Single university center; limited generalizability",
        "No EMF exposure metrics reported (e.g., frequency, SAR, measured field levels)"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "cell phone addiction",
        "cell phone overuse",
        "depression",
        "attachment style",
        "students",
        "Iran",
        "correlational study"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract/metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.

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