The protective effects of melatonin against electromagnetic waves of cell phones in animal models: A
Abstract
The protective effects of melatonin against electromagnetic waves of cell phones in animal models: A systematic review Amiri M, Khazaie H, Mohammadi M. The protective effects of melatonin against electromagnetic waves of cell phones in animal models: A systematic review. Animal Model Exp Med. 2025 Feb 24. doi: 10.1002/ame2.12552. Abstract Background: Due to the widespread use of cell phone devices today, numerous research studies have focused on the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation on human neuropsychological and reproductive systems. In most studies, oxidative stress has been identified as the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves. This paper aims to provide a holistic review of the protective effects of melatonin against cell phone-induced electromagnetic waves on various organs. Methods: This study is a systematic review of articles chosen by searching Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct using the keywords 'melatonin', 'cell phone radiation', and 'animal model'. The search focused on articles written in English, which were reviewed and evaluated. The PRISMA process was used to review the articles chosen for the study, and the JBI checklist was used to check the quality of the reviewed articles. Results: In the final review of 11 valid quality-checked articles, the effects of melatonin in the intervention group, the effects of electromagnetic waves in the case group, and the amount of melatonin in the chosen organ, i.e. brain, skin, eyes, testis and the kidney were thoroughly examined. The review showed that electromagnetic waves increase cellular anti-oxidative activity in different tissues such as the brain, the skin, the eyes, the testis, and the kidneys. Melatonin can considerably augment the anti-oxidative system of cells and protect tissues; these measurements were significantly increased in control groups. Electromagnetic waves can induce tissue atrophy and cell death in various organs including the brain and the skin and this effect was highly decreased by melatonin. Conclusion: Our review confirms that melatonin effectively protects the organs of animal models against electromagnetic waves. In light of this conclusion and the current world-wide use of melatonin, future studies should advance to the stages of human clinical trials. We also recommend that more research in the field of melatonin physiology is conducted in order to protect exposed cells from dying and that melatonin should be considered as a pharmaceutical option for treating the complications resulting from electromagnetic waves in humans. Conclusion Electromagnetic radiation emitted from cell phones is proven to be harmful to various organs in animal models and the results of the current literature survey suggest that additional research should be done to achieve the best possible use of melatonin as a therapeutic agent against electromagnetic waves. Melatonin is one of the safest drugs, used for many years to help people with sleep disturbances. In order to take this research to clinical levels, it will be important to assess the primary pathophysiological theory of damage and also the mechanisms by which melatonin may protect against the specific threat, among which the most likely is by increasing the amount of antioxidants in various organs. Future reviews and interventional studies in this field should focus on determining the optimal dose and timing of melatonin administration to enhance understanding of its protective effects. Additionally, efforts should be made to develop and improve clinical trials to evaluate the benefits of melatonin in humans, enabling a deeper investigation into its potential applications and advantages in clinical settings. Open access paper: onlinelibrary.wiley.com
AI evidence extraction
Main findings
Systematic review of 11 quality-checked animal studies assessing melatonin against cell phone electromagnetic waves across organs (brain, skin, eyes, testis, kidney). The review reports that electromagnetic waves were associated with tissue atrophy and cell death in various organs, and that melatonin augmented cellular antioxidant systems and reduced these effects.
Outcomes measured
- Oxidative stress/antioxidant activity markers in tissues
- Tissue atrophy
- Cell death
Limitations
- Frequency, SAR, and exposure duration not reported in the abstract
- No total animal sample size reported
- Findings are based on animal models; authors call for human clinical trials
View raw extracted JSON
{
"study_type": "systematic_review",
"exposure": {
"band": "RF",
"source": "mobile phone",
"frequency_mhz": null,
"sar_wkg": null,
"duration": null
},
"population": "Animal models",
"sample_size": null,
"outcomes": [
"Oxidative stress/antioxidant activity markers in tissues",
"Tissue atrophy",
"Cell death"
],
"main_findings": "Systematic review of 11 quality-checked animal studies assessing melatonin against cell phone electromagnetic waves across organs (brain, skin, eyes, testis, kidney). The review reports that electromagnetic waves were associated with tissue atrophy and cell death in various organs, and that melatonin augmented cellular antioxidant systems and reduced these effects.",
"effect_direction": "benefit",
"limitations": [
"Frequency, SAR, and exposure duration not reported in the abstract",
"No total animal sample size reported",
"Findings are based on animal models; authors call for human clinical trials"
],
"evidence_strength": "low",
"confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
"peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
"keywords": [
"melatonin",
"cell phone radiation",
"electromagnetic waves",
"animal model",
"oxidative stress",
"antioxidants",
"brain",
"skin",
"eyes",
"testis",
"kidney",
"PRISMA",
"JBI checklist"
],
"suggested_hubs": []
}
AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.
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