Assessment of Electromagnetic Field Exposure from Multiple Sources Simultaneously in the High- Frequency Range Based on Safety Standards
Abstract
Category: Electromagnetic Safety Assessment Tags: EMF exposure, safety standards, high-frequency, ICNIRP, 5G, absorbed power density, RF compliance DOI: 10.23919/sicefes67750.2025.11236585 URL: ieeexplore.ieee.org Overview This study presents a method for evaluating electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure from multiple sources operating simultaneously across a wide range of frequencies, based on the guidelines defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) in its 2020 publication. The proposed approach uses the normalized exposure ratio, combining exposure values from all relevant sources and frequency bands. Key Challenges - ⚠ Lack of standardized measurement methods: The study addresses the absence of standardized methods for absorbed power density (Sab) measurement above 10 GHz, an important gap despite defined exposure limits. - 📊 Comparison of limits: There is a relatively small difference between the Sab and incident power density (Sinc) limits for the general public, whereas the difference between general public and occupational exposure limits is much larger. Proposed Solutions - 💡 Temporary surrogate: Suggests using Sinc as a substitute for Sab in high-frequency ranges until direct measurement becomes feasible. - ⛏️ Comprehensive assessment: Enables coverage of both near-field and far-field exposures from multiple RF sources. - 📱 5G Implications: Especially relevant for modern technologies such as 5G, WiGig, and other next-generation wireless systems. Conclusion The study offers a practical approach for comprehensive assessment of human EMF exposure from multiple simultaneous sources, supporting the design of safety measures and compliance verification for radiocommunication equipment in high-frequency environments. This is important for ensuring public and occupational safety as new high-frequency wireless technologies proliferate. The authors stress the need for future experimental validation and the development of standardized Sab measurement techniques. Important Note: Exposure to electromagnetic fields, especially from combined high-frequency sources as found in 5G and similar technologies, has clear established exposure limits to protect human health. Comprehensive assessment, as outlined here, is essential to ensure these limits are not exceeded and that EMF-related health risks are minimized.
AI evidence extraction
Main findings
The paper presents a method to evaluate EMF exposure from multiple simultaneous high-frequency sources using a normalized exposure ratio aligned with ICNIRP 2020 guidance. It highlights a lack of standardized measurement methods for absorbed power density (Sab) above 10 GHz and suggests using incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary surrogate until direct Sab measurement is feasible. The authors note differences between Sab and Sinc limits for the general public are relatively small, while differences between public and occupational limits are larger, and call for future experimental validation and standardization of Sab measurement.
Outcomes measured
- RF exposure compliance assessment using ICNIRP 2020 guidelines
- Normalized exposure ratio for combined multi-source exposure
- Absorbed power density (Sab) vs incident power density (Sinc) limits and measurement considerations above 10 GHz
Limitations
- No experimental validation results are described in the provided abstract
- Lack of standardized Sab measurement methods above 10 GHz is identified as a key gap
- Details on specific sources, frequencies, or measurement setups are not provided in the abstract
Suggested hubs
-
5g-policy
(0.74) Discusses high-frequency exposure assessment relevant to 5G and next-generation wireless systems.
-
who-icnirp
(0.78) Method is explicitly based on ICNIRP 2020 guidelines and discusses related exposure limits and measurement gaps.
View raw extracted JSON
{
"publication_year": 2025,
"study_type": "engineering",
"exposure": {
"band": "RF",
"source": "multiple sources simultaneously (high-frequency radiocommunication equipment)",
"frequency_mhz": null,
"sar_wkg": null,
"duration": null
},
"population": null,
"sample_size": null,
"outcomes": [
"RF exposure compliance assessment using ICNIRP 2020 guidelines",
"Normalized exposure ratio for combined multi-source exposure",
"Absorbed power density (Sab) vs incident power density (Sinc) limits and measurement considerations above 10 GHz"
],
"main_findings": "The paper presents a method to evaluate EMF exposure from multiple simultaneous high-frequency sources using a normalized exposure ratio aligned with ICNIRP 2020 guidance. It highlights a lack of standardized measurement methods for absorbed power density (Sab) above 10 GHz and suggests using incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary surrogate until direct Sab measurement is feasible. The authors note differences between Sab and Sinc limits for the general public are relatively small, while differences between public and occupational limits are larger, and call for future experimental validation and standardization of Sab measurement.",
"effect_direction": "unclear",
"limitations": [
"No experimental validation results are described in the provided abstract",
"Lack of standardized Sab measurement methods above 10 GHz is identified as a key gap",
"Details on specific sources, frequencies, or measurement setups are not provided in the abstract"
],
"evidence_strength": "low",
"confidence": 0.7199999999999999733546474089962430298328399658203125,
"peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
"stance": "neutral",
"stance_confidence": 0.66000000000000003108624468950438313186168670654296875,
"summary": "This conference paper proposes a method to assess combined EMF exposure from multiple simultaneous high-frequency sources using a normalized exposure ratio based on ICNIRP 2020 guidelines. It emphasizes a current gap in standardized absorbed power density (Sab) measurement above 10 GHz and proposes incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary surrogate. The work is framed as supporting compliance verification and safety measure design, with a stated need for future experimental validation and standardization.",
"key_points": [
"Proposes a normalized exposure ratio approach to combine exposures from multiple RF sources and frequency bands under ICNIRP 2020 guidance.",
"Targets high-frequency scenarios relevant to technologies such as 5G and WiGig.",
"Identifies the absence of standardized Sab measurement methods above 10 GHz as a major practical challenge.",
"Suggests using Sinc as a temporary substitute for Sab in high-frequency ranges until direct measurement is feasible.",
"Notes that Sab vs Sinc limits for the general public are relatively close, while public vs occupational limits differ more substantially.",
"Aims to support compliance verification and safety measure design for radiocommunication equipment in high-frequency environments.",
"Calls for future experimental validation and development of standardized Sab measurement techniques."
],
"categories": [
"RF Exposure Assessment",
"Compliance & Standards",
"5G & Next-Gen Wireless",
"Measurement Methods"
],
"tags": [
"ICNIRP 2020",
"RF Compliance",
"Multi-Source Exposure",
"Normalized Exposure Ratio",
"Absorbed Power Density",
"Incident Power Density",
"High-Frequency RF",
"Near-Field Exposure",
"Far-Field Exposure",
"5G",
"WiGig",
"Safety Standards"
],
"keywords": [
"electromagnetic field exposure",
"multiple sources",
"high-frequency",
"ICNIRP",
"absorbed power density",
"incident power density",
"normalized exposure ratio",
"RF compliance",
"5G",
"WiGig"
],
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"social": {
"tweet": "Conference paper proposes an ICNIRP 2020–based method to assess combined RF exposure from multiple simultaneous high-frequency sources, highlighting the lack of standardized absorbed power density (Sab) measurement above 10 GHz and suggesting incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary surrogate.",
"facebook": "This conference study presents an ICNIRP 2020–aligned approach to evaluate EMF exposure from multiple high-frequency sources at once using a normalized exposure ratio. It highlights a key measurement gap for absorbed power density (Sab) above 10 GHz and proposes using incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary substitute until standardized Sab measurement becomes feasible.",
"linkedin": "A 2025 SICE FES conference paper outlines an ICNIRP 2020–based framework for assessing combined exposure from multiple simultaneous high-frequency RF sources using a normalized exposure ratio. The authors emphasize the current lack of standardized absorbed power density (Sab) measurement above 10 GHz and propose incident power density (Sinc) as a temporary surrogate, calling for future experimental validation and standardization."
}
}
AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.
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