Protective properties of myrtle extract against oxidative effects of ELF EMF on rat plasma and hemoglobin

Abstract

Protective properties of myrtle extract against oxidative effects of ELF EMF on rat plasma and hemoglobin Seif F, Bayatiani MR, Ansarihadipour H, Habibi G, Sadelaji S. Protective properties of Myrtus communis extract against oxidative effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on rat plasma and hemoglobin. Int J Radiat Biol. 2018 Nov 29:1-22. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1542182. Abstract PURPOSE: This study investigates the protective properties of Myrtus communis extract against oxidative effects of Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELFMF). Also this study is aimed to analyze the conformational changes of hemoglobin, oxidative damages to plasma proteins and antioxidant power of plasma following exposure to ELFMF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult male rats were divided into 3 groups: (1) control, (2) ELFMF exposure, and (3) ELFMF exposure after Myrtus communis extract administration. The magnetic field (0.7 mT, 50 Hz) was produced by a Helmholtz coil for one month, 2 hours a day. The Myrtus communis extract was injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg before exposure to ELFMF. The oxidative effects of ELFMF were studied by evaluating the hemoglobin, methemoglobin (metHb) and hemichrome levels, absorption spectrum of hemoglobin (200 to 700 nm), oxidative damage to plasma proteins by measuring protein carbonyl (PCO) levels and plasma antioxidant power according to ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). The mean and standard errors of mean were determined for each group. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare the means of groups. The significance level was considered to be P < 0.05. Moreover, artificial neural network (ANN) analysis was used to identify the predictive parameters for estimating the oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration. RESULTS: Exposure to ELFMF decreased the FRAP which was in concomitant with a significant increase in plasma PCO, metHb and hemichrome concentrations (p < 0.001). Oxidative modifications of Hb were shown by reduction in optical density at 340nm (globin-heme interaction) and 420 nm (heme-heme interaction). Administration of Myrtus communis extract increased FRAP values and decreased plasma POC, metHb and hemichrome concentrations. Also a significant increase in Hb absorbance at 340, 420, 542 and 577 nm showed the protective properties of Myrtus communis extract against ELFMF-induced oxidative stress in erythrocytes. ANN analysis showed that optical absorption of hemoglobin at 520, 577, 542, and 630 nm and concentration of metHb and hemichrome were the most important parameters in predicting the oxyHb concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Myrtus communis extract enhances the ability of erythrocytes and plasma to deal with oxidative conditions during exposure to ELFMF. Also ANN analysis can predict the most important parameters in relation to Hb structure during oxidative stress. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

AI evidence extraction

Main findings

ELF magnetic field exposure (0.7 mT, 50 Hz) decreased FRAP and increased plasma PCO, metHb, and hemichrome concentrations (p < 0.001), with reported changes in Hb optical density at 340 nm and 420 nm. Myrtus communis extract administration (0.5 mg/kg i.p. before exposure) increased FRAP and decreased plasma PCO, metHb, and hemichrome, and increased Hb absorbance at 340, 420, 542, and 577 nm, consistent with a protective effect against ELFMF-associated oxidative changes.

Outcomes measured

• Plasma antioxidant power (FRAP)
• Plasma protein carbonyl (PCO) levels
• Hemoglobin (Hb) levels
• Methemoglobin (metHb) concentration
• Hemichrome concentration
• Hemoglobin absorption spectrum/optical density (200–700 nm; specific wavelengths reported)
• Conformational/oxidative modifications of hemoglobin
• Artificial neural network (ANN) identification of predictive parameters for oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration

Limitations

• Sample size not reported in the provided abstract/metadata
• Only adult male rats studied; generalizability to other populations/species not addressed in the abstract
• Exposure regimen limited to a single field strength (0.7 mT) and frequency (50 Hz)
• Myrtus communis extract administered intraperitoneally; relevance to other routes/doses not described in the abstract

Suggested hubs

• occupational-exposure (0.2)
  Study involves ELF magnetic field exposure parameters (50 Hz), which can be relevant to occupational ELF contexts, though this is an animal laboratory exposure.

{
    "study_type": "animal",
    "exposure": {
        "band": "ELF",
        "source": "Helmholtz coil (experimental magnetic field exposure)",
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": "1 month, 2 hours/day"
    },
    "population": "Adult male rats",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Plasma antioxidant power (FRAP)",
        "Plasma protein carbonyl (PCO) levels",
        "Hemoglobin (Hb) levels",
        "Methemoglobin (metHb) concentration",
        "Hemichrome concentration",
        "Hemoglobin absorption spectrum/optical density (200–700 nm; specific wavelengths reported)",
        "Conformational/oxidative modifications of hemoglobin",
        "Artificial neural network (ANN) identification of predictive parameters for oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration"
    ],
    "main_findings": "ELF magnetic field exposure (0.7 mT, 50 Hz) decreased FRAP and increased plasma PCO, metHb, and hemichrome concentrations (p < 0.001), with reported changes in Hb optical density at 340 nm and 420 nm. Myrtus communis extract administration (0.5 mg/kg i.p. before exposure) increased FRAP and decreased plasma PCO, metHb, and hemichrome, and increased Hb absorbance at 340, 420, 542, and 577 nm, consistent with a protective effect against ELFMF-associated oxidative changes.",
    "effect_direction": "mixed",
    "limitations": [
        "Sample size not reported in the provided abstract/metadata",
        "Only adult male rats studied; generalizability to other populations/species not addressed in the abstract",
        "Exposure regimen limited to a single field strength (0.7 mT) and frequency (50 Hz)",
        "Myrtus communis extract administered intraperitoneally; relevance to other routes/doses not described in the abstract"
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7800000000000000266453525910037569701671600341796875,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "extremely low frequency magnetic fields",
        "ELFMF",
        "ELF EMF",
        "50 Hz",
        "0.7 mT",
        "oxidative stress",
        "Myrtus communis",
        "myrtle extract",
        "rat",
        "plasma proteins",
        "protein carbonyl",
        "FRAP",
        "hemoglobin",
        "methemoglobin",
        "hemichrome",
        "absorption spectrum",
        "artificial neural network"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": [
        {
            "slug": "occupational-exposure",
            "weight": 0.200000000000000011102230246251565404236316680908203125,
            "reason": "Study involves ELF magnetic field exposure parameters (50 Hz), which can be relevant to occupational ELF contexts, though this is an animal laboratory exposure."
        }
    ]
}

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