Pulsed or continuous EMF induce apoptotic signaling pathway in mouse spermatogenic cells in vitro and may affect male fertility

PAPER manual 2017 In vitro study Effect: harm Evidence: Low

Read original paper → DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.015 Evidence Lab

Abstract

Pulsed or continuous EMF induce apoptotic signaling pathway in mouse spermatogenic cells in vitro and may affect male fertility Solek P, Majchrowicz L, Bloniarz D, Krotoszynska E, Koziorowski M. Pulsed or continuous electromagnetic field induce p53/p21-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway in mouse spermatogenic cells in vitro and thus may affect male fertility. Toxicology. 2017 Mar 16. pii: S0300-483X(17)30092-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.015. Abstract The impact of electromagnetic field (EMF) on the human health and surrounding environment is a common topic investigated over the years. A significant increase in the electromagnetic field concentration arouses public concern about the long-term effects of EMF on living organisms associated with many aspects. In the present study, we investigated the effects of pulsed and continuous electromagnetic field (PEMF/CEMF) on mouse spermatogenic cell lines (GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd) in terms of cellular and biochemical features in vitro. We evaluated the effect of EMF on mitochondrial metabolism, morphology, proliferation rate, viability, cell cycle progression, oxidative stress balance and regulatory proteins. Our results strongly suggest that EMF induces oxidative and nitrosative stress-mediated DNA damage, resulting in p53/p21-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, spermatogenic cells due to the lack of antioxidant enzymes undergo oxidative and nitrosative stress-mediated cytotoxic and genotoxic events, which contribute to infertility by reduction in healthy sperm cells pool. In conclusion, electromagnetic field present in surrounding environment impairs male fertility by inducing p53/p21-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

AI evidence extraction

At a glance

Study type

In vitro study

Effect direction

harm

Population

Mouse spermatogenic cell lines (GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd) in vitro

Sample size

—

Exposure

Evidence strength

Low

Confidence: 74% · Peer-reviewed: yes

Main findings

In mouse spermatogenic cell lines exposed in vitro to pulsed and continuous electromagnetic fields, the authors report oxidative and nitrosative stress-mediated DNA damage with p53/p21-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. They conclude these cytotoxic/genotoxic effects could reduce the healthy sperm cell pool and impair male fertility.

Outcomes measured

Mitochondrial metabolism
Cell morphology
Cell proliferation rate
Cell viability
Cell cycle progression
Oxidative stress balance
Regulatory proteins (p53/p21 signaling)
DNA damage (oxidative/nitrosative stress-mediated)
Cell cycle arrest
Apoptosis
Male fertility (inferred via reduction in healthy sperm cell pool)

Limitations

In vitro study using mouse spermatogenic cell lines; findings may not translate to humans or in vivo fertility outcomes.
Exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, duration) are not provided in the abstract.
No sample size or replication details are provided in the abstract.

View raw extracted JSON

{
    "study_type": "in_vitro",
    "exposure": {
        "band": null,
        "source": null,
        "frequency_mhz": null,
        "sar_wkg": null,
        "duration": null
    },
    "population": "Mouse spermatogenic cell lines (GC-1 spg and GC-2 spd) in vitro",
    "sample_size": null,
    "outcomes": [
        "Mitochondrial metabolism",
        "Cell morphology",
        "Cell proliferation rate",
        "Cell viability",
        "Cell cycle progression",
        "Oxidative stress balance",
        "Regulatory proteins (p53/p21 signaling)",
        "DNA damage (oxidative/nitrosative stress-mediated)",
        "Cell cycle arrest",
        "Apoptosis",
        "Male fertility (inferred via reduction in healthy sperm cell pool)"
    ],
    "main_findings": "In mouse spermatogenic cell lines exposed in vitro to pulsed and continuous electromagnetic fields, the authors report oxidative and nitrosative stress-mediated DNA damage with p53/p21-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. They conclude these cytotoxic/genotoxic effects could reduce the healthy sperm cell pool and impair male fertility.",
    "effect_direction": "harm",
    "limitations": [
        "In vitro study using mouse spermatogenic cell lines; findings may not translate to humans or in vivo fertility outcomes.",
        "Exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, duration) are not provided in the abstract.",
        "No sample size or replication details are provided in the abstract."
    ],
    "evidence_strength": "low",
    "confidence": 0.7399999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375,
    "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
    "keywords": [
        "electromagnetic field",
        "pulsed EMF",
        "continuous EMF",
        "PEMF",
        "CEMF",
        "mouse",
        "spermatogenic cells",
        "GC-1 spg",
        "GC-2 spd",
        "oxidative stress",
        "nitrosative stress",
        "DNA damage",
        "p53",
        "p21",
        "cell cycle arrest",
        "apoptosis",
        "male fertility"
    ],
    "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract/metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice.

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