RF-EMF Risk Perception & Trust in Radiation Protection Authorities: Comparative Study on Precautionary Information in Germany & Greece
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026
This randomized experimental study (N=2,169) tested how different precautionary information formats about RF-EMF (with emphasis on 5G) affect public risk perception and trust in radiation protection authorities in Germany and Greece. Simple precautionary tips generally did not increase risk perception or reduce…
Predictors of Risk Perception Among General Practitioners and Paediatricians Concerning Potential Health Effects of Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2026
This 2023 cross-sectional survey examined predictors of EMF-related health risk perception among 292 general practitioners and paediatricians in Germany. About 31% reported believing EMF exposure can cause health issues. Higher conspiracy belief was associated with higher EMF risk perception, while greater trust in…
Electrohypersensitivity: what is belief and what is known?
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This article addresses electrohypersensitivity (EHS) in the context of public health and EMF-related health concerns. It focuses on distinguishing beliefs about EMF effects from what is currently supported by scientific evidence. The provided text notes ongoing debate and concern and calls for critical assessment of…
What is the effect of alarmist media and radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure on salivary cortisol and non-specific symptoms?
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This randomized study tested whether viewing alarmist media and participating in an open-label RF-EMF provocation trial influenced non-specific symptoms and salivary cortisol. Participants who believed they were being exposed reported more symptoms than those who believed they were not exposed. The study did not find…
Chicken or egg? Attribution hypothesis and nocebo hypothesis to explain somatization associated to perceived RF-EMF exposure
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This longitudinal cohort study examined the temporal relationship between somatization and perceived RF-EMF exposure, comparing the attribution hypothesis with the nocebo hypothesis. Using AMIGO questionnaire data from 2011 and 2015, regression analyses suggested the attribution hypothesis more often explained…
Efficient design of electromagnetic field exposure maps with multi-method evolutionary ensembles
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This engineering/methods study proposes an evolutionary computation approach (PCRO-SL) to optimize the selection of measurement points for constructing RF-EMF exposure maps. Tested on real measurements in Meco (Madrid, Spain), it reports good agreement with a reference exposure map while reducing required sampling…
Could electrohypersensitivity be a specific form of high sensory processing sensitivity?
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This cross-sectional questionnaire study (n=100) examined whether electrohypersensitivity (EHS) overlaps with high sensory processing sensitivity (HSPS). A higher proportion of HSPS was observed among those reporting EHS symptoms, alongside significant differences in anxiety/depression symptomatology and EMF-related…
Does personal relevance moderate communication effects? The example of risk communication about 5G-related electromagnetic fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This cross-sectional study tested whether providing precautionary advice about RF-EMF in the context of 5G changes risk perception and trust in general population samples from Germany and Greece. Precautionary information showed few effects, increasing only one risk perception measure and only in Germany, and the…
Effects of website-based risk communication of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields on general public.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This study assessed whether website-based risk communication changes public attitudes and objective knowledge about RF-EMFs using three web surveys over 10 weeks with randomized assignment to control groups at later time points. Four attitude clusters were identified, with the anxious cluster showing reduced…
Affective evaluation and exposure perception of everyday mobile phone usage situations.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This qualitative exploratory study examined affective reactions and perceived RF-EMF exposure in everyday mobile phone and base-station situations in the context of the 5G rollout in Germany. Participants expressed more negative associations with base stations than with mobile phones, though RF-EMF exposure was only…
Wi-fi related radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF): a pilot experimental study of personal exposure and risk perception.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This pilot experimental study tested whether different types of information (basic text, precautionary information, or personal RF-EMF exposure measurements) affect perceptions of Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) RF-EMF. Risk perception and exposure perception did not differ by the type of information provided, although receiving…
Modeled and perceived RF-EMF, noise and air pollution and symptoms in a population cohort. Is perception key in predicting symptoms?
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This cohort study compared modeled residential RF-EMF, noise, and air pollution exposures with participants’ perceived exposure levels and self-reported symptoms. Correlations between modeled and perceived exposure were moderate for air pollution and noise but low for RF-EMF. Perceived exposure was consistently…
Does precautionary information about electromagnetic fields trigger nocebo responses? An experimental risk communication study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This experimental study tested whether providing precautionary information about EMF from WLAN devices increases symptom reporting during an alleged exposure situation. In a sham-exposure design (N=137), participants received either basic information about current WLAN exposure limits or additional precautionary…
Symptom attribution and risk perception in individuals with idiopathic environmental intolerance to electromagnetic fields and in the general population.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This cross-sectional study compared EMF-related health perceptions and symptom attribution among self-identified EMF-sensitive individuals from an internet panel, non-sensitive individuals, and an NGO-recruited IEI-EMF group. The internet-panel sensitive group reported more non-specific symptoms, higher perceived EMF…
Exposure Knowledge and Risk Perception of RF EMF.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This cross-sectional survey study (LEXNET project) examined how subjective exposure knowledge relates to risk perception (RP) for different RF EMF sources. Respondents were more concerned about base stations than other sources. Regression results suggested that most exposure-characteristic features (except distance)…
General practitioners' knowledge and concern about electromagnetic fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This cross-sectional survey sampled general practitioners in Germany to assess EMF knowledge and its relationship to concern about EMF health risks. Four latent knowledge groups were identified, with 43.1% giving mainly correct answers and 14.0% answering mostly "don't know". Concern was not related to knowledge…
Survey of ownership and use of mobile phones among medical science students in Yazd.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2009
This cross-sectional survey assessed mobile phone ownership and use patterns among 309 medical science students in Yazd using a self-administered questionnaire. The abstract reports descriptive statistics on daily talking time, music listening, texting, and common locations of phone use. While the paper references…
[Operational aspects of risk perception in the electromagnetic fields exposition].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2007
This study reports on symptomatology and risk perception among 45 people living near power-lines in the Benevento area. Although measured electric and magnetic fields were described as being within the normal range, participants reported symptoms mainly in subjective and behavioural domains. The authors argue that…