Associations between Individual and Geospatial Characteristics and Power of 4G Signals Received by Mobile Phones
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This exposure assessment study analyzed smartphone-logged 4G LTE RSSI and GPS data from adults in France to identify determinants of downlink signal strength. RSSI varied with geospatial factors (distance to antennas, antenna density, urbanicity) and time of day, and was also influenced by technical smartphone…
Determining the relationship between mobile phone network signal strength and RF-EMF exposure: protocol and pilot study to derive conversion functions
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This protocol and pilot study evaluated whether smartphone signal strength indicators can be converted into RF-EMF exposure estimates using derived formulas and regression models. The study reports a positive log-linear association between LTE RSSI and far-field (base station) exposure aggregated by location, while…
The Effect of Proximity Sensor & Grip Sensor Use on Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in Smartphones
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This engineering study examined how smartphone proximity and grip sensors affect SAR during LTE and 5G NR operation in a 3D measurement environment. The abstract reports that enabling these sensors reduces SAR relative to being turned off, with reductions varying by sensor and frequency. The authors attribute the…
Artificial Neural Network-Based Uplink Power Prediction From Multi-Floor Indoor Measurement Campaigns in 4G Networks.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper describes multi-floor indoor LTE measurement campaigns aimed at enabling assessment and monitoring of RF-EMF exposure, with emphasis on uplink exposure via mobile phone transmit power. Because uplink transmit power is not directly available from off-the-shelf devices, the authors propose an artificial…
Exposure to long-term evolution radiofrequency electromagnetic fields decreases neuroblastoma cell proliferation via Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined LTE RF-EMF exposure effects on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The authors report reduced cell proliferation and a G0/G1 cell-cycle delay after 1760 MHz exposure at 4 W/kg for 4 hr/day over 4 days. They report no marked DNA damage signal (γH2AX) and no apoptosis activation, but increased…
Long-Term Evolution Electromagnetic Fields Exposure Modulates the Resting State EEG on Alpha and Beta Bands.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This study evaluated whether exposure to EMF from an LTE system (described as equivalent to maximum LTE mobile phone emission) alters resting-state EEG. The abstract reports reduced spectral power and reduced interhemispheric coherence in alpha and beta bands in frontal and temporal regions. It also reports no…
New hybrid frequency reuse method for packet loss minimization in LTE network.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This engineering study addresses inter-cell interference in LTE networks as a driver of packet loss between base stations and mobile stations. It examines Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) and implements a new hybrid frequency reuse method with greater total system bandwidth than SFR while keeping per-cell bandwidth the…
The alteration of spontaneous low frequency oscillations caused by acute electromagnetic fields exposure.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This double-blind, randomized, crossover study examined whether 30 minutes of near-field LTE radiofrequency exposure near the right ear alters resting-state brain activity measured by fMRI. The authors report decreased ALFF in multiple temporal and frontal/paracentral regions after real exposure compared with sham,…
Whole brain EEG synchronization likelihood modulated by long term evolution electromagnetic fields exposure.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This conference paper examined whether LTE radiofrequency EMF exposure affects whole-brain EEG functional connectivity. Ten participants completed a crossover, double-blind real versus sham exposure protocol with 30 minutes of exposure per session while 32-channel EEG was recorded. Using synchronization likelihood,…