This population-based case-control study in Montréal (2008–2011) evaluated occupational extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure and postmenopausal breast cancer risk using a job-exposure matrix linked to lifetime job histories. Overall, it reports no association between occupational ELF-MF exposure and postmenopausal breast cancer. However, analyses focusing on specific exposure windows (0–10 years before interview or during breast development) reported some positive associations, especially for ER+/PR+ tumours.

This PRISMA-based systematic review evaluated 54 animal studies on the carcinogenicity of extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields. The authors report very little evidence that ELF magnetic fields alone are carcinogenic. Findings on co-carcinogenicity (ELF MFs combined with other agents) are inconclusive, and the review notes a clear indication of publication bias.

This French GEOCAP registry-based case-control study evaluated childhood acute leukemia risk in relation to residential proximity to high-voltage overhead power lines and modeled ELF magnetic-field exposure. It reports an increased risk for children under 5 living within 50 m of power lines, particularly when restricting to high-quality geocoded addresses. However, modeled ELF-MF exposure >0.3 µT was not associated with increased risk, and the authors suggest proximity may capture other factors and call for further research and precaution.