Efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic fields and electromagnetic fields tuned to the ion cyclotron resonance frequency of Ca on chondrogenic differentiation.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This in vitro study compared commonly used pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exposures with electromagnetic fields tuned to satisfy the ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) condition for calcium. After 3 weeks, the calcium ICR condition was associated with increased glycosaminoglycans and type II collagen synthesis and…
Effects of single and combined low frequency electromagnetic fields and simulated microgravity on gene expression of human mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenesis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This in vitro study exposed human mesenchymal stem cell pellets undergoing chondrogenesis to simulated microgravity (SMG), low-frequency EMF (5 mT, 15 Hz), or both for 3 weeks. SMG significantly changed gene expression and reduced chondrogenic marker expression (including COL2A1). LF-EMF alone showed no…
Electromagnetic fields counteract IL-1β activity during chondrogenesis of bovine mesenchymal stem cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study examined whether electromagnetic fields (EMFs) influence chondrogenic differentiation of bovine mesenchymal stem cell pellets, with and without the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The authors report EMFs had limited effects on chondrogenesis in the absence of inflammation, but in the presence of…