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3 postsFilters: tag: 4g Clear
Associations between Individual and Geospatial Characteristics and Power of 4G Signals Received by Mobile Phones
This exposure assessment study analyzed smartphone-logged 4G LTE RSSI and GPS data from adults in France to identify determinants of downlink signal strength. RSSI varied with geospatial factors (distance to antennas, antenna density, urbanicity) and time of day, and was also influenced by technical smartphone parameters. The study reports an estimated electric field strength derived from RSSI, but notes high uncertainty in this conversion.
Simultaneous 4G and 5G EMF Exposure and Field Uniformity in a Reverberation Chamber for Animal Studies
This engineering study describes the design and validation of a reverberation chamber intended for large-scale animal carcinogenicity research with RF EMF relevant to 4G/5G. E-field uniformity was tested under four loading scenarios, including setups with 80 Sprague-Dawley rats. The chamber achieved better than 1.36 dB E-field uniformity across scenarios, and the authors report a method to predict composite E-field intensity for simultaneous multi-frequency exposures.
In-Situ Measurements of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Measurements Around 5G Macro Base Stations in the UK
This exposure assessment performed RF spot measurements in line-of-sight to 56 active 5G macro base stations across 30 publicly accessible UK locations. Power density was measured across 420 MHz–6 GHz under multiple scenarios (background, streaming, downlink speed test, and extrapolated SS-RSRP decoding). Reported total RF and 5G-specific levels were within 1998 ICNIRP public reference levels, with 4G downlink contributing most of the measured exposure.