Ambient RF-EMF exposure in surgical operating rooms from telecommunication antennas and Wi-Fi sources
Research
PubMed: RF-EMF health
Jan 22, 2026
This PubMed-listed study measured ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels during surgical operations in 15 hospital operating rooms in Albacete, Spain, focusing on contributions from telecommunication antennas and Wi‑Fi. Using an exposimeter logging every 5 seconds across 67 procedures (~120…
Temporal change of outdoor RF-EMF levels in four European countries: a microenvironmental measurement study
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This microenvironmental measurement study assessed temporal trends in outdoor RF-EMF exposure between 2016 and 2023 in the Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Spain using harmonized walking-route measurements with exposimeters. The authors report no significant change in mobile base station (downlink) exposure…
Assessing RF EMF exposure in multiple microenvironments across ten European countries with a focus on 5G
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This exposure assessment measured environmental and auto-induced RF-EMF across more than 800 microenvironments in ten European countries, with a focus on 5G-related bands. Non-user environmental exposure was reported to be below international guideline values and similar to prior European research, while induced…
RF-EMF exposure assessment with add-on uplink exposure sensor in different microenvironments in seven European countries
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2025
This exposure assessment study introduces a cost-efficient add-on sensor attached to a smartphone to quantify auto-induced uplink RF-EMF transmission across 100–6000 MHz in multiple microenvironments. Activity-based surveys were conducted in seven European countries under non-user, maximum downlink, and maximum…
Temporal Change of Outdoor Rf-Emf Levels Four in European Countries: A Microenvironmental Measurement Study
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This microenvironmental measurement study assessed temporal trends in outdoor RF-EMF exposure from 2016 to 2023 in four European countries using repeated walking-route measurements with exposimeters. The abstract reports that data did not suggest significant changes in mobile base station (downlink) exposure over…
Evaluation of electric field (E) exposure levels and its relationship with the sleep quality of residents around the BTS antennas in Sabzevar, Iran.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2024
This study measured RF electric field exposure around BTS antennas in Sabzevar, Iran across multiple times and distances, and assessed residents' sleep quality. E-field levels varied by time, distance, and suburban versus downtown location, while microenvironment differences were not significant. Sleep quality…
Characterisation of spatial and temporal variability of RF-EMF exposure levels in urban environments in Flanders, Belgium.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2019
This exposure-assessment study used on-body calibrated personal exposimeters to characterize spatial and temporal variability of personal RF-EMF exposure across microenvironments in five cities in Flanders, Belgium. Brussels showed the highest mean total exposure, while Antwerp had higher downlink exposure than…
Comparison of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels in different everyday microenvironments in an international context.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This exposure assessment quantified RF-EMF levels using portable, high-sampling-rate devices across 94 outdoor microenvironments and 18 public transport vehicles in six countries. Mean outdoor exposure ranged from 0.23 to 1.85 V/m, and public transport exposure ranged from 0.32 to 0.86 V/m. Exposure varied…