Archive
3 postsLow-Cost Sensors in 5G RF-EMF Exposure Monitoring: Validity and Challenges
This PubMed-listed review examines how 5G deployment (denser small cells and beamforming) changes RF-EMF exposure patterns and evaluates the validity of low-cost sensors for 5G exposure monitoring. Reviewing over 60 studies across Sub-6 GHz and emerging mmWave systems, it reports that well-calibrated low-cost sensors can approach professional instruments within a few dB, but highlights persistent challenges such as calibration drift, frequency coverage gaps, and data interoperability. The authors argue that standardized calibration protocols and open data frameworks could help low-cost sensors complement professional monitoring and improve transparency.
Causal relationship between the duration of mobile phone use and risk of stroke: A Mendelian randomization study
This Mendelian randomization study assessed whether duration of mobile phone use is causally related to stroke outcomes using GWAS-derived SNP instruments. The inverse-variance weighted analysis reported a significant increased risk for large artery atherosclerosis (LAAS) with longer mobile phone use duration, while other stroke outcomes showed no significant associations. Sensitivity analyses (including MR-Egger and heterogeneity/asymmetry tests) were reported as suggesting the LAAS finding was robust.
Instruments and Measurement Techniques to Assess Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields
This paper presents a quantitative framework for selecting extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) measurement instruments. It uses a weighted scoring matrix across six criteria and a logic-based flowchart to guide instrument choice based on operational needs. The framework is demonstrated in an occupational case study and is positioned as supporting transparent, adaptable device selection for occupational safety and public health.