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This PubMed-listed in vitro study tested whether 1800 MHz RF-EMF exposure can modify chemically induced DNA damage in mouse embryonic fibroblasts under standardized, non-thermal conditions. The authors report RF-EMF alone did not produce detectable DNA damage and did not significantly increase damage from hydrogen…

RF Safe argues that “no effect” findings in some RF exposure studies should be interpreted as meaningful negative controls rather than as evidence that RF has no biological effects. The post presents RF Safe’s “S4–Mito–Spin” framework, claiming certain skin cell types (fibroblasts and keratinocytes) are predicted to…

This in vitro study tested whether 1800 MHz RF-EMF modifies chemically induced DNA damage in mouse embryonic fibroblasts under non-thermal exposure conditions. RF-EMF alone did not produce detectable DNA damage and did not significantly enhance damage from hydrogen peroxide, 4NQO, or cadmium. In contrast, co-exposure…

This study reports on 26 adults self-diagnosed with electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) who provided skin biopsies to generate primary fibroblast lines. The authors describe two EHS subsets based on questionnaire and DNA damage-related measures, and report delayed ATM nucleoshuttling after X-ray exposure in all…

This in vitro study exposed human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells to 2.5 GHz RF-EMF for 24, 48, and 72 hours and assessed viability and morphology. The authors report decreased viability in fibroblasts and increased viability in prostate cancer cells after exposure, while morphology showed no significant…

This in vitro study examined effects of a 6 mT, 60 Hz uniform ELF electromagnetic field on HeLa cells and primary IMR-90 fibroblasts. Single or repetitive exposure did not induce DNA damage or change viability, but continuous exposure over 168 hours was reported to increase proliferation in both cell types in a…

This in vitro study examined whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure alters MMP-2 expression in cultured human fetal scleral fibroblasts and whether puerarin modifies this response. The authors report increased MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression after 0.2 mT ELF-EMF exposure for 24…

This in vitro study examined whether continuous extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (3 Hz, 4 mT for 3 hours) alter protein expression in human fibroblast cells using proteomics. The authors report that some protein expressions differed between exposed and sham cells. They identify reduced expression (about…