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This animal study measured ROS in Drosophila bodies and ovaries after short- and long-term exposure to DECT base RF (1.88–1.90 GHz; SAR 0.009 W/kg). The abstract reports increased ROS in bodies after 6 h exposure and in ovaries after 0.5–1 h exposure, with apparent saturation under longer continuous exposure. It also…

This narrative review argues that non-thermal biological effects of extremely low and microwave frequency EMFs may be mediated by activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). It cites 23 studies in which VGCC blockers reportedly block or reduce diverse EMF effects and proposes downstream…

This paper discusses a mechanism by which weak electromagnetic exposure could perturb radical pair recombination rates, potentially increasing radical lifetimes. It reports significant melatonin interruption and circadian rhythm changes due to perturbation of chemical reaction rates, and notes that mRNA degradation…

This experimental study exposed adult male Wistar rats to 900 MHz GSM-band cell phone-related waves for 2 or 3 weeks and assessed sperm parameters and total antioxidant capacity. All exposure groups showed significantly reduced sperm viability, motility, and total antioxidant capacity compared with controls.…

This animal study exposed male Fischer-344 rats to 900 MHz or 1800 MHz microwave radiation for 30 days (2 h/day) and compared outcomes to sham exposure. The authors report significant cognitive impairment along with increased oxidative stress in brain tissue in exposed rats. They also report increased inflammatory…

This in vitro study tested whether 900 MHz GSM mobile phone radiation affects ferritin measurements in human serum wells. Exposed wells (30 minutes, speech-mode phone) showed a statistically significant decrease in ferritin compared with unexposed controls. The authors propose RF exposure may influence…

This animal study examined whether an extremely low frequency magnetic field (7 mT, 40 Hz) used in magnetotherapy alters oxidative balance in rat brain after 10 days of exposure. The 30 min/day exposure condition was associated with increased lipid peroxidation, while the 60 min/day condition was associated with…

This review discusses the comet assay and summarizes research on non-ionizing EMF exposure and DNA/chromosomal damage. It describes both positive and negative findings across studies, noting no consistent overall pattern for radiofrequency radiation (RFR). The authors nonetheless conclude that under certain exposure…

This rat study examined whether EMR from GSM mobile phones affects oxidant/antioxidant status. Compared with controls, exposed rats had lower plasma antioxidant vitamins (C, E, A), reduced glutathione, and lower CAT and SOD activities. The acute exposure condition was reported to produce larger decreases than the…

This rat study examined 900 MHz radiofrequency exposure (30 min/day for 30 days) and reported biochemical and histopathologic changes in endometrial tissue consistent with oxidative stress and tissue injury. The abstract reports increased NO and MDA and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) in…

This paper reports observations in northern inhabitants relating geomagnetic conditions to circadian rhythm patterns in saliva total antioxidant capacity. It states that the amplitude of the circadian rhythm decreases during both increased geomagnetic activity and magnetic calm, with the most favorable rhythm display…