Microwave radiation alters burn injury-evoked electric potential in Nicotiana benthamiana.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2018
This plant study examined whether 2.45 GHz continuous-wave microwave exposure affects electric signaling in Nicotiana benthamiana after leaf burning. The authors report a significant reduction in the amplitude of the injury-evoked variation potential, mainly due to a reduced depolarization rate. The reported effect…
Effect of Exposure to 900 MHz GSM Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Radiation on Estrogen Receptor Methylation Status in Colon Cells of Male Sprague Dawley Rats
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Mar 1, 2017
This animal study exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats to 900 MHz GSM mobile phone RF radiation for 4 hours and assessed ERα promoter methylation in colon tissue. The authors report altered ERα methylation patterns versus controls after RF exposure. They also report no radioadaptive response in ERα methylation following…
RF-EMF exposure at 1800 MHz did not elicit DNA damage or abnormal cellular behaviors in different neurogenic cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study assessed whether intermittent 1800 MHz RF-EMF exposure induces DNA damage or alters cellular behavior in three neurogenic cell lines. Cells were exposed at an average SAR of 4.0 W/kg for 1, 6, or 24 hours and evaluated for γH2AX foci, cell cycle progression, proliferation, and viability. The…
Combined effects of electromagnetic field and low-level laser increase proliferation and alter the morphology of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study tested 50 Hz, 3 mT electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and 808 nm low-level laser (LLL), alone and combined, on human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from six donors. The authors report increased cell numbers after 7 days with EMF, greater increases with LLL, and the largest…
Long-Term Evolution Electromagnetic Fields Exposure Modulates the Resting State EEG on Alpha and Beta Bands.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This study evaluated whether exposure to EMF from an LTE system (described as equivalent to maximum LTE mobile phone emission) alters resting-state EEG. The abstract reports reduced spectral power and reduced interhemispheric coherence in alpha and beta bands in frontal and temporal regions. It also reports no…
Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study exposed human keratinocyte cells (NCTC 2544) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 0.25–2 G and assessed oxidative stress-related endpoints. Significant increases in ROS were reported at 0.5 and 1 G, with associated short-term changes in antioxidant and lipid peroxidation markers. The authors report that…
Exposure to 2100 MHz electromagnetic field radiations induces reactive oxygen species generation in roots.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This experimental study examined whether 2100 MHz cell phone-related RF-EMF exposure affects oxidative stress markers in onion roots. After 1–4 hours of continuous-wave exposure in a single day, the study reports increased lipid peroxidation and ROS-related measures (MDA, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion).…
Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study examined whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure alters morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats. Rats exposed to a 50 Hz magnetic field (reported as 5 mT) showed higher morphine analgesic effects than rats given morphine without field exposure. In morphine-tolerant rats,…
Effect of electromagnetic fields and antioxidants on the trace element content of rat teeth.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) from a high-voltage source alter trace element concentrations in rat teeth and whether antioxidants (melatonin and glutathione) modify these changes. Rats were exposed 8 hours/day for 26 or 52 days, with separate sham…
Alterations of Immune Parameters on Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study exposed Trichoplusia ni larvae to 60 Hz, 2.0 mT ELF-EMF for 24, 48, or 72 hours and assessed immune parameters and fertility. The abstract reports no effect on life cycle and fertility after 24 hours, but several immune-related measures changed after 48–72 hours, including reduced hemolymph protein…
Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria and .
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro study assessed whether RF-EMF exposure from a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone simulator and a 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router alters bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics. The authors report significant changes in inhibition zone diameters and bacterial growth rate after exposure. They also describe an exposure window…
The influence of prenatal 10 GHz microwave radiation exposure on a developing mice brain.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This animal study examined prenatal exposure to 10 GHz microwave radiation starting at gestation day 0.25 or 11.25 until term. At 3 weeks of age, offspring from exposed pregnancies showed reduced brain and body weight and biochemical changes consistent with oxidative stress compared with sham controls. The authors…
MICROWAVE RADIATION INDUCED SYNTHESIS OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-GRAFT- (POLYVINYLALCOHAL-CO-ACRYLIC ACID) POLYMERIC NETWORK AND ITS IN VITRO EVALUATION.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2017
This in vitro materials study compares microwave irradiation versus conventional water-bath heating for synthesizing HPMC-graft-(PVA-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels loaded with captopril. The authors report that microwave-synthesized hydrogels had more uniformly porous structures and higher swelling ratios, with…
Efficient DNA ligation by selective heating of DNA ligase with a radio frequency alternating magnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This in vitro study describes a method to improve DNA ligation by immobilizing T4 DNA ligase on ferromagnetic particles and applying a radio frequency alternating magnetic field. The field causes the particles to dissipate heat, which the authors report selectively heats and activates the ligase while minimally…
Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for Mechanical Lysis of Tumor Cells by Low-Amplitude Alternating Magnetic Field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This animal and in vitro study reports a method to lyse tumor cells mechanically using targeted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles rotated by a weak alternating magnetic field. Nude mice with head and neck tumors received cetuximab-coated nanoparticles and 4 Hz field exposures for 30 minutes on alternating…
Influence of Growth Rate and Magnetic Field on Microstructure and Properties of Directionally Solidified Ag-Cu Eutectic Alloy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This materials study examined how growth rate and an external magnetic field affect microstructure and properties in directionally solidified Ag-Cu eutectic alloys. The lamellar spacing followed the Jackson-Hunt model with a reported constant of 5.8 µm³/s. Increasing magnetic field tilted eutectic growth and…
Automated ABO Rh-D blood type detection using smartphone imaging for point-of-care medical diagnostics.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This conference paper describes an automated method for ABO and Rh-D blood typing using images captured by low-cost mobile phones of a fabric strip rapid diagnostic test. The approach applies morphological image processing steps including noise reduction, range filtering, and empirically derived heuristics to…
Evaluation of the electric field in the brain during transcranial direct current stimulation: A sensitivity analysis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This computational study used finite element modeling to estimate the electric field distribution in the brain during tDCS for two electrode montages targeting the left DLPFC. It systematically varied isotropic tissue conductivity profiles to assess sensitivity of predicted E-field magnitude and components in the…
The effect of inter-electrode distance on the electric field distribution during transcutaneous lumbar spinal cord direct current stimulation.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This engineering-focused study examined how inter-electrode distance in transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) affects electric field distribution in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord. Peak E-field magnitudes occurred in the lumbo-sacral region for all configurations. Larger electrode separations…
[The influence of alternating magnetic field on in vitro litholysis of uroliths in blemaren water solutions].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This in vitro study examined whether exposing Blemaren water solutions (pH 6.15) to a 2 Hz alternating magnetic field for one hour changes their ability to dissolve uroliths. The authors report higher dissolution efficiency (about 1.922d7) in pre-exposed solutions compared with non-exposed controls. They also report…
[Effects of 1.8 mT sinusoidal alternating electromagnetic fields of different frequencies on bone biomechanics of young rats].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This randomized animal experiment exposed 32 young female rats to 1.8 mT sinusoidal alternating electromagnetic fields at 10, 25, or 40 Hz for 90 minutes per day. The 10 Hz and 40 Hz groups had higher BMD and improved femur and lumbar vertebra biomechanical properties compared with controls, and micro-CT suggested…
Magnetophoretic Conductors and Diodes in a 3D Magnetic Field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This engineering study demonstrates magnetophoretic track designs that transport single magnetized beads and magnetically labeled single cells in a 3D time-varying magnetic field. A vertical field bias is reported to reduce particle clustering but necessitates redesigned track geometries with alternating curvature.…
Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation from Smartphones on Learning Ability and Hippocampal Progenitor Cell Proliferation in Mice.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2016
This mouse study examined chronic smartphone electromagnetic radiation exposure and its effects on spatial working memory and hippocampal progenitor cell proliferation. The authors report no significant differences in Y-maze spontaneous alternation or BrdU-labeled progenitor proliferation after exposure, but…
The role of the location of personal exposimeters on the human body in their use for assessing exposure to the electromagnetic field in the radiofrequency range 98-2450 MHz and compliance analysis: evaluation by virtual measurements
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This study used numerical modeling with a human body model to evaluate how the placement of a single body-worn personal exposimeter affects RF electric-field measurements in the 98–2450 MHz range. Across 256 simulated exposure scenarios, the body substantially altered measured values compared with the unperturbed…
Impacts of exposure to 900 MHz mobile phone radiation on liver function in rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This animal experiment randomized 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats to 900 MHz electromagnetic radiation exposure (4 h/day for 18 days) or no exposure. The exposed group showed increased oxidative stress markers in liver tissue (higher MDA, lower GSH) and reported histopathological changes, along with increased apoptosis…