This review discusses how human cells may sense and respond to electromagnetic waves, focusing on radiofrequency and microwave ranges. It reports that the literature shows variable health impacts, with studies citing both potential harms and potential benefits in diagnostics and treatment (including cancer-related applications). The review highlights emerging molecular mechanisms and calls for safe, practical applications and balanced consideration in regulation.

This cross-sectional survey study reports the prevalence of self-reported sensitivities to multiple environmental factors, including EMFs, in Germany, Sweden, and Finland. Mild EMF-related reactions were reported by about 10% in Germany and about 5% in Nordic samples, while strong reactions were reported by a smaller proportion. The authors highlight that prevalence estimates depend on how sensitivity is classified and recommend ordinal scales to better capture severity and improve comparability across studies.

This narrative review focuses on RF exposure in military contexts, emphasizing thermal effects as the established mechanism of harm and discussing safety limits set by bodies such as ICNIRP and IEEE. It reports that whole-body SAR limits (≤4 W/kg) generally prevent dangerous core temperature rises, but localized heating risks may persist for tissues like skin and eyes, especially when thermoregulation is impaired. The review highlights CEM43 as a potentially useful thermal-dose metric but notes complexity for transient exposures and calls for improved models and methods across relevant frequency bands.

This dosimetry intercomparison evaluated epithelial/absorbed power density and temperature rise in two high-resolution anatomical human face models under localized antenna exposures at 10 and 30 GHz. The study reports a statistical correlation between spatially averaged absorbed power density and temperature rise when appropriate averaging is applied. Antenna type/configuration was identified as the dominant contributor to variability, exceeding differences from averaging methods or anatomical models.

This NIEHS report describes the development and testing of a flexible whole-body radiofrequency radiation exposure system for rats and mice using updated signals relevant to wireless technologies. In 5-day studies with CDMA- and GSM-modulated signals, no visible behavioral responses were observed and comet assays reported no DNA damage in multiple tissues. The report notes technical challenges, particularly difficulty obtaining reliable body temperature measurements during exposure, and positions the system as a prototype for future mechanistic toxicology studies.

This review synthesizes evidence on how direct current and alternating current electrical stimulation affect neurons and glia in the central nervous system, spanning basic research and clinical translation. It reports polarity- and parameter-dependent effects on axonal growth, along with immunomodulatory glial responses that may favor regeneration and enhanced myelination via OPC differentiation. The authors note early clinical applications with potential longer-term functional improvements, while emphasizing that stimulation parameters and patient context can influence risks and benefits.

This exposure-assessment study proposes and validates a method to measure instantaneous RF exposure under typical base station load by generating defined data rates (low/medium/high) using iPerf and measuring channel power across services. Validation at four base stations suggests the approach is reliable across different times of day and loads, with reproducible results when averaging over 30 sweeps. Comparisons indicate iPerf-provoked constant data rates generally match exposure during real application usage, with few deviations beyond stated uncertainty.

No abstract is available in the provided material. From the title, the article appears to defend or affirm the methodological rigor and reliability of evaluations in the authors' systematic review on RF-EMF exposure and animal cancer. Specific results regarding carcinogenic effects are not stated in the provided text.

This exposure/compliance assessment study collected 5- and 30-minute transmitted power data over one month from more than 400 5G FR2 beamforming base stations in urban Japan to evaluate the IEC 62232:2025 “actual maximum approach.” All measured transmitted powers were below configured maxima, with 30-minute averaged normalized maxima reported as < -8 dB, while 5-minute averaged maxima reached about -3 dB under low UE counts. The authors report that the actual maximum approach can avoid overestimation for longer averaging times, but may underestimate exposure for stations with three or fewer UEs if power is not monitored and controlled.

This review examines how variability in computational dosimetry models affects assessment of human RF exposure from MHz to terahertz frequencies, focusing on SAR, absorbed power density, and temperature rise. It reports that anatomical scaling and model choices can drive meaningful differences in predicted SAR (including higher values in children/smaller models), while temperature-rise predictions are especially sensitive to thermophysiological parameters and vascular modeling. The authors indicate that computed variability remains within ICNIRP/IEEE safety margins but argue that uncertainties warrant ongoing research and refinement as new technologies (e.g., 6G) emerge.

This engineering/modeling study developed a 3D myelin microstructure model using finite element analysis and high-resolution imaging to simulate local electromagnetic field distributions. It reports that myelin architecture substantially shapes the distribution of electromagnetic fields across neural tissues. The authors suggest these field variations could potentially serve as non-invasive indicators of myelin integrity and may support tracking neurodegenerative disease progression.