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Osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields on stem cells derived from rat bone marrow cultured in osteogenic medium versus conditioned medium in vitro.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested whether ELF-EMF exposure (50 Hz, 1 mT; 30 min/day) influences osteogenic differentiation markers in rat bone-marrow-derived stem cells cultured in osteogenic medium or in human adipose-stem cell-conditioned medium. The OM + EMF condition showed higher ALP activity and higher Runx2 and Ocn…

NET Formation Was Reduced via Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study examined whether a 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) affects neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. In neutrophils from healthy volunteers, ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS or calcium influx and did not increase basal or PMA-induced NET formation.…

Human osteosarcoma cells in response to ELF-MF: Morphological remodeling compared to cell proliferation.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study exposed human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells to 2 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields with sinusoidal, triangular, or pulsed waveforms under continuous (3 h) or fractionated (3 days) conditions. The authors report significant decreases in proliferation and shape index in exposed cells versus…

Seed Treatment with Electromagnetic Field Induces Different Effects on Emergence, Growth and Profiles of Biochemical Compounds in Seven Half-Sib Families of Silver Birch.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This study evaluated a short (1 min) electromagnetic field (EMF) seed treatment in seven half-sib families of silver birch and assessed emergence, growth, and leaf biochemical profiles in one- and two-year-old seedlings. The abstract reports genotype- and age-dependent responses, with some families showing…

The Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Inflammation and Performance-Related Indices in Trained Athletes: A Double-Blinded Crossover Study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This double-blinded crossover study tested an ELF-EMF mattress used immediately after high-intensity cycling and overnight in nine trained male athletes. The authors report no significant overall effects on performance and inflammation. However, between 60 minutes and 24 hours post-exercise, the active condition…

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation (ELF-EMS) Improves Neurological Outcome and Reduces Microglial Reactivity in a Rodent Model of Global Transient Stroke.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal and laboratory study evaluated extremely low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation (ELF-EMS) in a rodent ischemia-reperfusion stroke model and related in vitro/slice experiments. The authors report improved neurological and behavioral outcomes, increased neuronal survival, and reduced glial/microglial…

P53 status, and G2/M cell cycle arrest, are determining factors in cell-death induction mediated by ELF-EMF in glioblastoma.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested ELF-EMF exposure in U87 and U251 glioblastoma cell lines and assessed apoptosis, cell-cycle distribution, cell size, and mRNA expression of cell-cycle genes. The authors report higher apoptosis induction and increased G2/M arrest in U87 compared with U251, alongside increased U87 cell size…

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure alters DNA methylation levels in the endometrium of pigs during the peri-implantation period.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study exposed porcine endometrial slices from the peri-implantation period (days 15–16 of pregnancy) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 2 hours and assessed promoter DNA methylation in selected genes. The authors report increased methylation for EGR2, ID2, and PTGER4, decreased methylation for IL1RAP and NOS3, and no…

Synergistic cytotoxic effects of an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field with doxorubicin on MCF-7 cell line.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study tested whether a 50 Hz, 20 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) enhances the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The authors report that combining ELF-EMF with low-dose DOX reduced cell viability at lower DOX concentrations than DOX…

Low-energy amplitude-modulated electromagnetic field exposure: Feasibility study in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This single-site feasibility trial evaluated repeated 90-minute amplitude-modulated EMF exposure (AutEMdev) in 66 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The primary focus was safety and hemodynamic variability during exposure, with exploratory outcomes including quality of life, survival, and tumor…

Measuring and assessing the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on blood parameters and liver enzymes of personnel working in high voltage power stations in a petrochemical industry.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This cross-sectional study in a petrochemical industry compared 50 high-voltage power-station workers exposed to ELF-EMF with 50 controls. Electric and magnetic fields were measured at 200 points, and blood parameters and liver enzymes were extracted from medical records. The study reports no significant differences…

50 Hz Magnetic Field Exposure Inhibited Spontaneous Movement of Zebrafish Larvae through ROS-Mediated syn2a Expression.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This zebrafish study exposed embryos to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 100–800 μT for 1 h or 24 h daily over 5 days. The authors report no changes in hatching, mortality, or malformation rates, but report reduced spontaneous movement at 200 μT along with brain histological abnormalities. They also report increased ROS and…

Impact of ketamine administration on chronic unpredictable stress-induced rat model of depression during extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure: Behavioral, histological and molecular study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This animal study evaluated ketamine administration combined with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) rat model. The authors report that the combined treatment increased depression-like behavior and neuronal degeneration, reduced GFAP(+) cells in…

Intermittent Exposure to a 16 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Promotes Osteogenesis In Vitro through Activating Piezo 1-Induced Ca Influx in Osteoprogenitor Cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This in vitro study compared continuous versus intermittent 16 Hz ELF-PEMF exposure strategies in osteoprogenitor (SCP-1) cells. Intermittent exposure (10 min every 8 h) was reported to enhance cell numbers and osteogenic function relative to continuous daily exposure (30 min every 24 h). The authors report increased…

Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field on the pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2023

This laboratory study examined Magnaporthe oryzae pathogenicity under extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure (50 Hz, 3 mT). The authors report increased infection ability, growth rate, and conidia generation with ELF-EMF exposure. They also report increased tolerance to a cell wall-perturbing agent…

Effects of repeated exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field on breast cancer cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study exposed two human breast cancer cell lines to a 50 Hz ELF-EMF (20 mT) for 3 hours/day for up to four days. The authors report reduced viability and apoptosis-related findings in MDA-MB-231 cells, with no significant viability change in MCF-7 cells. Cell-cycle effects differed by cell line,…

Enhanced dechlorination of trichloroethene by sulfidated microscale zero-valent iron under low-frequency AC electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This laboratory remediation study evaluates low-frequency AC electromagnetic field (AC EMF) induction heating of sulfidated microscale zero-valent iron (S-mZVI) to enhance dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE). The authors report substantially higher heating of S-mZVI under AC EMF and faster TCE degradation than…

The Effect of 12 Hz Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Field on Visual Memory of Male Macaque Monkeys.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal experiment assessed visual memory, cortisol, GR gene expression, and amygdala volume in four male rhesus macaques exposed to a 12 Hz, 0.7 μT ELF magnetic field. The exposed monkeys reportedly showed improved visual memory and reduced serum cortisol and GR gene expression, while controls did not show…

Vacuum and Electromagnetic Fields Treatment to Regenerate a Diffuse Mature Facial Scar Caused by Sulfuric Acid Assault.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This article reports a case of a woman with an extended, mature facial scar from sulfuric acid assault treated with a procedure combining vacuum and electromagnetic fields. Before and after treatment, aesthetic appearance, motor function, and several skin physical parameters were evaluated. The authors report…

Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of Physical Therapy with the Use of the Electromagnetic Field Combined with Light Radiation Emitted by LEDs in the Treatment of Inflammation of the Paranasal Sinuses-A Case Study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This case study used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess a physical therapy approach combining extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure with LED light for paranasal sinusitis. In one 39-year-old female patient, CBCT findings reportedly showed near-complete restoration of sinus…

Effects of prolonged exposure to ELF-EMF on HERVs expression in human melanoma cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether 96-hour exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF affects expression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV-H, HERV-K, HERV-W) in SK-MEL-37 human melanoma cells. Cells were continuously exposed at 1.5 or 3 mT and HERV env mRNA levels were measured by qPCR. The authors report significant…

Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study examined whether Schumann Resonance-range ELF electromagnetic fields (7.8, 14.3, 20.8 Hz) influence redox metabolism components in wheat and pea leaves after short (30 min) and long (18 days) exposures. The authors report that short-time exposure produced more pronounced biological effects than long-time…

Thermomagnetic Resonance Effect of the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Three-Dimensional Cancer Models.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study tested an ELF-EMF at a calculated thermal resonant frequency in 2D and 3D culture models of human pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and breast cancer. The authors report reduced cell growth and a metabolic shift, including potentiation of coupled and uncoupled respiration and altered transcription…

Improved osteogenic differentiation by extremely low electromagnetic field exposure: possible application for bone engineering.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined intermittent extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure (6 h/day) in human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells during osteogenic differentiation. After 10 days, ELF-EMF-exposed cells showed increased proliferation and calcium deposition versus sham.…

Bidirectional Effect of Repeated Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (50 Hz) of 1 and 7 mT on Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Rat's Brain: The Prediction for the Vulnerability to Diseases.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This rat study examined repeated 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (1 or 7 mT) and measured oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers in the prefrontal cortex, including responses to a subsequent open-field stressor. The authors report intensity- and repetition-dependent effects: 1 mT produced weak changes and was…

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