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Mitigation of biofouling using electromagnetic fields in tubular heat exchangers-condensers cooled by seawater.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This paper describes an engineering application of electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment to mitigate biofouling in seawater-cooled tubular heat exchanger-condensers. After allowing a biofilm to stabilize, EMF treatment was applied and was reported to precipitate dissolved ions and contribute to partial…

Sensory transduction of weak electromagnetic fields: role of glutamate neurotransmission mediated by NMDA receptors.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This rat EEG study reports that weak electromagnetic fields elicited evoked potentials in awake animals but not under anesthesia that included ketamine. Xylazine anesthesia did not eliminate EMF-evoked potentials, whereas ketamine (an NMDA receptor antagonist) was associated with absence of both EMF-evoked and…

Effects of 900 MHz electromagnetic field emitted by cellular phones on electrocardiograms of guinea pigs.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study examined whether RF-EMF from cellular phones affects electrocardiograms in guinea pigs. Thirty guinea pigs were randomized to control (no exposure) or RF-EMF exposure (890–915 MHz; SAR 0.95 W/kg) for 12 hours per day over 30 days. The study reports no significant effects on ECG findings under these…

Assessment and comparison of total RF-EMF exposure in femtocell and macrocell base station scenarios.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This study assessed and compared total RF-EMF exposure for a mobile-phone user in an office environment when connected to an indoor femtocell base station versus a conventional macrocell base station. Using a framework that combines near-field and far-field exposure, the authors report a 20–40× reduction in total…

Spatial learning, monoamines and oxidative stress in rats exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field in combination with iron overload.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study tested whether 900 MHz EMF exposure, alone or combined with brain iron overload, affects cognition and brain biochemistry in Long-Evans rats. EMF-exposed rats showed impairment in an object exploration task and changes in monoamine content (notably in the hippocampus), while other spatial…

No influence of acute RF exposure (GSM-900, GSM-1800, and UMTS) on mouse retinal ganglion cell responses under constant temperature conditions.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This double-blind in vitro study exposed isolated mouse retinae to GSM-900, GSM-1800, and UMTS RF-EMF at SARs up to 20 W/kg while maintaining constant temperature. Changes in retinal ganglion cell responses to light stimuli were compared before, during, and up to 35 minutes after exposure. The authors report no…

Use of portable exposure meters for comparing mobile phone base station radiation in different types of areas in the cities of Basel and Amsterdam.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This exposure assessment study used portable exposure meters to characterize variability and repeatability of mobile phone base station RF-EMF measurements in urban areas of Basel and Amsterdam. Reported exposure levels varied by area type and city, with downtown/business areas showing higher ranges than residential…

Interference between active implanted medical devices and electromagnetic field emitting devices is rare but real: results of an incidence study in a population of physicians in France.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This cross-sectional incidence survey used a postal questionnaire to assess physician-observed interference incidents between EMF-emitting devices and active implanted medical devices (AIMDs) in France. Among 1,188 participating physicians, 16% reported AIMD failures, typically of moderate severity but sometimes…

Assessing of plasma protein denaturation induced by exposure to cadmium, electromagnetic fields and their combined actions on rat.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study examined whether cadmium, EMF exposure, or their combination affects oxidative damage and protein structure in rat plasma. The authors report increased oxidative protein damage markers and changes in protein-related measures after cadmium and/or EMF exposure. Effects were described as more…

Investigating short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields on reproductive capacity of invertebrates in the field situation.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This field experiment examined short-term (48-hour) exposure to RF EMF from a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone base station on reproductive endpoints in four invertebrate species. The study reports no significant effects of exposure metrics on fecundity or number of offspring, and notes that distance was not a suitable proxy…

Effect of Bluetooth headset and mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the human auditory nerve.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This randomized trial assessed short-term effects of electromagnetic fields from a mobile phone versus a Bluetooth headset on cochlear nerve activity during vestibular neurectomy in 12 patients. Bluetooth headset exposure showed no significant change in CNAP amplitude or latency. Direct mobile phone exposure was…

Exposure Knowledge and Risk Perception of RF EMF.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This cross-sectional survey study (LEXNET project) examined how subjective exposure knowledge relates to risk perception (RP) for different RF EMF sources. Respondents were more concerned about base stations than other sources. Regression results suggested that most exposure-characteristic features (except distance)…

Cell hydration as a biomarker for estimation of biological effects of nonionizing radiation on cells and organisms.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This comparative study examined how distilled water pretreated by different nonionizing radiation modalities (mechanical vibration/infrasound, static magnetic field, ELF EMF, and microwave) affected hydration of barley seeds in dormant versus germination periods. The authors report greater sensitivity of hydration to…

Whole brain EEG synchronization likelihood modulated by long term evolution electromagnetic fields exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This conference paper examined whether LTE radiofrequency EMF exposure affects whole-brain EEG functional connectivity. Ten participants completed a crossover, double-blind real versus sham exposure protocol with 30 minutes of exposure per session while 32-channel EEG was recorded. Using synchronization likelihood,…

Optimization of a therapeutic electromagnetic field (EMF) to retard breast cancer tumor growth and vascularity.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This animal study evaluated a therapeutic 120 Hz pulsed EMF device (10–20 mT) in C3H mice bearing implanted murine mammary adenocarcinoma tumors. Across seven treated groups, EMF exposure over 12 days was reported to suppress tumor growth, with specific dose/time regimens described as most effective. The authors also…

Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from GSM Mobile Phones Decreases the Accuracy of Home Blood Glucose Monitors.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2014

This study tested whether radiofrequency emissions from a ringing GSM mobile phone affect home blood glucose monitor readings. Among 45 female nondiabetic students, the group measured in the presence vs absence of a ringing phone showed larger changes between two readings than a repeat-measurement control group…

Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This narrative review argues that non-thermal biological effects of extremely low and microwave frequency EMFs may be mediated by activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). It cites 23 studies in which VGCC blockers reportedly block or reduce diverse EMF effects and proposes downstream…

Multifocal Breast Cancer in Young Women with Prolonged Contact between Their Breasts and Their Cellular Phones

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This 2013 case series describes four young women (ages 21–39) with multifocal invasive breast cancer who reportedly carried smartphones directly against their breasts in their brassieres for prolonged periods over several years. Tumors were reported to occur in areas immediately underlying phone contact, with imaging…

[The effect of weak low-frequency magnetic fields on the intracellular calcium-dependent proteinases of fish].

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This animal study examined in vivo and in vitro effects of weak, low-frequency magnetic fields described as having resonance parameters for calcium ions. The authors report a considerable decrease in activity of calcium-dependent proteinases (calpains) in fish skeletal muscle and brain following exposure. The…

Effect of lansoprazole on the epigastric symptoms of functional dyspepsia (ELF study): A multicentre, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Japan evaluated lansoprazole 15 mg daily for 4 weeks in functional dyspepsia diagnosed by Rome III criteria. Lansoprazole showed higher overall symptom relief than placebo at week 4 and improved epigastric pain and burning scores. Postprandial…

Mobile phone support for rural health workers in Nepal through 'celemedicine'.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This article describes a pilot mobile-phone-based support system (“celemedicine”) for mid-level rural health workers in Gulmi District, Nepal, enabling free calls to three general practitioner doctors at the district hospital. The intervention aims to improve appropriate referral and connectivity between peripheral…

Influence of pulsed magnetic field on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed germination, seedling growth and soil microbial population.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This laboratory study examined pulsed magnetic field (PMF) pretreatment of soybean seeds (1500 nT) at 0.1–100 Hz for 5 hours/day over 20 days. The abstract reports increased germination rates for all PMF treatments, with 10 and 100 Hz showing the strongest responses, and improvements in several seedling growth and…

Critical time delay of the pineal melatonin rhythm in humans due to weak electromagnetic exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This paper discusses a mechanism by which weak electromagnetic exposure could perturb radical pair recombination rates, potentially increasing radical lifetimes. It reports significant melatonin interruption and circadian rhythm changes due to perturbation of chemical reaction rates, and notes that mRNA degradation…

Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field and GABAA Receptors on Serum Testosterone Level of Male Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This animal experiment tested whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure interacts with GABAA receptor modulation to affect serum testosterone in male rats. Rats were exposed for 30 days (8 hours/day) or sham exposed, then given saline, a GABAA antagonist (bicuculline), or a GABAA…

[Modulation of Ca(2+)-dependent proteinase activity in invertebrates and fish under the action of weak low-frequency magnetic fields].

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2013

This study examined whether weak low-frequency magnetic fields affect Ca2+-dependent proteinases (calpains) in fish and invertebrates using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The authors report a significant decrease in calpain activity in animals exposed to a field tuned to Ca2+ parametric resonance, and substantial…

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