Morphological and cytophysiological changes in selected lines of normal and cancer human cells under the influence of a radio-frequency electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells to 2.5 GHz RF-EMF for 24, 48, and 72 hours and assessed viability and morphology. The authors report decreased viability in fibroblasts and increased viability in prostate cancer cells after exposure, while morphology showed no significant…
Prioritizing health outcomes when assessing the effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: A survey among experts.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper reports a survey designed to prioritize which RF EMF-related health outcomes should be addressed in systematic reviews. Of 300 experts queried, 164 responded and rated cancer, heat-related effects, adverse birth/pregnancy outcomes, electromagnetic hypersensitivity, cognitive impairment, and oxidative…
The effect of 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on biological pathways induced by electrochemotherapy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This study examined whether 900 MHz RF-EMF exposure modifies biological pathways associated with electrochemotherapy (ECT) in 4T1 cells and in mice bearing 4T1 tumors. At the highest reported power density (349 µW/cm), RF exposure was reported to increase ECT-induced tumor hypoxia and increase IFN-γ compared with ECT…
The Short-Term Effect of Occupational Levels of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Human Heart Rate Variability.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This double-blind randomized sham-controlled repeated-measures study examined short-term 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (28 μT) to the chest and its effects on HR and HRV in 34 healthy young men. HR deceleration occurred in both EMF and sham conditions, but several HRV indices (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF) increased only in the EMF…
Conformational changes of β-thalassemia major hemoglobin and oxidative status of plasma after in vitro exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: An artificial neural network analysis.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed blood samples from β-thalassemia major patients and matched healthy donors (n=12 each) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 0.5 and 1 mT for 1–2 hours. The authors report that two-hour exposure induced significant oxidative changes in β-thalassemia major samples and examined protein/Hb structural features…
Pulsed and Discontinuous Electromagnetic Field Exposure Decreases Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma by Modulating the Expression of O-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, Cyclin-D1, and p53.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study evaluated 50 Hz, 70 G electromagnetic field exposure in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in T98 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines. The authors report that EMF plus TMZ increased cell death and reduced migration potential compared with controls. They also report increased p53 gene expression and…
Comparing the Effects of Long-term Exposure to Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields With Different Values on Learning, Memory, Anxiety, and β-amyloid Deposition in Adult Rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal study exposed adult male rats to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1, 100, 500, or 2000 μT for 1 hour/day over two months and assessed behavior and brain markers. The authors report increased memory retention (higher step-through latency) alongside increased anxiety-like behavior (reduced open-arm entries), particularly…
Translocation of silica nanospheres through giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) induced by a high frequency electromagnetic field.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study used giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) to examine effects of an 18 GHz electromagnetic field on membrane behavior. The authors report increased membrane permeability after exposure, inferred from internalisation of 23.5 nm hydrophilic silica nanospheres. Complementary molecular dynamics…
First Identification of the Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Micromolecular Changes in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to a continuous 50 Hz electromagnetic field at 1.5 mT for 24, 48, or 72 hours and assessed micromolecular changes using FTIR spectroscopy. The authors report the largest FTIR spectral differences versus control in nucleic acids and proteins…
Improved Calculation Method of Coupling Factors for Low-Frequency Wireless Power Transfer Systems.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This engineering/methods study addresses computational artifacts that can affect coupling factor calculations for localized EMF exposure assessment in IEC 62311/62233, particularly below 10 MHz. The authors propose using the 99.99th percentile rather than the maximum internal quantity to mitigate abnormal peaks from…
Hydrogel-hydroxyapatite-monomeric collagen type-I scaffold with low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment enhances osteochondral repair in rabbits.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal and in vitro study evaluated a composite osteochondral scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) combined with low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) stimulation. The authors report that EMF promoted BMSC proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation in vitro, partly via PI3K/AKT/mTOR…
The Dynamic(s) of Adipose Stem Cell System, Their Survival, and Cessation under the Influence of Electromagnetic Fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined how extremely low frequency EMF affects adipose-derived stem cell proliferation, cell cycle, viability, and death using fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. Under continuous exposure at 76.6 Hz and 20 T (ICR-based parameters), the authors report a statistically significant increase…
A New Treatment for Stretch Marks and Skin Ptosis with Electromagnetic Fields and Negative Pressure: A Clinical and Histological Study.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This clinical and histological study evaluated a combined electromagnetic fields and negative pressure treatment (V-EMF) for stretch marks and skin hypotonia. Sixty women aged 25–45 underwent 6 or 8 weekly sessions, with documentation via pictures, patient satisfaction, and biopsies. The authors report histological…
Effects of excessive use of mobile phone technology in India on human health during COVID-19 lockdown.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This cross-sectional online survey study (n=122) examined increased dependency on mobile phone technology and electronic gadgets in India during the COVID-19 lockdown. Most participants reported increased usage and perceived increased risk of health problems from excessive use. The authors conclude that technology…
Morphometric analysis - effect of the radiofrequency interface of electromagnetic field on the size of hatched Dermacentor reticulatus larvae.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal study examined whether exposing Dermacentor reticulatus tick eggs to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 30, 60, or 90 minutes affects the size of hatched larvae. The authors report that the 60-minute exposure group produced larvae with larger measurements across four body traits compared with unexposed controls and other…
Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) exposure on male fertility and pregnancy and birth outcomes: Protocols for a systematic review of experimental studies in non-human mammals and in human sperm exposed in vitro.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper presents protocols for a systematic review of experimental studies assessing RF-EMF exposure (100 kHz–300 GHz) and outcomes related to male fertility and pregnancy/birth effects. The review will cover three evidence streams: non-human mammal male reproductive outcomes, human sperm exposed in vitro, and in…
The Time-Dependence of Three Different Modes of ELF-EMF Stimulation on LTP at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal ex vivo study tested whether short-term 15 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMF exposure alters LTP at rat hippocampal SC-CA1 synapses. Across sinusoidal, pulsed, and rhythm-pulsed modes, the authors report reduced LTP versus control, with greater inhibition at longer exposure durations (10–60 s). Sinusoidal stimulation…
Effects induced by a 50 Hz electromagnetic field and doxorubicin on Walker-256 carcinosarcoma growth and hepatic redox state in rats.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This animal study compared 50 Hz extremely low-frequency EMF exposure with doxorubicin (and their combination) in Walker-256 carcinosarcoma-bearing rats, assessing tumor growth and liver redox-related outcomes. DOX and DOX+EMF were reported to inhibit tumor growth more than EMF alone, though EMF alone also showed an…
Modulation of Crystallinity through Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in PLLA/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composites: A Proof of Concept.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This materials proof-of-concept study explored using radiofrequency EMF to heat magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in PLLA to modulate polymer properties. Heating was monitored by infrared camera, and polymer changes were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry and nanoindentation. The authors report that EMF…
Impact of low-level electromagnetic fields on the inducibility of atrial fibrillation in the electrophysiology laboratory.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This randomized sham-controlled study tested low-level electromagnetic field stimulation (3.2 × 10 G at 0.89 Hz) applied around the head in patients undergoing ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Eighteen patients completed the protocol, and LL-EMF was associated with shorter pacing-induced AF episodes after…
3D GIS for surface modelling of magnetic fields generated by overhead power lines and their validation in a complex urban area.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This paper presents a 3D GIS approach to model magnetic fields from overhead high-voltage power lines while accounting for terrain relief and cable catenary. The model was validated against extensive field measurements in two complex urban environments and showed good agreement with measured values, though accuracy…
Modelling and Evaluation of the Absorption of the 866 MHz Electromagnetic Field in Humans Exposed near to Fixed I-RFID Readers Used in Medical RTLS or to Monitor PPE.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This study modelled SAR in humans near fixed multi-antenna UHF RFID readers operating at 866 MHz, representing RTLS and PPE-monitoring use scenarios. The modelling suggests that at 5 cm distance, SAR may warrant consideration against international exposure limits aimed at preventing thermal effects when effective…
Exposure to long-term evolution radiofrequency electromagnetic fields decreases neuroblastoma cell proliferation via Akt/mTOR-mediated cellular senescence.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study examined LTE RF-EMF exposure effects on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The authors report reduced cell proliferation and a G0/G1 cell-cycle delay after 1760 MHz exposure at 4 W/kg for 4 hr/day over 4 days. They report no marked DNA damage signal (γH2AX) and no apoptosis activation, but increased…
Wi-fi related radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF): a pilot experimental study of personal exposure and risk perception.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This pilot experimental study tested whether different types of information (basic text, precautionary information, or personal RF-EMF exposure measurements) affect perceptions of Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) RF-EMF. Risk perception and exposure perception did not differ by the type of information provided, although receiving…
Radiofrequency EMF irradiation effects on pre-B lymphocytes undergoing somatic recombination.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2021
This in vitro study exposed developing pre-B lymphocytes undergoing V(D)J recombination to low-intensity RF EMFs for 48 hours across 720–1224 MHz. The authors report a frequency- and dose-dependent decrease in recombination, with stronger reductions around 950–1000 MHz at relatively low power densities. γH2AX levels…